diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/api/vertex/VertexList.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/api/vertex/VertexList.java
index b812b52ed..a3eb9e3ff 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/api/vertex/VertexList.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/api/vertex/VertexList.java
@@ -40,6 +40,14 @@ public interface VertexList {
 
 	float normalZ(int index);
 
+	default Vector4f getPos(int i, Vector4f dest) {
+		return dest.set(x(i), y(i), z(i));
+	}
+
+    default Vector3f getNormal(int i, Vector3f dest) {
+		return dest.set(normalX(i), normalY(i), normalZ(i));
+	}
+
 	default void write(MutableVertexList dst, int srcIndex, int dstIndex) {
 		dst.x(dstIndex, x(srcIndex));
 		dst.y(dstIndex, y(srcIndex));
@@ -68,7 +76,7 @@ public interface VertexList {
 	}
 
 	default void writeAll(MutableVertexList dst) {
-		write(dst, 0, 0, vertexCount());
+		write(dst, 0, 0, Math.min(vertexCount(), dst.vertexCount()));
 	}
 
 	int vertexCount();
@@ -76,12 +84,4 @@ public interface VertexList {
 	default boolean isEmpty() {
 		return vertexCount() == 0;
 	}
-
-    default Vector3f getNormal(int i, Vector3f dest) {
-		return dest.set(normalX(i), normalY(i), normalZ(i));
-	}
-
-	default Vector4f getPos(int i, Vector4f dest) {
-		return dest.set(x(i), y(i), z(i));
-	}
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/api/vertex/VertexListProvider.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/api/vertex/VertexListProvider.java
deleted file mode 100644
index a200e03ad..000000000
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/api/vertex/VertexListProvider.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-package com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex;
-
-public interface VertexListProvider {
-	ReusableVertexList createVertexList();
-}
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/api/vertex/VertexType.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/api/vertex/VertexType.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 2e67b232a..000000000
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/api/vertex/VertexType.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-package com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex;
-
-/**
- * A vertex type containing metadata about a specific vertex layout.
- */
-// TODO: query a bitset of vertex attributes that are used?
-public interface VertexType extends VertexListProvider {
-	/**
-	 * The byte size of a single vertex.
-	 */
-	int getStride();
-
-	default int byteOffset(int vertexIndex) {
-		return getStride() * vertexIndex;
-	}
-}
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/api/vertex/ReusableVertexList.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/api/vertex/VertexView.java
similarity index 61%
rename from src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/api/vertex/ReusableVertexList.java
rename to src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/api/vertex/VertexView.java
index a74bcb103..65270f548 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/api/vertex/ReusableVertexList.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/api/vertex/VertexView.java
@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 package com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex;
 
-public interface ReusableVertexList extends MutableVertexList {
+public interface VertexView extends MutableVertexList {
 	long ptr();
 
 	void ptr(long ptr);
 
 	void vertexCount(int vertexCount);
+
+	long stride();
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/api/vertex/VertexViewProvider.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/api/vertex/VertexViewProvider.java
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..91cb569b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/api/vertex/VertexViewProvider.java
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+package com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex;
+
+public interface VertexViewProvider {
+	VertexView createVertexView();
+}
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/api/vertex/VertexListProviderRegistry.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/api/vertex/VertexViewProviderRegistry.java
similarity index 60%
rename from src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/api/vertex/VertexListProviderRegistry.java
rename to src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/api/vertex/VertexViewProviderRegistry.java
index d60c42ead..c59183ed8 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/api/vertex/VertexListProviderRegistry.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/api/vertex/VertexViewProviderRegistry.java
@@ -3,15 +3,15 @@ package com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.impl.vertex.VertexListProviderRegistryImpl;
 import com.mojang.blaze3d.vertex.VertexFormat;
 
-public final class VertexListProviderRegistry {
-	public static VertexListProvider getProvider(VertexFormat format) {
+public final class VertexViewProviderRegistry {
+	public static VertexViewProvider getProvider(VertexFormat format) {
 		return VertexListProviderRegistryImpl.getProvider(format);
 	}
 
-	public static void setProvider(VertexFormat format, VertexListProvider provider) {
+	public static void setProvider(VertexFormat format, VertexViewProvider provider) {
 		VertexListProviderRegistryImpl.setProvider(format, provider);
 	}
 
-	private VertexListProviderRegistry() {
+	private VertexViewProviderRegistry() {
 	}
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/InternalLayout.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/InternalLayout.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 8ed8ff193..000000000
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/InternalLayout.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-package com.jozufozu.flywheel.backend;
-
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.layout.BufferLayout;
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.ReusableVertexList;
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.vertex.FullVertex;
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.vertex.FullVertexList;
-
-public class InternalLayout {
-	public static final BufferLayout LAYOUT = FullVertex.FORMAT;
-
-	public static ReusableVertexList createVertexList() {
-		return new FullVertexList();
-	}
-}
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/InternalVertex.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/InternalVertex.java
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..dc133b6db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/InternalVertex.java
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+package com.jozufozu.flywheel.backend;
+
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.Flywheel;
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.layout.BufferLayout;
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexView;
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.layout.CommonItems;
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.vertex.FullVertexView;
+
+import net.minecraft.resources.ResourceLocation;
+
+public final class InternalVertex {
+	public static final BufferLayout LAYOUT = BufferLayout.builder()
+			.addItem(CommonItems.VEC3, "position")
+			.addItem(CommonItems.UNORM_4x8, "color")
+			.addItem(CommonItems.VEC2, "tex")
+			.addItem(CommonItems.LIGHT_COORD, "overlay")
+			.addItem(CommonItems.LIGHT_COORD, "light")
+			.addItem(CommonItems.NORM_3x8, "normal")
+			.withPadding(1)
+			.build();
+
+	public static final ResourceLocation LAYOUT_SHADER = Flywheel.rl("internal/vertex_input.vert");
+
+	private InternalVertex() {
+	}
+
+	public static VertexView createVertexView() {
+		return new FullVertexView();
+	}
+}
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/compile/IndirectPrograms.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/compile/IndirectPrograms.java
index aed5ba5c8..8754363ff 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/compile/IndirectPrograms.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/compile/IndirectPrograms.java
@@ -89,8 +89,8 @@ public class IndirectPrograms {
 								.define("_FLW_SUBGROUP_SIZE", GlCompat.SUBGROUP_SIZE)
 								.withComponent(uniformComponent)
 								.withComponent(IndirectComponent::create)
-								.withResource(Files.INDIRECT_CULL)
-								.withResource(InstanceType::instanceShader))
+								.withResource(InstanceType::instanceShader)
+								.withResource(Files.INDIRECT_CULL))
 						.then((key, program) -> program.setUniformBlockBinding("FlwUniforms", 0)))
 				.build();
 	}
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/compile/PipelineCompiler.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/compile/PipelineCompiler.java
index 7ac11612c..a1f9004df 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/compile/PipelineCompiler.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/compile/PipelineCompiler.java
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ package com.jozufozu.flywheel.backend.compile;
 import java.util.List;
 
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.backend.InternalLayout;
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.backend.InternalVertex;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.backend.compile.component.UniformComponent;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.gl.shader.ShaderType;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.glsl.ShaderSources;
@@ -18,9 +18,10 @@ public class PipelineCompiler {
 				.compiler(PIPELINE.program()
 						.link(PIPELINE.shader(pipeline.glslVersion(), ShaderType.VERTEX)
 								.withComponent(uniformComponent)
-								.withComponent(key -> pipeline.assembler()
-										.assemble(new Pipeline.InstanceAssemblerContext(InternalLayout.LAYOUT.getAttributeCount(), key.instanceType())))
 								.withResource(pipeline.vertexApiImpl())
+								.withResource(InternalVertex.LAYOUT_SHADER)
+								.withComponent(key -> pipeline.assembler()
+										.assemble(new Pipeline.InstanceAssemblerContext(InternalVertex.LAYOUT.getAttributeCount(), key.instanceType())))
 								.withComponents(vertexComponents)
 								.withResource(key -> key.instanceType()
 										.instanceShader())
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/engine/batching/BatchedCrumbling.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/engine/batching/BatchedCrumbling.java
index 8729acc46..d6f337d58 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/engine/batching/BatchedCrumbling.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/engine/batching/BatchedCrumbling.java
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.backend.Engine;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.event.RenderStage;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.instance.Instance;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.model.Mesh;
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.ReusableVertexList;
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexView;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.backend.engine.InstanceHandleImpl;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.extension.RenderTypeExtension;
 
@@ -32,8 +32,8 @@ public class BatchedCrumbling {
 
 			drawBuffer.prepare(bucket.vertexCount);
 
-			ReusableVertexList vertexList = drawBuffer.slice(0, 0);
-			long basePtr = vertexList.ptr();
+			VertexView vertexView = drawBuffer.slice(0, 0);
+			long basePtr = vertexView.ptr();
 
 			int totalVertices = 0;
 
@@ -41,15 +41,15 @@ public class BatchedCrumbling {
 				var instance = pair.first();
 				var instancer = pair.second();
 
-				totalVertices += bufferOne(instancer, totalVertices, vertexList, drawBuffer, instance);
+				totalVertices += bufferOne(instancer, totalVertices, vertexView, drawBuffer, instance);
 			}
 
-			vertexList.ptr(basePtr);
-			vertexList.vertexCount(totalVertices);
+			vertexView.ptr(basePtr);
+			vertexView.vertexCount(totalVertices);
 
 			// apply these in bulk
-			BatchingTransforms.applyDecalUVs(vertexList);
-			BatchingTransforms.applyMatrices(vertexList, batchContext.matrices());
+			BatchingTransforms.applyDecalUVs(vertexView);
+			BatchingTransforms.applyMatrices(vertexView, batchContext.matrices());
 
 			drawTracker._draw(drawBuffer);
 		}
@@ -75,25 +75,25 @@ public class BatchedCrumbling {
 
 				for (TransformCall<?> transformCall : instancer.getTransformCalls()) {
 					var mesh = transformCall.mesh;
-					bucket.vertexCount += mesh.getVertexCount();
+					bucket.vertexCount += mesh.vertexCount();
 				}
             }
 		}
 		return out;
 	}
 
-	private static <I extends Instance> int bufferOne(BatchedInstancer<I> batchedInstancer, int baseVertex, ReusableVertexList vertexList, DrawBuffer drawBuffer, Instance instance) {
+	private static <I extends Instance> int bufferOne(BatchedInstancer<I> batchedInstancer, int baseVertex, VertexView vertexView, DrawBuffer drawBuffer, Instance instance) {
 		int totalVertices = 0;
 
 		for (TransformCall<I> transformCall : batchedInstancer.getTransformCalls()) {
             Mesh mesh = transformCall.mesh.mesh;
 
