black tests

tests/aliases/test_source.py

@@ -11,7 +11,8 @@ def mockopen(xonsh_builtins, monkeypatch):
     @contextmanager
     def mocked_open(fpath, *args, **kwargs):
         yield MagicMock(read=lambda: fpath)
-    monkeypatch.setattr(builtins, 'open', mocked_open)
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(builtins, "open", mocked_open)
 
 
 def test_source_current_dir(mockopen, monkeypatch):
@@ -19,10 +20,11 @@ def test_source_current_dir(mockopen, monkeypatch):
 
     def mocked_execx(src, *args, **kwargs):
         checker.append(src.strip())
-    monkeypatch.setattr(builtins, 'execx', mocked_execx)
-    monkeypatch.setattr(os.path, 'isfile', lambda x: True)
-    source_alias(['foo', 'bar'])
-    assert checker == ['foo', 'bar']
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(builtins, "execx", mocked_execx)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(os.path, "isfile", lambda x: True)
+    source_alias(["foo", "bar"])
+    assert checker == ["foo", "bar"]
 
 
 def test_source_path(mockopen, monkeypatch):
@@ -30,9 +32,10 @@ def test_source_path(mockopen, monkeypatch):
 
     def mocked_execx(src, *args, **kwargs):
         checker.append(src.strip())
-    monkeypatch.setattr(builtins, 'execx', mocked_execx)
-    source_alias(['foo', 'bar'])
-    path_foo = os.path.join('tests', 'bin', 'foo')
-    path_bar = os.path.join('tests', 'bin', 'bar')
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(builtins, "execx", mocked_execx)
+    source_alias(["foo", "bar"])
+    path_foo = os.path.join("tests", "bin", "foo")
+    path_bar = os.path.join("tests", "bin", "bar")
     assert checker[0].endswith(path_foo)
     assert checker[1].endswith(path_bar)

tests/conftest.py

@@ -23,8 +23,10 @@ def source_path():
 @pytest.fixture
 def xonsh_execer(monkeypatch):
     """Initiate the Execer with a mocked nop `load_builtins`"""
-    monkeypatch.setattr('xonsh.built_ins.load_builtins.__code__',
-                        (lambda *args, **kwargs: None).__code__)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        "xonsh.built_ins.load_builtins.__code__",
+        (lambda *args, **kwargs: None).__code__,
+    )
     execer = Execer(unload=False)
     builtins.__xonsh_execer__ = execer
     return execer
@@ -46,7 +48,7 @@ def xonsh_builtins(xonsh_events):
     old_builtins = set(dir(builtins))
     builtins.__xonsh_env__ = DummyEnv()
     if ON_WINDOWS:
-        builtins.__xonsh_env__['PATHEXT'] = ['.EXE', '.BAT', '.CMD']
+        builtins.__xonsh_env__["PATHEXT"] = [".EXE", ".BAT", ".CMD"]
     builtins.__xonsh_ctx__ = {}
     builtins.__xonsh_shell__ = DummyShell()
     builtins.__xonsh_help__ = lambda x: x
@@ -84,8 +86,9 @@ if ON_WINDOWS:
     except ImportError:
         pass
     else:
+
         @pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
         def disable_win_unicode_console(monkeypatch):
             """ Disable win_unicode_console if it is present since it collides with
             pytests ouptput capture"""
-            monkeypatch.setattr(win_unicode_console, 'enable', lambda: None)
+            monkeypatch.setattr(win_unicode_console, "enable", lambda: None)

tests/test_aliases.py

@@ -16,38 +16,41 @@ from tools import skip_if_on_windows
 def cd(args, stdin=None):
     return args
 
