nixos-mailserver/docs/rspamd-tuning.rst
2021-03-03 08:36:08 +00:00

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Tune spam filtering
===================
SNM comes with the `rspamd spam filtering system <https://rspamd.com/>`_
enabled by default. Although its out-of-the-box performance is good, you
can increase its efficiency by tuning its behaviour.
Auto-learning
~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Moving spam email to the Junk folder (and false-positives out of it) will
trigger an automatic training of the Bayesian filters, improving filtering
of future emails.
Train from existing folders
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
If you kept previous spam, you can train the filter from it. Note that the
`rspamd FAQ <https://rspamd.com/doc/faq.html#how-can-i-learn-messages>`_
indicates that *you should always learn both classes with almost equal
amount of messages to increase performance of the statistical engine.*
You can run the training in a root shell as follows:
.. code:: bash
# Path to the controller socket
export RSOCK="/var/run/rspamd/worker-controller.sock"
# Learn the Junk folder as spam
rspamc -h $RSOCK learn_spam /var/vmail/$DOMAIN/$USER/.Junk/cur/
# Learn the INBOX as ham
rspamc -h $RSOCK learn_ham /var/vmail/$DOMAIN/$USER/cur/
# Check that training was successful
rspamc -h $RSOCK stat | grep learned
Tune symbol weight
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The ``X-Spamd-Result`` header is automatically added to your emails, detailing
the scoring decisions. The `modules documentation <https://rspamd.com/doc/modules/>`_
details the meaning of each symbol. You can tune the weight if a symbol if needed.
.. code:: nix
services.rspamd.locals = {
"groups.conf".text = ''
symbols {
"FORGED_RECIPIENTS" { weight = 0; }
}'';
};
Tune action thresholds
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
After scoring the message, rspamd decides on an action based on configurable thresholds.
By default, rspamd will tell postfix to reject any message with a score higher than 15.
If you experience issues in scoring or want to stay on the safe side, you can disable
this behaviour by tuning the configuration. For example:
.. code:: nix
services.rspamd.extraConfig = ''
actions {
reject = null; # Disable rejects, default is 15
add_header = 6; # Add header when reaching this score
greylist = 4; # Apply greylisting when reaching this score
}
'';
Access the rspamd web UI
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Rspamd comes with `a web interface <https://rspamd.com/webui/>`_ that displays statistics
and history of past scans. **We do NOT recommend using it to change the configuration**
as doing so will override values from the configuration set in the previous sections.
The UI is served on the ``/var/run/rspamd/worker-controller.sock`` Unix socket. Here are
two ways to access it from your browser.
With ssh forwarding
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
For occasional access, the simplest way is to forward the socket to localhost and open
http://localhost:3333 in your browser.
.. code:: shell
ssh -L 3333:/run/rspamd/worker-controller.sock $HOSTNAME
With an nginx reverse-proxy
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
If you have a secured nginx reverse proxy set on the host, you can use it to expose the socket.
**Keep in mind the UI is unsecured by default, you need to setup an authentication scheme**, for
exemple with `basic auth <https://docs.nginx.com/nginx/admin-guide/security-controls/configuring-http-basic-authentication/>`_:
.. code:: nix
services.nginx.virtualHosts.rspamd = {
forceSSL = true;
enableACME = true;
basicAuthFile = "/basic/auth/hashes/file";
serverName = "rspamd.example.com";
locations = {
"/" = {
proxyPass = "http://unix:/run/rspamd/worker-controller.sock:/";
};
};
};