-			vertexList.ptr(drawBuffer.ptrForVertex(baseVertex + totalVertices));
-			vertexList.vertexCount(mesh.vertexCount());
+			vertexView.ptr(drawBuffer.ptrForVertex(baseVertex + totalVertices));
+			vertexView.vertexCount(mesh.vertexCount());
 
-			mesh.write(vertexList);
+			mesh.write(vertexView);
 			batchedInstancer.type.getVertexTransformer()
-					.transform(vertexList, (I) instance);
+					.transform(vertexView, (I) instance);
 
 			totalVertices += mesh.vertexCount();
 		}
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/engine/batching/BatchedMeshPool.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/engine/batching/BatchedMeshPool.java
index 7c899f247..c431f08ce 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/engine/batching/BatchedMeshPool.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/engine/batching/BatchedMeshPool.java
@@ -11,14 +11,14 @@ import org.lwjgl.system.MemoryUtil;
 
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.Flywheel;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.model.Mesh;
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.ReusableVertexList;
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexListProviderRegistry;
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexView;
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexViewProviderRegistry;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.memory.MemoryBlock;
 import com.mojang.blaze3d.vertex.VertexFormat;
 
 public class BatchedMeshPool {
 	private final VertexFormat vertexFormat;
-	private final ReusableVertexList vertexList;
+	private final VertexView vertexView;
 	private final int growthMargin;
 
 	private final Map<Mesh, BufferedMesh> meshes = new HashMap<>();
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ public class BatchedMeshPool {
 	 */
 	public BatchedMeshPool(VertexFormat vertexFormat) {
 		this.vertexFormat = vertexFormat;
-		vertexList = VertexListProviderRegistry.getProvider(vertexFormat).createVertexList();
+		vertexView = VertexViewProviderRegistry.getProvider(vertexFormat).createVertexView();
 		growthMargin = vertexFormat.getVertexSize() * 128;
 	}
 
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ public class BatchedMeshPool {
 	private void bufferPending() {
 		try {
 			for (BufferedMesh mesh : pendingBuffer) {
-				mesh.buffer(vertexList);
+				mesh.write(vertexView);
 			}
 
 			pendingBuffer.clear();
@@ -151,8 +151,8 @@ public class BatchedMeshPool {
 
 	public class BufferedMesh {
 		public final Mesh mesh;
-		private final int byteSize;
 		private final int vertexCount;
+		private final int byteSize;
 		private final Vector4fc boundingSphere;
 
 		private long byteIndex;
@@ -161,32 +161,32 @@ public class BatchedMeshPool {
 		private BufferedMesh(Mesh mesh, long byteIndex) {
 			this.mesh = mesh;
 			vertexCount = mesh.vertexCount();
-			boundingSphere = mesh.boundingSphere();
 			byteSize = vertexCount * vertexFormat.getVertexSize();
+			boundingSphere = mesh.boundingSphere();
 			this.byteIndex = byteIndex;
 		}
 
+		public VertexFormat vertexFormat() {
+			return vertexFormat;
+		}
+
+		public int vertexCount() {
+			return vertexCount;
+		}
+
 		public int size() {
 			return byteSize;
 		}
 
-		public int getVertexCount() {
-			return vertexCount;
-		}
-
 		public Vector4fc boundingSphere() {
 			return boundingSphere;
 		}
 
-		public VertexFormat getVertexFormat() {
-			return vertexFormat;
-		}
-
 		public boolean isDeleted() {
 			return deleted;
 		}
 
-		private boolean isEmpty() {
+		public boolean isEmpty() {
 			return mesh.isEmpty() || isDeleted();
 		}
 
@@ -194,15 +194,14 @@ public class BatchedMeshPool {
 			return BatchedMeshPool.this.data.ptr() + byteIndex;
 		}
 
-		private void buffer(ReusableVertexList vertexList) {
+		private void write(VertexView vertexView) {
 			if (isEmpty()) {
 				return;
 			}
 
-			vertexList.ptr(ptr());
-			vertexList.vertexCount(vertexCount);
-
-			mesh.write(vertexList);
+			vertexView.ptr(ptr());
+			vertexView.vertexCount(vertexCount);
+			mesh.write(vertexView);
 		}
 
 		public void copyTo(long ptr) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/engine/batching/DrawBuffer.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/engine/batching/DrawBuffer.java
index 7cfabf6c5..9713df7ab 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/engine/batching/DrawBuffer.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/engine/batching/DrawBuffer.java
@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ import java.util.List;
 
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.event.ReloadLevelRendererEvent;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.event.RenderStage;
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.ReusableVertexList;
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexListProvider;
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexView;
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexViewProvider;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.extension.BufferBuilderExtension;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.extension.RenderTypeExtension;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.memory.MemoryBlock;
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ import net.minecraft.client.renderer.RenderType;
 import net.minecraft.util.Mth;
 
 /**
- * A byte buffer that can be used to draw vertices through multiple {@link ReusableVertexList}s.
+ * A byte buffer that can be used to draw vertices through multiple {@link VertexView}s.
  * <br>
  * Note: The number of vertices needs to be known ahead of time.
  */
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ public class DrawBuffer {
 	private final VertexFormat format;
 	private final int stride;
 	private final boolean sortOnUpload;
-	private final VertexListProvider provider;
+	private final VertexViewProvider provider;
 
 	private MemoryBlock data;
 	private ByteBuffer buffer;
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ public class DrawBuffer {
 	private int vertexCount;
 	private int verticesToDraw;
 
-	public DrawBuffer(RenderType renderType, VertexFormat format, int stride, boolean sortOnUpload, VertexListProvider provider) {
+	public DrawBuffer(RenderType renderType, VertexFormat format, int stride, boolean sortOnUpload, VertexViewProvider provider) {
 		this.renderType = renderType;
 		this.format = format;
 		this.stride = stride;
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ public class DrawBuffer {
 		prepared = true;
 	}
 
-	public ReusableVertexList slice(int startVertex, int vertexCount) {
+	public VertexView slice(int startVertex, int vertexCount) {
 		if (!prepared) {
 			throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot slice DrawBuffer that is not prepared!");
 		}
@@ -94,10 +94,10 @@ public class DrawBuffer {
 			throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("Vertex count greater than allocated: " + startVertex + " + " + vertexCount + " > " + this.vertexCount);
 		}
 
-		ReusableVertexList vertexList = provider.createVertexList();
-		vertexList.ptr(ptrForVertex(startVertex));
-		vertexList.vertexCount(vertexCount);
-		return vertexList;
+		VertexView vertexView = provider.createVertexView();
+		vertexView.ptr(ptrForVertex(startVertex));
+		vertexView.vertexCount(vertexCount);
+		return vertexView;
 	}
 
 	public long ptrForVertex(long startVertex) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/engine/batching/DrawBufferSet.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/engine/batching/DrawBufferSet.java
index 6598031a4..ce18ead93 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/engine/batching/DrawBufferSet.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/engine/batching/DrawBufferSet.java
@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ import java.util.EnumMap;
 import java.util.Map;
 
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.event.RenderStage;
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexListProvider;
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexListProviderRegistry;
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexViewProvider;
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexViewProviderRegistry;
 import com.mojang.blaze3d.vertex.VertexFormat;
 
 import net.minecraft.client.renderer.RenderType;
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ public class DrawBufferSet {
 	private final VertexFormat format;
 	private final boolean sortOnUpload;
 	private final int stride;
-	private final VertexListProvider provider;
+	private final VertexViewProvider provider;
 	private final Map<RenderStage, DrawBuffer> buffers = new EnumMap<>(RenderStage.class);
 
 	public DrawBufferSet(RenderType renderType, boolean sortOnUpload) {
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ public class DrawBufferSet {
 		this.sortOnUpload = sortOnUpload;
 		format = renderType.format();
 		stride = format.getVertexSize();
-		provider = VertexListProviderRegistry.getProvider(format);
+		provider = VertexViewProviderRegistry.getProvider(format);
 	}
 
 	public DrawBuffer getBuffer(RenderStage stage) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/engine/batching/TransformCall.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/engine/batching/TransformCall.java
index 4b2cb434d..21f936faf 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/engine/batching/TransformCall.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/engine/batching/TransformCall.java
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.instance.InstanceVertexTransformer;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.material.Material;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.material.MaterialVertexTransformer;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.task.Plan;
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.ReusableVertexList;
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexView;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.task.ForEachSlicePlan;
 import com.mojang.blaze3d.vertex.PoseStack;
 
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@ public class TransformCall<I extends Instance> {
 		InstanceBoundingSphereTransformer<I> boundingSphereTransformer = instancer.type.getBoundingSphereTransformer();
 		MaterialVertexTransformer materialVertexTransformer = material.getVertexTransformer();
 
-		meshVertexCount = mesh.getVertexCount();
+		meshVertexCount = mesh.vertexCount();
 		Vector4fc meshBoundingSphere = mesh.boundingSphere();
 
 		drawPlan = ForEachSlicePlan.of(instancer::getAll, (subList, ctx) -> {
-			ReusableVertexList vertexList = ctx.buffer.slice(0, meshVertexCount);
+			VertexView vertexView = ctx.buffer.slice(0, meshVertexCount);
 			Vector4f boundingSphere = new Vector4f();
 
 			for (I instance : subList) {
@@ -51,12 +51,12 @@ public class TransformCall<I extends Instance> {
 				}
 
 				final int baseVertex = ctx.vertexCounter.getAndAdd(meshVertexCount);
-				vertexList.ptr(ctx.buffer.ptrForVertex(baseVertex));
+				vertexView.ptr(ctx.buffer.ptrForVertex(baseVertex));
 
-				mesh.copyTo(vertexList.ptr());
-				instanceVertexTransformer.transform(vertexList, instance);
-				materialVertexTransformer.transform(vertexList, ctx.level);
-				BatchingTransforms.applyMatrices(vertexList, ctx.matrices);
+				mesh.copyTo(vertexView.ptr());
+				instanceVertexTransformer.transform(vertexView, instance);
+				materialVertexTransformer.transform(vertexView, ctx.level);
+				BatchingTransforms.applyMatrices(vertexView, ctx.matrices);
 			}
 		});
 	}
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/engine/indirect/IndirectMeshPool.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/engine/indirect/IndirectMeshPool.java
index c292918e3..c134f9428 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/engine/indirect/IndirectMeshPool.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/engine/indirect/IndirectMeshPool.java
@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@ import java.util.Map;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
 
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.model.Mesh;
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.backend.InternalLayout;
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexView;
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.backend.InternalVertex;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.gl.GlNumericType;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.gl.array.GlVertexArray;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.gl.buffer.GlBuffer;
@@ -16,6 +17,7 @@ import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.memory.MemoryBlock;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.model.QuadIndexSequence;
 
 public class IndirectMeshPool {
+	private final VertexView vertexView;
 	private final Map<Mesh, BufferedMesh> meshes = new HashMap<>();
 	private final List<BufferedMesh> meshList = new ArrayList<>();
 