-ALIASES = Aliases({'o': ['omg', 'lala']},
-                  color_ls=['ls', '--color=true'],
-                  ls="ls '-  -'",
-                  cd=cd,
-                  indirect_cd='cd ..')
+
+ALIASES = Aliases(
+    {"o": ["omg", "lala"]},
+    color_ls=["ls", "--color=true"],
+    ls="ls '-  -'",
+    cd=cd,
+    indirect_cd="cd ..",
+)
 RAW = ALIASES._raw
 
 
 def test_imports():
     expected = {
-        'o': ['omg', 'lala'],
-        'ls': ['ls', '-  -'],
-        'color_ls': ['ls', '--color=true'],
-        'cd': cd,
-        'indirect_cd': ['cd', '..']
+        "o": ["omg", "lala"],
+        "ls": ["ls", "-  -"],
+        "color_ls": ["ls", "--color=true"],
+        "cd": cd,
+        "indirect_cd": ["cd", ".."],
     }
     assert RAW == expected
 
 
 def test_eval_normal(xonsh_builtins):
-    assert ALIASES.get('o') ==  ['omg', 'lala']
+    assert ALIASES.get("o") == ["omg", "lala"]
 
 
 def test_eval_self_reference(xonsh_builtins):
-    assert ALIASES.get('ls') ==  ['ls', '-  -']
+    assert ALIASES.get("ls") == ["ls", "-  -"]
 
 
 def test_eval_recursive(xonsh_builtins):
-    assert ALIASES.get('color_ls') ==  ['ls', '-  -', '--color=true']
+    assert ALIASES.get("color_ls") == ["ls", "-  -", "--color=true"]
 
 
 @skip_if_on_windows
 def test_eval_recursive_callable_partial(xonsh_builtins):
-    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__ = Env(HOME=os.path.expanduser('~'))
-    assert ALIASES.get('indirect_cd')(['arg2', 'arg3']) == ['..', 'arg2', 'arg3']
+    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__ = Env(HOME=os.path.expanduser("~"))
+    assert ALIASES.get("indirect_cd")(["arg2", "arg3"]) == ["..", "arg2", "arg3"]

tests/test_ast.py

@@ -13,42 +13,44 @@ from tools import check_parse, nodes_equal
 def xonsh_execer_autouse(xonsh_execer):
     return xonsh_execer
 
+
 def test_gather_names_name():
-    node = Name(id='y', ctx=Store())
-    exp = {'y'}
+    node = Name(id="y", ctx=Store())
+    exp = {"y"}
     obs = ast.gather_names(node)
     assert exp == obs
 
 
 def test_gather_names_tuple():
-    node = Tuple(elts=[Name(id='y', ctx=Store()),
-                       Name(id='z', ctx=Store())])
-    exp = {'y', 'z'}
+    node = Tuple(elts=[Name(id="y", ctx=Store()), Name(id="z", ctx=Store())])
+    exp = {"y", "z"}
     obs = ast.gather_names(node)
     assert exp == obs
 
 
 def test_gather_load_store_names_tuple():
-    node = Tuple(elts=[Name(id='y', ctx=Store()),
-                       Name(id='z', ctx=Store())])
+    node = Tuple(elts=[Name(id="y", ctx=Store()), Name(id="z", ctx=Store())])
     lexp = set()
-    sexp = {'y', 'z'}
+    sexp = {"y", "z"}
     lobs, sobs = ast.gather_load_store_names(node)
     assert lexp == lobs
     assert sexp == sobs
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('line1', [
-    # this second line wil be transformed into a subprocess call
-    'x = 1',
-    # this second line wil be transformed into a subprocess call even though
-    # ls is defined.
-    'ls = 1',
-    # the second line wil be transformed still even though l exists.
-    'l = 1',
-])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "line1",
+    [
+        # this second line wil be transformed into a subprocess call
+        "x = 1",
+        # this second line wil be transformed into a subprocess call even though
+        # ls is defined.
+        "ls = 1",
+        # the second line wil be transformed still even though l exists.
+        "l = 1",
+    ],
+)
 def test_multilline_num(xonsh_builtins, line1):
-    code = line1 + '\nls -l\n'
+    code = line1 + "\nls -l\n"
     tree = check_parse(code)
     lsnode = tree.body[1]
     assert 2 == min_line(lsnode)
@@ -57,52 +59,55 @@ def test_multilline_num(xonsh_builtins, line1):
 
 def test_multilline_no_transform():
     # no subprocess transformations happen here since all variables are known
-    code = 'ls = 1\nl = 1\nls -l\n'
+    code = "ls = 1\nl = 1\nls -l\n"
     tree = check_parse(code)
     lsnode = tree.body[2]
     assert 3 == min_line(lsnode)
     assert isinstance(lsnode.value, BinOp)
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('inp', [
-"""def f():
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "inp",
+    [
+        """def f():
     if True:
         pass
 """,
-"""def f(x):
+        """def f(x):
     if x:
         pass
 """,
-"""def f(*args):
+        """def f(*args):
     if not args:
         pass
 """,
-"""def f(*, y):
+        """def f(*, y):
     if y:
         pass
 """,
-"""def f(**kwargs):
+        """def f(**kwargs):
     if not kwargs:
         pass
 """,
-"""def f(k=42):
+        """def f(k=42):
     if not k:
         pass
 """,
-"""def f(k=10, *, a, b=1, **kw):
+        """def f(k=10, *, a, b=1, **kw):
     if not kw and b:
         pass
 """,
-"""import os
+        """import os
 path = '/path/to/wakka'
 paths = []
 for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
     paths.extend(os.path.join(root, d) for d in dirs)
     paths.extend(os.path.join(root, f) for f in files)
 """,
-"""lambda x: x + 1
+        """lambda x: x + 1
 """,
-])
+    ],
+)
 def test_unmodified(inp):
     # Context sensitive parsing should not modify AST
     exp = pyast.parse(inp)

tests/test_base_shell.py

@@ -7,10 +7,12 @@ from xonsh.base_shell import BaseShell
 from xonsh.shell import transform_command
 
 
-def test_pwd_tracks_cwd(xonsh_builtins, xonsh_execer, tmpdir_factory, monkeypatch ):
+def test_pwd_tracks_cwd(xonsh_builtins, xonsh_execer, tmpdir_factory, monkeypatch):
     asubdir = str(tmpdir_factory.mktemp("asubdir"))
     cur_wd = os.getcwd()
-    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__ = Env(PWD=cur_wd, XONSH_CACHE_SCRIPTS=False, XONSH_CACHE_EVERYTHING=False)
+    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__ = Env(
+        PWD=cur_wd, XONSH_CACHE_SCRIPTS=False, XONSH_CACHE_EVERYTHING=False
+    )
 
     monkeypatch.setattr(xonsh_execer, "cacheall", False, raising=False)
     bc = BaseShell(xonsh_execer, None)
@@ -20,19 +22,23 @@ def test_pwd_tracks_cwd(xonsh_builtins, xonsh_execer, tmpdir_factory, monkeypatc
     bc.default('os.chdir(r"' + asubdir + '")')
 
     assert os.path.abspath(os.getcwd()) == os.path.abspath(asubdir)
-    assert os.path.abspath(os.getcwd()) == os.path.abspath(xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__['PWD'])
-    assert 'OLDPWD' in xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__
-    assert os.path.abspath(cur_wd) == os.path.abspath(xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__['OLDPWD'])
+    assert os.path.abspath(os.getcwd()) == os.path.abspath(
+        xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__["PWD"]
+    )
+    assert "OLDPWD" in xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__
+    assert os.path.abspath(cur_wd) == os.path.abspath(
+        xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__["OLDPWD"]
+    )
 
 
 def test_transform(xonsh_builtins):
     @xonsh_builtins.events.on_transform_command
     def spam2egg(cmd, **_):
-        if cmd == 'spam':
-            return 'egg'
+        if cmd == "spam":
+            return "egg"
         else:
             return cmd
 