@@ -29,13 +31,14 @@ public class IndirectMeshPool {
 	 * Create a new mesh pool.
 	 */
 	public IndirectMeshPool() {
+		vertexView = InternalVertex.createVertexView();
 		vbo = new GlBuffer();
 		ebo = new GlBuffer();
 		vertexArray = GlVertexArray.create();
 
 		vertexArray.setElementBuffer(ebo.handle());
-		vertexArray.bindVertexBuffer(0, vbo.handle(), 0, InternalLayout.LAYOUT.getStride());
-		vertexArray.bindAttributes(0, 0, InternalLayout.LAYOUT.attributes());
+		vertexArray.bindVertexBuffer(0, vbo.handle(), 0, InternalVertex.LAYOUT.getStride());
+		vertexArray.bindAttributes(0, 0, InternalVertex.LAYOUT.attributes());
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -89,8 +92,6 @@ public class IndirectMeshPool {
 		final long vertexPtr = vertexBlock.ptr();
 		final long indexPtr = indexBlock.ptr();
 
-		var target = InternalLayout.createVertexList();
-
 		int byteIndex = 0;
 		int baseVertex = 0;
 		int firstIndex = maxQuadIndexCount;
@@ -98,11 +99,10 @@ public class IndirectMeshPool {
 			mesh.byteIndex = byteIndex;
 			mesh.baseVertex = baseVertex;
 
-			target.ptr(vertexPtr + mesh.byteIndex);
-			mesh.mesh.write(target);
+			mesh.write(vertexPtr, vertexView);
 
 			byteIndex += mesh.size();
-			baseVertex += mesh.mesh.vertexCount();
+			baseVertex += mesh.vertexCount();
 
 			var indexFiller = mesh.mesh.indexSequence();
 			if (indexFiller == QuadIndexSequence.INSTANCE) {
@@ -141,16 +141,25 @@ public class IndirectMeshPool {
 
 	public static class BufferedMesh {
 		private final Mesh mesh;
+		private final int vertexCount;
+		private final int byteSize;
+
 		private long byteIndex;
 		private int baseVertex;
 		private int firstIndex;
 
 		private BufferedMesh(Mesh mesh) {
 			this.mesh = mesh;
+			vertexCount = mesh.vertexCount();
+			byteSize = vertexCount * InternalVertex.LAYOUT.getStride();
+		}
+
+		public int vertexCount() {
+			return vertexCount;
 		}
 
 		public int size() {
-			return mesh.vertexCount() * InternalLayout.LAYOUT.getStride();
+			return byteSize;
 		}
 
 		public int indexCount() {
@@ -164,5 +173,11 @@ public class IndirectMeshPool {
 		public int firstIndex() {
 			return firstIndex;
 		}
+
+		private void write(long ptr, VertexView vertexView) {
+			vertexView.ptr(ptr + byteIndex);
+			vertexView.vertexCount(vertexCount);
+			mesh.write(vertexView);
+		}
 	}
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/engine/instancing/DrawCall.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/engine/instancing/DrawCall.java
index 396e9dd0a..ada838275 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/engine/instancing/DrawCall.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/engine/instancing/DrawCall.java
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 package com.jozufozu.flywheel.backend.engine.instancing;
 
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.backend.InternalVertex;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.backend.engine.InstanceHandleImpl;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.gl.array.GlVertexArray;
 
@@ -8,7 +9,6 @@ public class DrawCall {
 	private final InstancedInstancer<?> instancer;
 	private final InstancedMeshPool.BufferedMesh mesh;
 
-	private final int meshAttributes;
 	private GlVertexArray vao;
 	private GlVertexArray vaoScratch;
 
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@ public class DrawCall {
 		this.mesh = mesh;
 		this.shaderState = shaderState;
 
-		meshAttributes = this.mesh.getAttributeCount();
 		vao = GlVertexArray.create();
 	}
 
@@ -37,7 +36,7 @@ public class DrawCall {
 			return;
 		}
 
-		instancer.bindIfNeeded(vao, meshAttributes);
+		instancer.bindIfNeeded(vao, InternalVertex.LAYOUT.getAttributeCount());
 		mesh.setup(vao);
 
 		vao.bindForDraw();
@@ -59,7 +58,7 @@ public class DrawCall {
 
 		var vao = lazyScratchVao();
 
-		instancer.bindRaw(vao, meshAttributes, impl.index);
+		instancer.bindRaw(vao, InternalVertex.LAYOUT.getAttributeCount(), impl.index);
 		mesh.setup(vao);
 
 		vao.bindForDraw();
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/engine/instancing/InstancedMeshPool.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/engine/instancing/InstancedMeshPool.java
index 66edaf9b6..daff7502c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/engine/instancing/InstancedMeshPool.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/backend/engine/instancing/InstancedMeshPool.java
@@ -12,13 +12,15 @@ import org.lwjgl.opengl.GL32;
 
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.Flywheel;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.model.Mesh;
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.backend.InternalLayout;
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexView;
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.backend.InternalVertex;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.gl.GlPrimitive;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.gl.array.GlVertexArray;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.gl.buffer.GlBuffer;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.gl.buffer.MappedBuffer;
 
 public class InstancedMeshPool {
+	private final VertexView vertexView;
 	private final Map<Mesh, BufferedMesh> meshes = new HashMap<>();
 	private final List<BufferedMesh> allBuffered = new ArrayList<>();
 	private final List<BufferedMesh> pendingUpload = new ArrayList<>();
@@ -33,7 +35,8 @@ public class InstancedMeshPool {
 	 * Create a new mesh pool.
 	 */
 	public InstancedMeshPool() {
-		int stride = InternalLayout.LAYOUT.getStride();
+		vertexView = InternalVertex.createVertexView();
+		int stride = InternalVertex.LAYOUT.getStride();
 		vbo = new GlBuffer();
 		vbo.growthFunction(l -> Math.max(l + stride * 128L, (long) (l * 1.6)));
 	}
@@ -109,11 +112,8 @@ public class InstancedMeshPool {
 		try (MappedBuffer mapped = vbo.map()) {
 			long ptr = mapped.ptr();
 
-			var vertexList = InternalLayout.createVertexList();
-
 			for (BufferedMesh mesh : pendingUpload) {
-				vertexList.ptr(ptr + mesh.byteIndex);
-				mesh.mesh.write(vertexList);
+				mesh.write(ptr, vertexView);
 				mesh.boundTo.clear();
 			}
 
@@ -137,7 +137,10 @@ public class InstancedMeshPool {
 
 	public class BufferedMesh {
 		private final Mesh mesh;
+		private final int vertexCount;
+		private final int byteSize;
 		private final int ebo;
+
 		private long byteIndex;
 		private boolean deleted;
 
@@ -145,16 +148,18 @@ public class InstancedMeshPool {
 
 		private BufferedMesh(Mesh mesh, long byteIndex, EboCache eboCache) {
 			this.mesh = mesh;
+			vertexCount = mesh.vertexCount();
+			byteSize = vertexCount * InternalVertex.LAYOUT.getStride();
 			this.byteIndex = byteIndex;
 			this.ebo = eboCache.get(mesh.indexSequence(), mesh.indexCount());
 		}
 
-		public int size() {
-			return mesh.vertexCount() * InternalLayout.LAYOUT.getStride();
+		public int vertexCount() {
+			return vertexCount;
 		}
 
-		public int getAttributeCount() {
-			return InternalLayout.LAYOUT.getAttributeCount();
+		public int size() {
+			return byteSize;
 		}
 
 		public boolean isDeleted() {
@@ -165,10 +170,20 @@ public class InstancedMeshPool {
 			return mesh.isEmpty() || isDeleted();
 		}
 
+		private void write(long ptr, VertexView vertexView) {
+			if (isEmpty()) {
+				return;
+			}
+
+			vertexView.ptr(ptr + byteIndex);
+			vertexView.vertexCount(vertexCount);
+			mesh.write(vertexView);
+		}
+
 		public void setup(GlVertexArray vao) {
 			if (boundTo.add(vao)) {
-				vao.bindVertexBuffer(0, InstancedMeshPool.this.vbo.handle(), byteIndex, InternalLayout.LAYOUT.getStride());
-				vao.bindAttributes(0, 0, InternalLayout.LAYOUT.attributes());
+				vao.bindVertexBuffer(0, InstancedMeshPool.this.vbo.handle(), byteIndex, InternalVertex.LAYOUT.getStride());
+				vao.bindAttributes(0, 0, InternalVertex.LAYOUT.attributes());
 				vao.setElementBuffer(ebo);
 			}
 		}
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/extension/VertexFormatExtension.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/extension/VertexFormatExtension.java
index da75aed46..6bdcf7d42 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/extension/VertexFormatExtension.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/extension/VertexFormatExtension.java
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 package com.jozufozu.flywheel.extension;
 
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexListProvider;
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexViewProvider;
 import com.mojang.blaze3d.vertex.VertexFormat;
 
 /**
@@ -11,9 +11,9 @@ import com.mojang.blaze3d.vertex.VertexFormat;
 public interface VertexFormatExtension {
 
 	/**
-	 * @return The VertexListProvider associated with this VertexFormat.
+	 * @return The VertexViewProvider associated with this VertexFormat.
 	 */
-	VertexListProvider flywheel$getVertexListProvider();
+	VertexViewProvider flywheel$getVertexViewProvider();
 
-	void flywheel$setVertexListProvider(VertexListProvider provider);
+	void flywheel$setVertexViewProvider(VertexViewProvider provider);
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/impl/vertex/InferredVertexListProviderImpl.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/impl/vertex/InferredVertexListProviderImpl.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 33a6a92d8..000000000
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/impl/vertex/InferredVertexListProviderImpl.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-package com.jozufozu.flywheel.impl.vertex;
-
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.ReusableVertexList;
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexListProvider;
-import com.mojang.blaze3d.vertex.VertexFormat;
-
-public class InferredVertexListProviderImpl implements VertexListProvider {
-	private final InferredVertexFormatInfo formatInfo;
-
-	public InferredVertexListProviderImpl(VertexFormat format) {
-		formatInfo = new InferredVertexFormatInfo(format);
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public ReusableVertexList createVertexList() {
-		return new InferredVertexListImpl(formatInfo);
-	}
-}
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/impl/vertex/InferredVertexListImpl.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/impl/vertex/InferredVertexView.java
similarity index 94%
rename from src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/impl/vertex/InferredVertexListImpl.java
rename to src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/impl/vertex/InferredVertexView.java
index a91805349..478f75f4d 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/impl/vertex/InferredVertexListImpl.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/impl/vertex/InferredVertexView.java
@@ -2,15 +2,15 @@ package com.jozufozu.flywheel.impl.vertex;
 
 import org.lwjgl.system.MemoryUtil;
 