-    assert transform_command('spam') == 'egg'
-    assert transform_command('egg') == 'egg'
-    assert transform_command('foo') == 'foo'
+    assert transform_command("spam") == "egg"
+    assert transform_command("egg") == "egg"
+    assert transform_command("foo") == "foo"

tests/test_bashisms.py

@@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
 """Tests bashisms xontrib."""
 import pytest
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('inp, exp', [
-    ('x = 42', 'x = 42'),
-    ('!!', 'ls'),
-    ])
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("inp, exp", [("x = 42", "x = 42"), ("!!", "ls")])
 def test_preproc(inp, exp, xonsh_builtins):
     """Test the bash preprocessor."""
     from xontrib.bashisms import bash_preproc
-    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_history__.inps = ['ls\n']
+
+    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_history__.inps = ["ls\n"]
     obs = bash_preproc(inp)
     assert exp == obs

tests/test_builtins.py

@@ -10,25 +10,37 @@ from ast import AST
 import pytest
 
 from xonsh import built_ins
-from xonsh.built_ins import reglob, pathsearch, helper, superhelper, \
-    ensure_list_of_strs, list_of_strs_or_callables, regexsearch, \
-    globsearch, expand_path, convert_macro_arg, in_macro_call, call_macro, \
-    enter_macro
+from xonsh.built_ins import (
+    reglob,
+    pathsearch,
+    helper,
+    superhelper,
+    ensure_list_of_strs,
+    list_of_strs_or_callables,
+    regexsearch,
+    globsearch,
+    expand_path,
+    convert_macro_arg,
+    in_macro_call,
+    call_macro,
+    enter_macro,
+)
 from xonsh.environ import Env
 
 from tools import skip_if_on_windows
 
 
-HOME_PATH = os.path.expanduser('~')
+HOME_PATH = os.path.expanduser("~")
 
 
 @pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
 def xonsh_execer_autouse(xonsh_execer):
     return xonsh_execer
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('testfile', reglob('test_.*'))
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("testfile", reglob("test_.*"))
 def test_reglob_tests(testfile):
-    assert (testfile.startswith('test_'))
+    assert testfile.startswith("test_")
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
@@ -41,252 +53,269 @@ def home_env(xonsh_builtins):
 @skip_if_on_windows
 def test_repath_backslash(home_env):
     exp = os.listdir(HOME_PATH)
-    exp = {p for p in exp if re.match(r'\w\w.*', p)}
+    exp = {p for p in exp if re.match(r"\w\w.*", p)}
     exp = {os.path.join(HOME_PATH, p) for p in exp}
-    obs = set(pathsearch(regexsearch, r'~/\w\w.*'))
-    assert exp ==  obs
+    obs = set(pathsearch(regexsearch, r"~/\w\w.*"))
+    assert exp == obs
 
 
 @skip_if_on_windows
 def test_repath_HOME_PATH_itself(home_env):
     exp = HOME_PATH
-    obs = pathsearch(regexsearch, '~')
-    assert 1 ==  len(obs)
-    assert exp ==  obs[0]
+    obs = pathsearch(regexsearch, "~")
+    assert 1 == len(obs)
+    assert exp == obs[0]
 
 
 @skip_if_on_windows
 def test_repath_HOME_PATH_contents(home_env):
     exp = os.listdir(HOME_PATH)
     exp = {os.path.join(HOME_PATH, p) for p in exp}
-    obs = set(pathsearch(regexsearch, '~/.*'))
-    assert exp ==  obs
+    obs = set(pathsearch(regexsearch, "~/.*"))
+    assert exp == obs
 
 
 @skip_if_on_windows
 def test_repath_HOME_PATH_var(home_env):
     exp = HOME_PATH
-    obs = pathsearch(regexsearch, '$HOME')
-    assert 1 ==  len(obs)
-    assert exp ==  obs[0]
+    obs = pathsearch(regexsearch, "$HOME")
+    assert 1 == len(obs)
+    assert exp == obs[0]
 
 
 @skip_if_on_windows
 def test_repath_HOME_PATH_var_brace(home_env):
     exp = HOME_PATH
     obs = pathsearch(regexsearch, '${"HOME"}')
-    assert 1 ==  len(obs)
-    assert exp ==  obs[0]
+    assert 1 == len(obs)
+    assert exp == obs[0]
 
 
 def test_helper_int(home_env):
-    helper(int, 'int')
+    helper(int, "int")
+
 
 def test_helper_helper(home_env):
-    helper(helper, 'helper')
+    helper(helper, "helper")
+
 
 def test_helper_env(home_env):
-    helper(Env, 'Env')
+    helper(Env, "Env")
+
 
 def test_superhelper_int(home_env):
-    superhelper(int, 'int')
+    superhelper(int, "int")
+
 
 def test_superhelper_helper(home_env):
-    superhelper(helper, 'helper')
+    superhelper(helper, "helper")
+
 
 def test_superhelper_env(home_env):
-    superhelper(Env, 'Env')
+    superhelper(Env, "Env")
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('exp, inp', [
-    (['yo'], 'yo'),
-    (['yo'], ['yo']),
-    (['42'], 42),
-    (['42'], [42])
-])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "exp, inp", [(["yo"], "yo"), (["yo"], ["yo"]), (["42"], 42), (["42"], [42])]
+)
 def test_ensure_list_of_strs(exp, inp):
     obs = ensure_list_of_strs(inp)
     assert exp == obs
 