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.ReusableVertexList;
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexView;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.math.RenderMath;
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.vertex.AbstractVertexList;
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.vertex.AbstractVertexView;
 import com.mojang.blaze3d.vertex.VertexFormat;
 
 import net.minecraft.client.renderer.LightTexture;
 import net.minecraft.client.renderer.texture.OverlayTexture;
 
-public class InferredVertexListImpl extends AbstractVertexList implements ReusableVertexList {
+public class InferredVertexView extends AbstractVertexView implements VertexView {
 	protected final VertexFormat format;
 	protected final int stride;
 
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ public class InferredVertexListImpl extends AbstractVertexList implements Reusab
 	protected final int lightOffset;
 	protected final int normalOffset;
 
-	public InferredVertexListImpl(InferredVertexFormatInfo formatInfo) {
+	public InferredVertexView(InferredVertexFormatInfo formatInfo) {
 		format = formatInfo.format;
 		stride = format.getVertexSize();
 		positionOffset = formatInfo.positionOffset;
@@ -32,6 +32,11 @@ public class InferredVertexListImpl extends AbstractVertexList implements Reusab
 		normalOffset = formatInfo.normalOffset;
 	}
 
+	@Override
+	public long stride() {
+		return stride;
+	}
+
 	@Override
 	public float x(int index) {
 		if (positionOffset < 0) return 0;
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/impl/vertex/InferredVertexViewProvider.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/impl/vertex/InferredVertexViewProvider.java
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ea4ce9fec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/impl/vertex/InferredVertexViewProvider.java
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+package com.jozufozu.flywheel.impl.vertex;
+
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexView;
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexViewProvider;
+import com.mojang.blaze3d.vertex.VertexFormat;
+
+public class InferredVertexViewProvider implements VertexViewProvider {
+	private final InferredVertexFormatInfo formatInfo;
+
+	public InferredVertexViewProvider(VertexFormat format) {
+		formatInfo = new InferredVertexFormatInfo(format);
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public VertexView createVertexView() {
+		return new InferredVertexView(formatInfo);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/impl/vertex/VertexListProviderRegistryImpl.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/impl/vertex/VertexListProviderRegistryImpl.java
index ee3245ce8..b9575fd3e 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/impl/vertex/VertexListProviderRegistryImpl.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/impl/vertex/VertexListProviderRegistryImpl.java
@@ -1,23 +1,23 @@
 package com.jozufozu.flywheel.impl.vertex;
 
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexListProvider;
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexViewProvider;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.extension.VertexFormatExtension;
 import com.mojang.blaze3d.vertex.VertexFormat;
 
 // TODO: Add freezing
 public final class VertexListProviderRegistryImpl {
-	public static VertexListProvider getProvider(VertexFormat format) {
+	public static VertexViewProvider getProvider(VertexFormat format) {
 		VertexFormatExtension extension = (VertexFormatExtension) format;
-		VertexListProvider provider = extension.flywheel$getVertexListProvider();
+		VertexViewProvider provider = extension.flywheel$getVertexViewProvider();
 		if (provider == null) {
-			provider = new InferredVertexListProviderImpl(format);
-			extension.flywheel$setVertexListProvider(provider);
+			provider = new InferredVertexViewProvider(format);
+			extension.flywheel$setVertexViewProvider(provider);
 		}
 		return provider;
 	}
 
-	public static void setProvider(VertexFormat format, VertexListProvider provider) {
-		((VertexFormatExtension) format).flywheel$setVertexListProvider(provider);
+	public static void setProvider(VertexFormat format, VertexViewProvider provider) {
+		((VertexFormatExtension) format).flywheel$setVertexViewProvider(provider);
 	}
 
 	private VertexListProviderRegistryImpl() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/model/ModelUtil.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/model/ModelUtil.java
index e726e4527..b1d22edcf 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/model/ModelUtil.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/model/ModelUtil.java
@@ -12,13 +12,12 @@ import com.dreizak.miniball.highdim.Miniball;
 import com.dreizak.miniball.model.PointSet;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.material.Material;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.model.Mesh;
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.ReusableVertexList;
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexView;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexList;
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexListProviderRegistry;
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexType;
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexViewProviderRegistry;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.material.Materials;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.memory.MemoryBlock;
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.vertex.PositionOnlyVertexList;
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.vertex.PosVertexView;
 import com.mojang.blaze3d.vertex.BufferBuilder;
 import com.mojang.blaze3d.vertex.BufferBuilder.DrawState;
 import com.mojang.blaze3d.vertex.VertexFormat;
@@ -58,24 +57,23 @@ public final class ModelUtil {
 		return dispatcher;
 	}
 
-	public static MemoryBlock convertVanillaBuffer(BufferBuilder.RenderedBuffer buffer, VertexType vertexType) {
+	public static MemoryBlock convertVanillaBuffer(BufferBuilder.RenderedBuffer buffer, VertexView vertexView) {
 		DrawState drawState = buffer.drawState();
 		int vertexCount = drawState.vertexCount();
 		VertexFormat srcFormat = drawState.format();
 
 		ByteBuffer src = buffer.vertexBuffer();
-		MemoryBlock dst = MemoryBlock.malloc((long) vertexCount * vertexType.getStride());
+		MemoryBlock dst = MemoryBlock.malloc((long) vertexCount * vertexView.stride());
 		long srcPtr = MemoryUtil.memAddress(src);
 		long dstPtr = dst.ptr();
 
-		ReusableVertexList srcList = VertexListProviderRegistry.getProvider(srcFormat).createVertexList();
-		ReusableVertexList dstList = vertexType.createVertexList();
-		srcList.ptr(srcPtr);
-		dstList.ptr(dstPtr);
-		srcList.vertexCount(vertexCount);
-		dstList.vertexCount(vertexCount);
+		VertexView srcView = VertexViewProviderRegistry.getProvider(srcFormat).createVertexView();
+		srcView.ptr(srcPtr);
+		vertexView.ptr(dstPtr);
+		srcView.vertexCount(vertexCount);
+		vertexView.vertexCount(vertexCount);
 
-		srcList.writeAll(dstList);
+		srcView.writeAll(vertexView);
 
 		return dst;
 	}
@@ -110,12 +108,12 @@ public final class ModelUtil {
 
 	public static Vector4f computeBoundingSphere(Iterable<Mesh> meshes) {
 		int vertexCount = computeTotalVertexCount(meshes);
-		var block = MemoryBlock.malloc((long) vertexCount * PositionOnlyVertexList.STRIDE);
-		var vertexList = new PositionOnlyVertexList();
+		var block = MemoryBlock.malloc((long) vertexCount * PosVertexView.STRIDE);
+		var vertexList = new PosVertexView();
 
 		int baseVertex = 0;
 		for (Mesh mesh : meshes) {
-			vertexList.ptr(block.ptr() + (long) baseVertex * PositionOnlyVertexList.STRIDE);
+			vertexList.ptr(block.ptr() + (long) baseVertex * PosVertexView.STRIDE);
 			mesh.write(vertexList);
 			baseVertex += mesh.vertexCount();
 		}
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/model/SimpleMesh.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/model/SimpleMesh.java
index 76220bafb..fe3c24217 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/model/SimpleMesh.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/model/SimpleMesh.java
@@ -5,40 +5,37 @@ import org.joml.Vector4f;
 import org.joml.Vector4fc;
 
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.MutableVertexList;
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.ReusableVertexList;
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexType;
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexView;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.memory.MemoryBlock;
 
 public class SimpleMesh implements QuadMesh {
-	private final VertexType vertexType;
 	private final int vertexCount;
-	private final MemoryBlock data;
-	private final ReusableVertexList vertexList;
+	private final VertexView vertexView;
 	private final Vector4f boundingSphere;
+	private final MemoryBlock data;
 	@Nullable
 	private final String descriptor;
 
-	public SimpleMesh(VertexType vertexType, MemoryBlock data, @Nullable String descriptor) {
-		this.vertexType = vertexType;
+	public SimpleMesh(VertexView vertexView, MemoryBlock data, @Nullable String descriptor) {
+		this.vertexView = vertexView;
 		this.data = data;
 		this.descriptor = descriptor;
 
 		int bytes = (int) data.size();
-		int stride = vertexType.getStride();
+		int stride = (int) this.vertexView.stride();
 		if (bytes % stride != 0) {
 			throw new IllegalArgumentException("MemoryBlock contains non-whole amount of vertices!");
 		}
 		vertexCount = bytes / stride;
 
-		vertexList = this.vertexType.createVertexList();
-		vertexList.ptr(data.ptr());
-		vertexList.vertexCount(vertexCount);
+		this.vertexView.ptr(data.ptr());
+		this.vertexView.vertexCount(vertexCount);
 
-		boundingSphere = ModelUtil.computeBoundingSphere(vertexList);
+		boundingSphere = ModelUtil.computeBoundingSphere(vertexView);
 	}
 
-	public SimpleMesh(VertexType vertexType, MemoryBlock data) {
-		this(vertexType, data, null);
+	public SimpleMesh(VertexView vertexView, MemoryBlock data) {
+		this(vertexView, data, null);
 	}
 
 	@Override
@@ -48,7 +45,7 @@ public class SimpleMesh implements QuadMesh {
 
 	@Override
 	public void write(MutableVertexList dst) {
-		vertexList.writeAll(dst);
+		vertexView.writeAll(dst);
 	}
 