 
 f = lambda x: 20
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('exp, inp', [
-    (['yo'], 'yo'),
-    (['yo'], ['yo']),
-    (['42'], 42),
-    (['42'], [42]),
-    ([f], f),
-    ([f], [f])
-])
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "exp, inp",
+    [
+        (["yo"], "yo"),
+        (["yo"], ["yo"]),
+        (["42"], 42),
+        (["42"], [42]),
+        ([f], f),
+        ([f], [f]),
+    ],
+)
 def test_list_of_strs_or_callables(exp, inp):
     obs = list_of_strs_or_callables(inp)
     assert exp == obs
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('s', [
-    '~',
-    '~/',
-    'x=~/place',
-    'x=one:~/place',
-    'x=one:~/place:~/yo',
-    'x=~/one:~/place:~/yo',
-    ])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "s",
+    [
+        "~",
+        "~/",
+        "x=~/place",
+        "x=one:~/place",
+        "x=one:~/place:~/yo",
+        "x=~/one:~/place:~/yo",
+    ],
+)
 def test_expand_path(s, home_env):
-    if os.sep != '/':
-        s = s.replace('/', os.sep)
-    if os.pathsep != ':':
-        s = s.replace(':', os.pathsep)
-    assert expand_path(s) == s.replace('~', HOME_PATH)
+    if os.sep != "/":
+        s = s.replace("/", os.sep)
+    if os.pathsep != ":":
+        s = s.replace(":", os.pathsep)
+    assert expand_path(s) == s.replace("~", HOME_PATH)
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('kind', [str, 's', 'S', 'str', 'string'])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("kind", [str, "s", "S", "str", "string"])
 def test_convert_macro_arg_str(kind):
-    raw_arg = 'value'
+    raw_arg = "value"
     arg = convert_macro_arg(raw_arg, kind, None, None)
     assert arg is raw_arg
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('kind', [AST, 'a', 'Ast'])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("kind", [AST, "a", "Ast"])
 def test_convert_macro_arg_ast(kind):
-    raw_arg = '42'
+    raw_arg = "42"
     arg = convert_macro_arg(raw_arg, kind, {}, None)
     assert isinstance(arg, AST)
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('kind', [types.CodeType, compile, 'c', 'code',
-                                  'compile'])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("kind", [types.CodeType, compile, "c", "code", "compile"])
 def test_convert_macro_arg_code(kind):
-    raw_arg = '42'
+    raw_arg = "42"
     arg = convert_macro_arg(raw_arg, kind, {}, None)
     assert isinstance(arg, types.CodeType)
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('kind', [eval, None, 'v', 'eval'])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("kind", [eval, None, "v", "eval"])
 def test_convert_macro_arg_eval(kind):
     # literals
-    raw_arg = '42'
+    raw_arg = "42"
     arg = convert_macro_arg(raw_arg, kind, {}, None)
     assert arg == 42
     # exprs
-    raw_arg = 'x + 41'
-    arg = convert_macro_arg(raw_arg, kind, {}, {'x': 1})
+    raw_arg = "x + 41"
+    arg = convert_macro_arg(raw_arg, kind, {}, {"x": 1})
     assert arg == 42
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('kind', [exec, 'x', 'exec'])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("kind", [exec, "x", "exec"])
 def test_convert_macro_arg_exec(kind):
     # at global scope
-    raw_arg = 'def f(x, y):\n    return x + y'
+    raw_arg = "def f(x, y):\n    return x + y"
     glbs = {}
     arg = convert_macro_arg(raw_arg, kind, glbs, None)
     assert arg is None
-    assert 'f' in glbs
-    assert glbs['f'](1, 41) == 42
+    assert "f" in glbs
+    assert glbs["f"](1, 41) == 42
     # at local scope
-    raw_arg = 'def g(z):\n    return x + z\ny += 42'
-    glbs = {'x': 40}
-    locs = {'y': 1}
+    raw_arg = "def g(z):\n    return x + z\ny += 42"
+    glbs = {"x": 40}
+    locs = {"y": 1}
     arg = convert_macro_arg(raw_arg, kind, glbs, locs)
     assert arg is None
-    assert 'g' in locs
-    assert locs['g'](1) == 41
-    assert 'y' in locs
-    assert locs['y'] == 43
+    assert "g" in locs
+    assert locs["g"](1) == 41
+    assert "y" in locs
+    assert locs["y"] == 43
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('kind', [type, 't', 'type'])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("kind", [type, "t", "type"])
 def test_convert_macro_arg_eval(kind):
     # literals
-    raw_arg = '42'
+    raw_arg = "42"
     arg = convert_macro_arg(raw_arg, kind, {}, None)
     assert arg is int
     # exprs
-    raw_arg = 'x + 41'
-    arg = convert_macro_arg(raw_arg, kind, {}, {'x': 1})
+    raw_arg = "x + 41"
+    arg = convert_macro_arg(raw_arg, kind, {}, {"x": 1})
     assert arg is int
 