 	@Override
@@ -63,6 +60,6 @@ public class SimpleMesh implements QuadMesh {
 
 	@Override
 	public String toString() {
-		return "SimpleMesh{" + "vertexType=" + vertexType + ",vertexCount=" + vertexCount + ",descriptor={" + descriptor + "}" + "}";
+		return "SimpleMesh{" + "vertexCount=" + vertexCount + ",descriptor={" + descriptor + "}" + "}";
 	}
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/model/baked/BakedModelBuilder.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/model/baked/BakedModelBuilder.java
index 5725b57a5..414177ded 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/model/baked/BakedModelBuilder.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/model/baked/BakedModelBuilder.java
@@ -5,12 +5,13 @@ import java.util.function.BiFunction;
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.material.Material;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.model.Mesh;
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexView;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.memory.MemoryBlock;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.model.ModelUtil;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.model.SimpleMesh;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.model.baked.BakedModelBufferer.ResultConsumer;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.model.baked.BakedModelBufferer.ShadeSeparatedResultConsumer;
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.vertex.VertexTypes;
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.vertex.NoOverlayVertexView;
 import com.mojang.blaze3d.vertex.PoseStack;
 
 import net.minecraft.client.renderer.RenderType;
@@ -83,8 +84,9 @@ public class BakedModelBuilder {
 			ShadeSeparatedResultConsumer resultConsumer = (renderType, shaded, data) -> {
 				Material material = materialFunc.apply(renderType, shaded);
 				if (material != null) {
-					MemoryBlock meshData = ModelUtil.convertVanillaBuffer(data, VertexTypes.BLOCK);
-					meshMapBuilder.put(material, new SimpleMesh(VertexTypes.BLOCK, meshData, "source=BakedModelBuilder," + "bakedModel=" + bakedModel + ",renderType=" + renderType + ",shaded=" + shaded));
+					VertexView vertexView = new NoOverlayVertexView();
+					MemoryBlock meshData = ModelUtil.convertVanillaBuffer(data, vertexView);
+					meshMapBuilder.put(material, new SimpleMesh(vertexView, meshData, "source=BakedModelBuilder," + "bakedModel=" + bakedModel + ",renderType=" + renderType + ",shaded=" + shaded));
 				}
 			};
 			BakedModelBufferer.bufferSingleShadeSeparated(ModelUtil.VANILLA_RENDERER.getModelRenderer(), renderWorld, bakedModel, blockState, poseStack, modelData, resultConsumer);
@@ -92,8 +94,9 @@ public class BakedModelBuilder {
 			ResultConsumer resultConsumer = (renderType, data) -> {
 				Material material = materialFunc.apply(renderType, true);
 				if (material != null) {
-					MemoryBlock meshData = ModelUtil.convertVanillaBuffer(data, VertexTypes.BLOCK);
-					meshMapBuilder.put(material, new SimpleMesh(VertexTypes.BLOCK, meshData, "source=BakedModelBuilder," + "bakedModel=" + bakedModel + ",renderType=" + renderType));
+					VertexView vertexView = new NoOverlayVertexView();
+					MemoryBlock meshData = ModelUtil.convertVanillaBuffer(data, vertexView);
+					meshMapBuilder.put(material, new SimpleMesh(vertexView, meshData, "source=BakedModelBuilder," + "bakedModel=" + bakedModel + ",renderType=" + renderType));
 				}
 			};
 			BakedModelBufferer.bufferSingle(ModelUtil.VANILLA_RENDERER.getModelRenderer(), renderWorld, bakedModel, blockState, poseStack, modelData, resultConsumer);
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/model/baked/BlockModelBuilder.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/model/baked/BlockModelBuilder.java
index 0f54b5362..a122a748c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/model/baked/BlockModelBuilder.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/model/baked/BlockModelBuilder.java
@@ -5,12 +5,13 @@ import java.util.function.BiFunction;
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.material.Material;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.model.Mesh;
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexView;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.memory.MemoryBlock;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.model.ModelUtil;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.model.SimpleMesh;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.model.baked.BakedModelBufferer.ResultConsumer;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.model.baked.BakedModelBufferer.ShadeSeparatedResultConsumer;
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.vertex.VertexTypes;
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.vertex.NoOverlayVertexView;
 import com.mojang.blaze3d.vertex.PoseStack;
 
 import net.minecraft.client.renderer.RenderType;
@@ -72,8 +73,9 @@ public class BlockModelBuilder {
 			ShadeSeparatedResultConsumer resultConsumer = (renderType, shaded, data) -> {
 				Material material = materialFunc.apply(renderType, shaded);
 				if (material != null) {
-					MemoryBlock meshData = ModelUtil.convertVanillaBuffer(data, VertexTypes.BLOCK);
-					meshMapBuilder.put(material, new SimpleMesh(VertexTypes.BLOCK, meshData, "source=BlockModelBuilder," + "blockState=" + state + ",renderType=" + renderType + ",shaded=" + shaded));
+					VertexView vertexView = new NoOverlayVertexView();
+					MemoryBlock meshData = ModelUtil.convertVanillaBuffer(data, vertexView);
+					meshMapBuilder.put(material, new SimpleMesh(vertexView, meshData, "source=BlockModelBuilder," + "blockState=" + state + ",renderType=" + renderType + ",shaded=" + shaded));
 				}
 			};
 			BakedModelBufferer.bufferBlockShadeSeparated(ModelUtil.VANILLA_RENDERER, renderWorld, state, poseStack, modelData, resultConsumer);
@@ -81,8 +83,9 @@ public class BlockModelBuilder {
 			ResultConsumer resultConsumer = (renderType, data) -> {
 				Material material = materialFunc.apply(renderType, true);
 				if (material != null) {
-					MemoryBlock meshData = ModelUtil.convertVanillaBuffer(data, VertexTypes.BLOCK);
-					meshMapBuilder.put(material, new SimpleMesh(VertexTypes.BLOCK, meshData, "source=BlockModelBuilder," + "blockState=" + state + ",renderType=" + renderType));
+					VertexView vertexView = new NoOverlayVertexView();
+					MemoryBlock meshData = ModelUtil.convertVanillaBuffer(data, vertexView);
+					meshMapBuilder.put(material, new SimpleMesh(vertexView, meshData, "source=BlockModelBuilder," + "blockState=" + state + ",renderType=" + renderType));
 				}
 			};
 			BakedModelBufferer.bufferBlock(ModelUtil.VANILLA_RENDERER, renderWorld, state, poseStack, modelData, resultConsumer);
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/model/baked/MultiBlockModelBuilder.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/model/baked/MultiBlockModelBuilder.java
index 294a6c19b..e57f30c70 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/model/baked/MultiBlockModelBuilder.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/model/baked/MultiBlockModelBuilder.java
@@ -8,12 +8,13 @@ import java.util.function.BiFunction;
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.material.Material;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.model.Mesh;
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexView;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.memory.MemoryBlock;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.model.ModelUtil;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.model.SimpleMesh;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.model.baked.BakedModelBufferer.ResultConsumer;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.model.baked.BakedModelBufferer.ShadeSeparatedResultConsumer;
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.vertex.VertexTypes;
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.vertex.NoOverlayVertexView;
 import com.mojang.blaze3d.vertex.PoseStack;
 
 import net.minecraft.client.renderer.RenderType;
@@ -76,8 +77,9 @@ public class MultiBlockModelBuilder {
 			ShadeSeparatedResultConsumer resultConsumer = (renderType, shaded, data) -> {
 				Material material = materialFunc.apply(renderType, shaded);
 				if (material != null) {
-					MemoryBlock meshData = ModelUtil.convertVanillaBuffer(data, VertexTypes.BLOCK);
-					meshMapBuilder.put(material, new SimpleMesh(VertexTypes.BLOCK, meshData, "source=MultiBlockModelBuilder," + "renderType=" + renderType + ",shaded=" + shaded));
+					VertexView vertexView = new NoOverlayVertexView();
+					MemoryBlock meshData = ModelUtil.convertVanillaBuffer(data, vertexView);
+					meshMapBuilder.put(material, new SimpleMesh(vertexView, meshData, "source=MultiBlockModelBuilder," + "renderType=" + renderType + ",shaded=" + shaded));
 				}
 			};
 			BakedModelBufferer.bufferMultiBlockShadeSeparated(blocks, ModelUtil.VANILLA_RENDERER, renderWorld, poseStack, modelDataMap, resultConsumer);
@@ -85,8 +87,9 @@ public class MultiBlockModelBuilder {
 			ResultConsumer resultConsumer = (renderType, data) -> {
 				Material material = materialFunc.apply(renderType, true);
 				if (material != null) {
-					MemoryBlock meshData = ModelUtil.convertVanillaBuffer(data, VertexTypes.BLOCK);
-					meshMapBuilder.put(material, new SimpleMesh(VertexTypes.BLOCK, meshData, "source=MultiBlockModelBuilder," + "renderType=" + renderType));
+					VertexView vertexView = new NoOverlayVertexView();
+					MemoryBlock meshData = ModelUtil.convertVanillaBuffer(data, vertexView);
+					meshMapBuilder.put(material, new SimpleMesh(vertexView, meshData, "source=MultiBlockModelBuilder," + "renderType=" + renderType));
 				}
 			};
 			BakedModelBufferer.bufferMultiBlock(blocks, ModelUtil.VANILLA_RENDERER, renderWorld, poseStack, modelDataMap, resultConsumer);
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/model/part/ModelPartConverter.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/model/part/ModelPartConverter.java
index 88d86ed6a..b274c3d8b 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/model/part/ModelPartConverter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/model/part/ModelPartConverter.java
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import org.joml.Vector2f;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.model.Mesh;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.memory.MemoryBlock;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.model.SimpleMesh;
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.vertex.VertexTypes;
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.vertex.PosTexNormalVertexView;
 import com.mojang.blaze3d.vertex.PoseStack;
 
 import net.minecraft.client.Minecraft;
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ public final class ModelPartConverter {
 		vertexWriter.setTextureMapper(textureMapper);
 		modelPart.render(poseStack, vertexWriter, LightTexture.FULL_BRIGHT, OverlayTexture.NO_OVERLAY);
 		MemoryBlock data = vertexWriter.copyDataAndReset();
-		return new SimpleMesh(VertexTypes.POS_TEX_NORMAL, data, "source=ModelPartConverter");
+		return new SimpleMesh(new PosTexNormalVertexView(), data, "source=ModelPartConverter");
 	}
 
 	public static Mesh convert(ModelLayerLocation layer, @Nullable TextureAtlasSprite sprite, String... childPath) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/model/part/VertexWriter.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/model/part/VertexWriter.java
index 2ede91c56..543b33ae6 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/model/part/VertexWriter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/model/part/VertexWriter.java
@@ -4,16 +4,14 @@ import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
 import org.joml.Vector2f;
 import org.lwjgl.system.MemoryUtil;
 
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexType;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.math.RenderMath;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.memory.MemoryBlock;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.model.part.ModelPartConverter.TextureMapper;
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.vertex.VertexTypes;
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.vertex.PosTexNormalVertexView;
 import com.mojang.blaze3d.vertex.VertexConsumer;
 
 class VertexWriter implements VertexConsumer {
-	private static final VertexType VERTEX_TYPE = VertexTypes.POS_TEX_NORMAL;
-	private static final int STRIDE = VERTEX_TYPE.getStride();
+	private static final int STRIDE = (int) PosTexNormalVertexView.STRIDE;
 	private static final int GROWTH_MARGIN = 128 * STRIDE;
 
 	private MemoryBlock data;
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/AbstractVertexList.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/AbstractVertexList.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 99e9d7fd3..000000000
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/AbstractVertexList.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-package com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.vertex;
-
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.ReusableVertexList;
-
-public abstract class AbstractVertexList implements ReusableVertexList {
-	protected long ptr;
-	protected int vertexCount;
-
-	@Override
-	public long ptr() {
-		return ptr;
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public void ptr(long ptr) {
-		this.ptr = ptr;
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public int vertexCount() {
-		return vertexCount;
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public void vertexCount(int vertexCount) {
-		this.vertexCount = vertexCount;
-	}
-}
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/AbstractVertexView.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/AbstractVertexView.java
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..bf5367029
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/AbstractVertexView.java
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+package com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.vertex;
+
+import org.lwjgl.system.MemoryUtil;
+
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.MutableVertexList;
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexView;
+
+public abstract class AbstractVertexView implements VertexView {
+	protected long ptr;
+	protected int vertexCount;
+
+	@Override
+	public long ptr() {
+		return ptr;
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public void ptr(long ptr) {
+		this.ptr = ptr;
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public int vertexCount() {
+		return vertexCount;
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public void vertexCount(int vertexCount) {
+		this.vertexCount = vertexCount;
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public void write(MutableVertexList dst, int srcIndex, int dstIndex) {
+		if (dst.getClass() == getClass()) {
+			long stride = stride();
+			long dstPtr = ((AbstractVertexView) dst).ptr;
+			MemoryUtil.memCopy(ptr + srcIndex * stride, dstPtr + dstIndex * stride, stride);
+		} else {
+			VertexView.super.write(dst, srcIndex, dstIndex);
+		}
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public void write(MutableVertexList dst, int srcStartIndex, int dstStartIndex, int vertexCount) {
+		if (dst.getClass() == getClass()) {
+			long stride = stride();
+			long dstPtr = ((AbstractVertexView) dst).ptr;
+			MemoryUtil.memCopy(ptr + srcStartIndex * stride, dstPtr + dstStartIndex * stride, vertexCount * stride);
+		} else {
+			VertexView.super.write(dst, srcStartIndex, dstStartIndex, vertexCount);
+		}
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public void writeAll(MutableVertexList dst) {
+		if (dst.getClass() == getClass()) {
+			long stride = stride();
+			long dstPtr = ((AbstractVertexView) dst).ptr;
+			MemoryUtil.memCopy(ptr, dstPtr, Math.min(vertexCount, dst.vertexCount()) * stride);
+		} else {
+			VertexView.super.writeAll(dst);
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/BlockVertex.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/BlockVertex.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 9f16e570f..000000000
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/BlockVertex.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-package com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.vertex;
-
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.layout.BufferLayout;
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexType;
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.layout.CommonItems;
-
-public class BlockVertex implements VertexType {
-	public static final BufferLayout FORMAT = BufferLayout.builder()
-			.addItem(CommonItems.VEC3, "position")
-			.addItem(CommonItems.UNORM_4x8, "color")
-			.addItem(CommonItems.VEC2, "tex")
-			.addItem(CommonItems.LIGHT_COORD, "light")
-			.addItem(CommonItems.NORM_3x8, "normal")
-			.withPadding(1)
-			.build();
-
-	@Override
-	public int getStride() {
-		return FORMAT.getStride();
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public BlockVertexList createVertexList() {
-		return new BlockVertexList();
-	}
-}
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/EmptyVertexList.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/EmptyVertexList.java
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..685d34196
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/EmptyVertexList.java
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+package com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.vertex;
+
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.MutableVertexList;
+
+import net.minecraft.client.renderer.LightTexture;
+import net.minecraft.client.renderer.texture.OverlayTexture;
+
+public interface EmptyVertexList extends MutableVertexList {
+	@Override
+	default float x(int index) {
+		return 0.0f;
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	default float y(int index){
+		return 0.0f;
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	default float z(int index){
+		return 0.0f;
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	default float r(int index) {
+		return 1.0f;
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	default float g(int index) {
+		return 1.0f;
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	default float b(int index) {
+		return 1.0f;
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	default float a(int index) {
+		return 1.0f;
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	default float u(int index) {
+		return 0.0f;
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	default float v(int index) {
+		return 0.0f;
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	default int overlay(int index) {
+		return OverlayTexture.NO_OVERLAY;
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	default int light(int index) {
+		return LightTexture.FULL_BRIGHT;
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	default float normalX(int index) {
+		return 0.0f;
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	default float normalY(int index) {
+		return 1.0f;
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	default float normalZ(int index) {
+		return 0.0f;
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	default void x(int index, float x) {
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	default void y(int index, float y) {
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	default void z(int index, float z) {
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	default void r(int index, float r) {
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	default void g(int index, float g) {
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	default void b(int index, float b) {
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	default void a(int index, float a) {
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	default void u(int index, float u) {
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	default void v(int index, float v) {
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	default void overlay(int index, int overlay) {
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	default void light(int index, int light) {
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	default void normalX(int index, float normalX) {
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	default void normalY(int index, float normalY) {
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	default void normalZ(int index, float normalZ) {
+	}
+}
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/FullVertex.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/FullVertex.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 1623ccb1d..000000000
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/FullVertex.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-package com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.vertex;
-
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.layout.BufferLayout;
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexType;
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.layout.CommonItems;
-
-public class FullVertex implements VertexType {
-	public static final BufferLayout FORMAT = BufferLayout.builder()
-			.addItem(CommonItems.VEC3, "position")
-			.addItem(CommonItems.UNORM_4x8, "color")
-			.addItem(CommonItems.VEC2, "tex")
-			.addItem(CommonItems.LIGHT_COORD, "overlay")
-			.addItem(CommonItems.LIGHT_COORD, "light")
-			.addItem(CommonItems.NORM_3x8, "normal")
-			.withPadding(1)
-			.build();
-
-	@Override
-	public int getStride() {
-		return FORMAT.getStride();
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public FullVertexList createVertexList() {
-		return new FullVertexList();
-	}
-}
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/FullVertexList.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/FullVertexView.java
similarity index 73%
rename from src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/FullVertexList.java
rename to src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/FullVertexView.java
index 8417b0428..67e89be89 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/FullVertexList.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/FullVertexView.java
@@ -2,11 +2,15 @@ package com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.vertex;
 
 import org.lwjgl.system.MemoryUtil;
 
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.MutableVertexList;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.math.RenderMath;
 
-public class FullVertexList extends AbstractVertexList {
-	private static final long STRIDE = 36;
+public class FullVertexView extends AbstractVertexView {
+	public static final long STRIDE = 36;
+
+	@Override
+	public long stride() {
+		return STRIDE;
+	}
 
 	@Override
 	public float x(int index) {
@@ -60,7 +64,7 @@ public class FullVertexList extends AbstractVertexList {
 
 	@Override
 	public int light(int index) {
-		return MemoryUtil.memGetInt(ptr + index * STRIDE + 28) << 4;
+		return MemoryUtil.memGetInt(ptr + index * STRIDE + 28);
 	}
 
 	@Override
@@ -130,7 +134,7 @@ public class FullVertexList extends AbstractVertexList {
 
 	@Override
 	public void light(int index, int light) {
-		MemoryUtil.memPutInt(ptr + index * STRIDE + 28, light >> 4);
+		MemoryUtil.memPutInt(ptr + index * STRIDE + 28, light);
 	}
 
 	@Override
@@ -147,34 +151,4 @@ public class FullVertexList extends AbstractVertexList {
 	public void normalZ(int index, float normalZ) {
 		MemoryUtil.memPutByte(ptr + index * STRIDE + 34, RenderMath.nb(normalZ));
 	}
-
-	@Override
-	public void write(MutableVertexList dst, int srcIndex, int dstIndex) {
-		if (getClass() == dst.getClass()) {
-			long dstPtr = ((FullVertexList) dst).ptr;
-			MemoryUtil.memCopy(ptr + srcIndex * STRIDE, dstPtr + dstIndex * STRIDE, STRIDE);
-		} else {
-			super.write(dst, srcIndex, dstIndex);
-		}
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public void write(MutableVertexList dst, int srcStartIndex, int dstStartIndex, int vertexCount) {
-		if (getClass() == dst.getClass()) {
-			long dstPtr = ((FullVertexList) dst).ptr;
-			MemoryUtil.memCopy(ptr + srcStartIndex * STRIDE, dstPtr + dstStartIndex * STRIDE, vertexCount * STRIDE);
-		} else {
-			super.write(dst, srcStartIndex, dstStartIndex, vertexCount);
-		}
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public void writeAll(MutableVertexList dst) {
-		if (getClass() == dst.getClass()) {
-			long dstPtr = ((FullVertexList) dst).ptr;
-			MemoryUtil.memCopy(ptr, dstPtr, vertexCount * STRIDE);
-		} else {
-			super.writeAll(dst);
-		}
-	}
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/BlockVertexList.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/NoOverlayVertexView.java
similarity index 68%
rename from src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/BlockVertexList.java
rename to src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/NoOverlayVertexView.java
index db778a59a..6d6eefaf1 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/BlockVertexList.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/NoOverlayVertexView.java
@@ -2,13 +2,15 @@ package com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.vertex;
 
 import org.lwjgl.system.MemoryUtil;
 
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.MutableVertexList;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.math.RenderMath;
 
-import net.minecraft.client.renderer.texture.OverlayTexture;
+public class NoOverlayVertexView extends AbstractVertexView implements EmptyVertexList {
+	public static final long STRIDE = 31;
 
-public class BlockVertexList extends AbstractVertexList {
-	private static final long STRIDE = 32;
+	@Override
+	public long stride() {
+		return STRIDE;
+	}
 
 	@Override
 	public float x(int index) {
@@ -55,14 +57,9 @@ public class BlockVertexList extends AbstractVertexList {
 		return MemoryUtil.memGetFloat(ptr + index * STRIDE + 20);
 	}
 
-	@Override
-	public int overlay(int index) {
-		return OverlayTexture.NO_OVERLAY;
-	}
-
 	@Override
 	public int light(int index) {
-		return MemoryUtil.memGetInt(ptr + index * STRIDE + 24) << 4;
+		return MemoryUtil.memGetInt(ptr + index * STRIDE + 24);
 	}
 
 	@Override
@@ -125,13 +122,9 @@ public class BlockVertexList extends AbstractVertexList {
 		MemoryUtil.memPutFloat(ptr + index * STRIDE + 20, v);
 	}
 
-	@Override
-	public void overlay(int index, int overlay) {
-	}
-
 	@Override
 	public void light(int index, int light) {
-		MemoryUtil.memPutInt(ptr + index * STRIDE + 24, light >> 4);
+		MemoryUtil.memPutInt(ptr + index * STRIDE + 24, light);
 	}
 
 	@Override
@@ -148,34 +141,4 @@ public class BlockVertexList extends AbstractVertexList {
 	public void normalZ(int index, float normalZ) {
 		MemoryUtil.memPutByte(ptr + index * STRIDE + 30, RenderMath.nb(normalZ));
 	}
-
-	@Override
-	public void write(MutableVertexList dst, int srcIndex, int dstIndex) {
-		if (getClass() == dst.getClass()) {
-			long dstPtr = ((BlockVertexList) dst).ptr;
-			MemoryUtil.memCopy(ptr + srcIndex * STRIDE, dstPtr + dstIndex * STRIDE, STRIDE);
-		} else {
-			super.write(dst, srcIndex, dstIndex);
-		}
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public void write(MutableVertexList dst, int srcStartIndex, int dstStartIndex, int vertexCount) {
-		if (getClass() == dst.getClass()) {
-			long dstPtr = ((BlockVertexList) dst).ptr;
-			MemoryUtil.memCopy(ptr + srcStartIndex * STRIDE, dstPtr + dstStartIndex * STRIDE, vertexCount * STRIDE);
-		} else {
-			super.write(dst, srcStartIndex, dstStartIndex, vertexCount);
-		}
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public void writeAll(MutableVertexList dst) {
-		if (getClass() == dst.getClass()) {
-			long dstPtr = ((BlockVertexList) dst).ptr;
-			MemoryUtil.memCopy(ptr, dstPtr, vertexCount * STRIDE);
-		} else {
-			super.writeAll(dst);
-		}
-	}
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/PosTexNormalVertex.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/PosTexNormalVertex.java
deleted file mode 100644
index bf2343aad..000000000
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/PosTexNormalVertex.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-package com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.vertex;
-
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.layout.BufferLayout;
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexType;
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.layout.CommonItems;
-
-public class PosTexNormalVertex implements VertexType {
-	public static final BufferLayout FORMAT = BufferLayout.builder()
-			.addItem(CommonItems.VEC3, "position")
-			.addItem(CommonItems.VEC2, "tex")
-			.addItem(CommonItems.NORM_3x8, "normal")
-			.build();
-	@Override
-	public int getStride() {
-		return FORMAT.getStride();
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public PosTexNormalVertexList createVertexList() {
-		return new PosTexNormalVertexList();
-	}
-}
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/PosTexNormalVertexList.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/PosTexNormalVertexView.java
similarity index 50%
rename from src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/PosTexNormalVertexList.java
rename to src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/PosTexNormalVertexView.java
index 0300ced32..585689e54 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/PosTexNormalVertexList.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/PosTexNormalVertexView.java
@@ -2,14 +2,15 @@ package com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.vertex;
 
 import org.lwjgl.system.MemoryUtil;
 
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.MutableVertexList;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.math.RenderMath;
 
-import net.minecraft.client.renderer.LightTexture;
-import net.minecraft.client.renderer.texture.OverlayTexture;
+public class PosTexNormalVertexView extends AbstractVertexView implements EmptyVertexList {
+	public static final long STRIDE = 23;
 
-public class PosTexNormalVertexList extends AbstractVertexList {
-	private static final long STRIDE = 23;
+	@Override
+	public long stride() {
+		return STRIDE;
+	}
 
 	@Override
 	public float x(int index) {
@@ -26,26 +27,6 @@ public class PosTexNormalVertexList extends AbstractVertexList {
 		return MemoryUtil.memGetFloat(ptr + index * STRIDE + 8);
 	}
 
-	@Override
-	public float r(int index) {
-		return 1;
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public float g(int index) {
-		return 1;
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public float b(int index) {
-		return 1;
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public float a(int index) {
-		return 1;
-	}
-
 	@Override
 	public float u(int index) {
 		return MemoryUtil.memGetFloat(ptr + index * STRIDE + 12);
@@ -56,16 +37,6 @@ public class PosTexNormalVertexList extends AbstractVertexList {
 		return MemoryUtil.memGetFloat(ptr + index * STRIDE + 16);
 	}
 
-	@Override
-	public int overlay(int index) {
-		return OverlayTexture.NO_OVERLAY;
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public int light(int index) {
-		return LightTexture.FULL_BRIGHT;
-	}
-
 	@Override
 	public float normalX(int index) {
 		return RenderMath.f(MemoryUtil.memGetByte(ptr + index * STRIDE + 20));
@@ -96,22 +67,6 @@ public class PosTexNormalVertexList extends AbstractVertexList {
 		MemoryUtil.memPutFloat(ptr + index * STRIDE + 8, z);
 	}
 
-	@Override
-	public void r(int index, float r) {
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public void g(int index, float g) {
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public void b(int index, float b) {
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public void a(int index, float a) {
-	}
-
 	@Override
 	public void u(int index, float u) {
 		MemoryUtil.memPutFloat(ptr + index * STRIDE + 12, u);
@@ -122,14 +77,6 @@ public class PosTexNormalVertexList extends AbstractVertexList {
 		MemoryUtil.memPutFloat(ptr + index * STRIDE + 16, v);
 	}
 
-	@Override
-	public void overlay(int index, int overlay) {
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public void light(int index, int light) {
-	}
-
 	@Override
 	public void normalX(int index, float normalX) {
 		MemoryUtil.memPutByte(ptr + index * STRIDE + 20, RenderMath.nb(normalX));
@@ -144,34 +91,4 @@ public class PosTexNormalVertexList extends AbstractVertexList {
 	public void normalZ(int index, float normalZ) {
 		MemoryUtil.memPutByte(ptr + index * STRIDE + 22, RenderMath.nb(normalZ));
 	}
-
-	@Override
-	public void write(MutableVertexList dst, int srcIndex, int dstIndex) {
-		if (getClass() == dst.getClass()) {
-			long dstPtr = ((PosTexNormalVertexList) dst).ptr;
-			MemoryUtil.memCopy(ptr + srcIndex * STRIDE, dstPtr + dstIndex * STRIDE, STRIDE);
-		} else {
-			super.write(dst, srcIndex, dstIndex);
-		}
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public void write(MutableVertexList dst, int srcStartIndex, int dstStartIndex, int vertexCount) {
-		if (getClass() == dst.getClass()) {
-			long dstPtr = ((PosTexNormalVertexList) dst).ptr;
-			MemoryUtil.memCopy(ptr + srcStartIndex * STRIDE, dstPtr + dstStartIndex * STRIDE, vertexCount * STRIDE);
-		} else {
-			super.write(dst, srcStartIndex, dstStartIndex, vertexCount);
-		}
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public void writeAll(MutableVertexList dst) {
-		if (getClass() == dst.getClass()) {
-			long dstPtr = ((PosTexNormalVertexList) dst).ptr;
-			MemoryUtil.memCopy(ptr, dstPtr, vertexCount * STRIDE);
-		} else {
-			super.writeAll(dst);
-		}
-	}
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/PosVertexView.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/PosVertexView.java
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..94a7fcaac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/PosVertexView.java
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+package com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.vertex;
+
+import org.lwjgl.system.MemoryUtil;
+
+public class PosVertexView extends AbstractVertexView implements EmptyVertexList {
+	public static final long STRIDE = 12;
+
+	@Override
+	public long stride() {
+		return STRIDE;
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public float x(int index) {
+		return MemoryUtil.memGetFloat(ptr + index * STRIDE);
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public float y(int index) {
+		return MemoryUtil.memGetFloat(ptr + index * STRIDE + 4);
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public float z(int index) {
+		return MemoryUtil.memGetFloat(ptr + index * STRIDE + 8);
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public void x(int index, float x) {
+		MemoryUtil.memPutFloat(ptr + index * STRIDE, x);
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public void y(int index, float y) {
+		MemoryUtil.memPutFloat(ptr + index * STRIDE + 4, y);
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public void z(int index, float z) {
+		MemoryUtil.memPutFloat(ptr + index * STRIDE + 8, z);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/PositionOnlyVertexList.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/PositionOnlyVertexList.java
deleted file mode 100644
index e7850f0c3..000000000
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/PositionOnlyVertexList.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,171 +0,0 @@
-package com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.vertex;
-
-import org.lwjgl.system.MemoryUtil;
-
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.MutableVertexList;
-
-import net.minecraft.client.renderer.LightTexture;
-import net.minecraft.client.renderer.texture.OverlayTexture;
-
-public class PositionOnlyVertexList extends AbstractVertexList {
-	public static final int STRIDE = 12;
-
-	@Override
-	public float x(int index) {
-		return MemoryUtil.memGetFloat(ptr + (long) index * STRIDE);
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public float y(int index) {
-		return MemoryUtil.memGetFloat(ptr + (long) index * STRIDE + 4);
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public float z(int index) {
-		return MemoryUtil.memGetFloat(ptr + (long) index * STRIDE + 8);
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public float r(int index) {
-		return 1;
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public float g(int index) {
-		return 1;
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public float b(int index) {
-		return 1;
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public float a(int index) {
-		return 1;
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public float u(int index) {
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public float v(int index) {
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public int overlay(int index) {
-		return OverlayTexture.NO_OVERLAY;
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public int light(int index) {
-		return LightTexture.FULL_BRIGHT;
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public float normalX(int index) {
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public float normalY(int index) {
-		return 1;
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public float normalZ(int index) {
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public void x(int index, float x) {
-		MemoryUtil.memPutFloat(ptr + (long) index * STRIDE, x);
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public void y(int index, float y) {
-		MemoryUtil.memPutFloat(ptr + (long) index * STRIDE + 4, y);
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public void z(int index, float z) {
-		MemoryUtil.memPutFloat(ptr + (long) index * STRIDE + 8, z);
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public void r(int index, float r) {
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public void g(int index, float g) {
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public void b(int index, float b) {
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public void a(int index, float a) {
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public void u(int index, float u) {
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public void v(int index, float v) {
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public void overlay(int index, int overlay) {
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public void light(int index, int light) {
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public void normalX(int index, float normalX) {
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public void normalY(int index, float normalY) {
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public void normalZ(int index, float normalZ) {
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public void write(MutableVertexList dst, int srcIndex, int dstIndex) {
-		if (getClass() == dst.getClass()) {
-			long dstPtr = ((PositionOnlyVertexList) dst).ptr;
-			MemoryUtil.memCopy(ptr + srcIndex * STRIDE, dstPtr + dstIndex * STRIDE, STRIDE);
-		} else {
-			super.write(dst, srcIndex, dstIndex);
-		}
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public void write(MutableVertexList dst, int srcStartIndex, int dstStartIndex, int vertexCount) {
-		if (getClass() == dst.getClass()) {
-			long dstPtr = ((PositionOnlyVertexList) dst).ptr;
-			MemoryUtil.memCopy(ptr + srcStartIndex * STRIDE, dstPtr + dstStartIndex * STRIDE, vertexCount * STRIDE);
-		} else {
-			super.write(dst, srcStartIndex, dstStartIndex, vertexCount);
-		}
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public void writeAll(MutableVertexList dst) {
-		if (getClass() == dst.getClass()) {
-			long dstPtr = ((PositionOnlyVertexList) dst).ptr;
-			MemoryUtil.memCopy(ptr, dstPtr, vertexCount * STRIDE);
-		} else {
-			super.writeAll(dst);
-		}
-	}
-}
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/VertexTypes.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/VertexTypes.java
deleted file mode 100644
index f765b81c2..000000000
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/lib/vertex/VertexTypes.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-package com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.vertex;
-
-public final class VertexTypes {
-	public static final BlockVertex BLOCK = new BlockVertex();
-	public static final PosTexNormalVertex POS_TEX_NORMAL = new PosTexNormalVertex();
-	public static final FullVertex FULL = new FullVertex();
-
-	private VertexTypes() {
-	}
-}
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/mixin/VertexFormatMixin.java b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/mixin/VertexFormatMixin.java
index 2fa1f7510..b363e3816 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/mixin/VertexFormatMixin.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/jozufozu/flywheel/mixin/VertexFormatMixin.java
@@ -3,22 +3,22 @@ package com.jozufozu.flywheel.mixin;
 import org.spongepowered.asm.mixin.Mixin;
 import org.spongepowered.asm.mixin.Unique;
 
-import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexListProvider;
+import com.jozufozu.flywheel.api.vertex.VertexViewProvider;
 import com.jozufozu.flywheel.extension.VertexFormatExtension;
 import com.mojang.blaze3d.vertex.VertexFormat;
 
 @Mixin(VertexFormat.class)
 abstract class VertexFormatMixin implements VertexFormatExtension {
 	@Unique
-	private VertexListProvider flywheel$vertexListProvider;
+	private VertexViewProvider flywheel$vertexViewProvider;
 
 	@Override
-	public VertexListProvider flywheel$getVertexListProvider() {
-		return flywheel$vertexListProvider;
+	public VertexViewProvider flywheel$getVertexViewProvider() {
+		return flywheel$vertexViewProvider;
 	}
 
 	@Override
-	public void flywheel$setVertexListProvider(VertexListProvider provider) {
-		flywheel$vertexListProvider = provider;
+	public void flywheel$setVertexViewProvider(VertexViewProvider provider) {
+		flywheel$vertexViewProvider = provider;
 	}
 }
diff --git a/src/main/resources/assets/flywheel/flywheel/instance/oriented.vert b/src/main/resources/assets/flywheel/flywheel/instance/oriented.vert
index 660bb3992..86289f220 100644
--- a/src/main/resources/assets/flywheel/flywheel/instance/oriented.vert
+++ b/src/main/resources/assets/flywheel/flywheel/instance/oriented.vert
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "flywheel:util/quaternion.glsl"
 
+#ifdef COMPUTE_SHADER
 void flw_transformBoundingSphere(in FlwInstance i, inout vec3 center, inout float radius) {
     vec4 rotation = i.rotation;
     vec3 pivot = i.pivot;
@@ -7,10 +8,13 @@ void flw_transformBoundingSphere(in FlwInstance i, inout vec3 center, inout floa
 
     center = rotateVertexByQuat(center - pivot, rotation) + pivot + pos;
 }
+#endif
 
+#ifdef VERTEX_SHADER
 void flw_instanceVertex(in FlwInstance i) {
     flw_vertexPos = vec4(rotateVertexByQuat(flw_vertexPos.xyz - i.pivot, i.rotation) + i.pivot + i.position, 1.0);
     flw_vertexNormal = rotateVertexByQuat(flw_vertexNormal, i.rotation);
     flw_vertexColor = i.color;
     flw_vertexLight = i.light / 15.0;
 }
+#endif
diff --git a/src/main/resources/assets/flywheel/flywheel/instance/transformed.vert b/src/main/resources/assets/flywheel/flywheel/instance/transformed.vert
index f7a2d5c70..504c35275 100644
--- a/src/main/resources/assets/flywheel/flywheel/instance/transformed.vert
+++ b/src/main/resources/assets/flywheel/flywheel/instance/transformed.vert
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+#ifdef COMPUTE_SHADER
 void flw_transformBoundingSphere(in FlwInstance i, inout vec3 center, inout float radius) {
     mat4 pose = i.pose;
     center = (pose * vec4(center, 1.0)).xyz;
@@ -5,10 +6,13 @@ void flw_transformBoundingSphere(in FlwInstance i, inout vec3 center, inout floa
     float scale = max(length(pose[0].xyz), max(length(pose[1].xyz), length(pose[2].xyz)));
     radius *= scale;
 }
+#endif
 
+#ifdef VERTEX_SHADER
 void flw_instanceVertex(in FlwInstance i) {
     flw_vertexPos = i.pose * flw_vertexPos;
     flw_vertexNormal = i.normal * flw_vertexNormal;
     flw_vertexColor = i.color;
     flw_vertexLight = i.light / 15.0;
 }
+#endif
diff --git a/src/main/resources/assets/flywheel/flywheel/internal/indirect/cull.glsl b/src/main/resources/assets/flywheel/flywheel/internal/indirect/cull.glsl
index 01012c46d..8df09c308 100644
--- a/src/main/resources/assets/flywheel/flywheel/internal/indirect/cull.glsl
+++ b/src/main/resources/assets/flywheel/flywheel/internal/indirect/cull.glsl
@@ -4,21 +4,6 @@
 
 layout(local_size_x = _FLW_SUBGROUP_SIZE) in;
 
-// need to add stubs so the instance shader compiles.
-vec4 flw_vertexPos;
-vec4 flw_vertexColor;
-vec2 flw_vertexTexCoord;
-ivec2 flw_vertexOverlay;
-vec2 flw_vertexLight;
-vec3 flw_vertexNormal;
-float flw_distance;
-vec4 flw_var0;
-vec4 flw_var1;
-vec4 flw_var2;
-vec4 flw_var3;
-
-void flw_transformBoundingSphere(in FlwInstance i, inout vec3 center, inout float radius);
-
 layout(std430, binding = _FLW_OBJECT_BUFFER_BINDING) restrict readonly buffer ObjectBuffer {
     Object objects[];
 };
@@ -37,14 +22,14 @@ layout(std430, binding = _FLW_MODEL_BUFFER_BINDING) restrict buffer ModelBuffer
 // flywheel:uniform/flywheel.glsl
 // com.jozufozu.flywheel.lib.math.MatrixMath.writePackedFrustumPlanes
 // org.joml.FrustumIntersection.testSphere
-bool testSphere(vec3 center, float radius) {
+bool _flw_testSphere(vec3 center, float radius) {
     bvec4 xyInside = greaterThanEqual(fma(flywheel.planes.xyX, center.xxxx, fma(flywheel.planes.xyY, center.yyyy, fma(flywheel.planes.xyZ, center.zzzz, flywheel.planes.xyW))), -radius.xxxx);
     bvec2 zInside = greaterThanEqual(fma(flywheel.planes.zX, center.xx, fma(flywheel.planes.zY, center.yy, fma(flywheel.planes.zZ, center.zz, flywheel.planes.zW))), -radius.xx);
 
     return all(xyInside) && all(zInside);
 }
 
-bool isVisible(uint objectIndex, uint modelIndex) {
+bool _flw_isVisible(uint objectIndex, uint modelIndex) {
     BoundingSphere sphere = models[modelIndex].boundingSphere;
 
     vec3 center;
@@ -55,7 +40,7 @@ bool isVisible(uint objectIndex, uint modelIndex) {
 
     flw_transformBoundingSphere(instance, center, radius);
 
-    return testSphere(center, radius);
+    return _flw_testSphere(center, radius);
 }
 
 void main() {
@@ -67,7 +52,7 @@ void main() {
 
     uint modelIndex = objects[objectIndex].modelIndex;
 
-    if (isVisible(objectIndex, modelIndex)) {
+    if (_flw_isVisible(objectIndex, modelIndex)) {
         uint localIndex = atomicAdd(models[modelIndex].instanceCount, 1);
         uint targetIndex = models[modelIndex].baseInstance + localIndex;
         objectIndices[targetIndex] = objectIndex;
diff --git a/src/main/resources/assets/flywheel/flywheel/internal/indirect/main.vert b/src/main/resources/assets/flywheel/flywheel/internal/indirect/main.vert
index 2706b0cca..4bf056cbe 100644
--- a/src/main/resources/assets/flywheel/flywheel/internal/indirect/main.vert
+++ b/src/main/resources/assets/flywheel/flywheel/internal/indirect/main.vert
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 #include "flywheel:internal/diffuse.glsl"
 #include "flywheel:internal/fog_distance.glsl"
-#include "flywheel:internal/vertex_input.glsl"
 #include "flywheel:internal/packed_material.glsl"
 #include "flywheel:internal/indirect/buffers.glsl"
 #include "flywheel:internal/indirect/draw_command.glsl"
diff --git a/src/main/resources/assets/flywheel/flywheel/internal/instancing/main.vert b/src/main/resources/assets/flywheel/flywheel/internal/instancing/main.vert
index 5a5122ba0..2da982375 100644
--- a/src/main/resources/assets/flywheel/flywheel/internal/instancing/main.vert
+++ b/src/main/resources/assets/flywheel/flywheel/internal/instancing/main.vert
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 #include "flywheel:internal/diffuse.glsl"
 #include "flywheel:internal/fog_distance.glsl"
-#include "flywheel:internal/vertex_input.glsl"
 #include "flywheel:internal/packed_material.glsl"
 
 uniform uvec4 _flw_packedMaterial;
diff --git a/src/main/resources/assets/flywheel/flywheel/internal/vertex_input.glsl b/src/main/resources/assets/flywheel/flywheel/internal/vertex_input.glsl
deleted file mode 100644
index c95d6bdad..000000000
--- a/src/main/resources/assets/flywheel/flywheel/internal/vertex_input.glsl
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-layout(location = 0) in vec3 _flw_pos;
-layout(location = 1) in vec4 _flw_color;
-layout(location = 2) in vec2 _flw_texCoord;
-layout(location = 3) in ivec2 _flw_overlay;
-layout(location = 4) in ivec2 _flw_light;
-layout(location = 5) in vec3 _flw_normal;
-
-void _flw_layoutVertex() {
-    flw_vertexPos = vec4(_flw_pos, 1.0);
-    flw_vertexColor = _flw_color;
-    flw_vertexTexCoord = _flw_texCoord;
-    flw_vertexOverlay = _flw_overlay;
-    flw_vertexLight = _flw_light / 15.0;
-    flw_vertexNormal = _flw_normal;
-}
diff --git a/src/main/resources/assets/flywheel/flywheel/internal/vertex_input.vert b/src/main/resources/assets/flywheel/flywheel/internal/vertex_input.vert
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b4f0f5555
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/resources/assets/flywheel/flywheel/internal/vertex_input.vert
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+layout(location = 0) in vec3 _flw_a_pos;
+layout(location = 1) in vec4 _flw_a_color;
+layout(location = 2) in vec2 _flw_a_texCoord;
+layout(location = 3) in ivec2 _flw_a_overlay;
+layout(location = 4) in ivec2 _flw_a_light;
+layout(location = 5) in vec3 _flw_a_normal;
+
+void _flw_layoutVertex() {
+    flw_vertexPos = vec4(_flw_a_pos, 1.0);
+    flw_vertexColor = _flw_a_color;
+    flw_vertexTexCoord = _flw_a_texCoord;
+    flw_vertexOverlay = _flw_a_overlay;
+    flw_vertexLight = (_flw_a_light >> 4) / 15.0;
+    flw_vertexNormal = _flw_a_normal;
+}