 
 def test_in_macro_call():
     def f():
         pass
+
     with in_macro_call(f, True, True):
         assert f.macro_globals
         assert f.macro_locals
-    assert not hasattr(f, 'macro_globals')
-    assert not hasattr(f, 'macro_locals')
+    assert not hasattr(f, "macro_globals")
+    assert not hasattr(f, "macro_locals")
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('arg', ['x', '42', 'x + y'])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("arg", ["x", "42", "x + y"])
 def test_call_macro_str(arg):
-    def f(x : str):
+    def f(x: str):
         return x
+
     rtn = call_macro(f, [arg], None, None)
     assert rtn is arg
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('arg', ['x', '42', 'x + y'])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("arg", ["x", "42", "x + y"])
 def test_call_macro_ast(arg):
-    def f(x : AST):
+    def f(x: AST):
         return x
+
     rtn = call_macro(f, [arg], {}, None)
     assert isinstance(rtn, AST)
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('arg', ['x', '42', 'x + y'])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("arg", ["x", "42", "x + y"])
 def test_call_macro_code(arg):
-    def f(x : compile):
+    def f(x: compile):
         return x
+
     rtn = call_macro(f, [arg], {}, None)
     assert isinstance(rtn, types.CodeType)
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('arg', ['x', '42', 'x + y'])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("arg", ["x", "42", "x + y"])
 def test_call_macro_eval(arg):
-    def f(x : eval):
+    def f(x: eval):
         return x
-    rtn = call_macro(f, [arg], {'x': 42, 'y': 0}, None)
+
+    rtn = call_macro(f, [arg], {"x": 42, "y": 0}, None)
     assert rtn == 42
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('arg', ['if y:\n    pass',
-                                 'if 42:\n    pass',
-                                 'if x + y:\n    pass'])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "arg", ["if y:\n    pass", "if 42:\n    pass", "if x + y:\n    pass"]
+)
 def test_call_macro_exec(arg):
-    def f(x : exec):
+    def f(x: exec):
         return x
-    rtn = call_macro(f, [arg], {'x': 42, 'y': 0}, None)
+
+    rtn = call_macro(f, [arg], {"x": 42, "y": 0}, None)
     assert rtn is None
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('arg', ['x', '42', 'x + y'])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("arg", ["x", "42", "x + y"])
 def test_call_macro_raw_arg(arg):
-    def f(x : str):
+    def f(x: str):
         return x
-    rtn = call_macro(f, ['*', arg], {'x': 42, 'y': 0}, None)
+
+    rtn = call_macro(f, ["*", arg], {"x": 42, "y": 0}, None)
     assert rtn == 42
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('arg', ['x', '42', 'x + y'])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("arg", ["x", "42", "x + y"])
 def test_call_macro_raw_kwarg(arg):
-    def f(x : str):
+    def f(x: str):
         return x
-    rtn = call_macro(f, ['*', 'x=' + arg], {'x': 42, 'y': 0}, None)
+
+    rtn = call_macro(f, ["*", "x=" + arg], {"x": 42, "y": 0}, None)
     assert rtn == 42
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('arg', ['x', '42', 'x + y'])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("arg", ["x", "42", "x + y"])
 def test_call_macro_raw_kwargs(arg):
-    def f(x : str):
+    def f(x: str):
         return x
-    rtn = call_macro(f, ['*', '**{"x" :' + arg + '}'], {'x': 42, 'y': 0}, None)
+
+    rtn = call_macro(f, ["*", '**{"x" :' + arg + "}"], {"x": 42, "y": 0}, None)
     assert rtn == 42
 
 
 def test_enter_macro():
     obj = lambda: None
-    rtn = enter_macro(obj, 'wakka', True, True)
+    rtn = enter_macro(obj, "wakka", True, True)
     assert obj is rtn
-    assert obj.macro_block == 'wakka'
+    assert obj.macro_block == "wakka"
     assert obj.macro_globals
     assert obj.macro_locals
-

tests/test_commands_cache.py

@@ -3,85 +3,91 @@ import builtins
 
 import pytest
 
-from xonsh.commands_cache import (CommandsCache, predict_shell,
-                                  SHELL_PREDICTOR_PARSER, predict_true, predict_false)
+from xonsh.commands_cache import (
+    CommandsCache,
+    predict_shell,
+    SHELL_PREDICTOR_PARSER,
+    predict_true,
+    predict_false,
+)
 from tools import skip_if_on_windows
 
+
 def test_commands_cache_lazy(xonsh_builtins):
     cc = CommandsCache()
-    assert not cc.lazyin('xonsh')
+    assert not cc.lazyin("xonsh")
     assert 0 == len(list(cc.lazyiter()))
     assert 0 == cc.lazylen()
 
 
 TRUE_SHELL_ARGS = [
-    ['-c', 'yo'],
-    ['-c=yo'],
-    ['file'],
-    ['-i', '-l', 'file'],
-    ['-i', '-c', 'yo'],
-    ['-i', 'file'],
-    ['-i', '-c', 'yo', 'file'],
-    ]
+    ["-c", "yo"],
+    ["-c=yo"],
+    ["file"],
+    ["-i", "-l", "file"],
+    ["-i", "-c", "yo"],
+    ["-i", "file"],
+    ["-i", "-c", "yo", "file"],
+]
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('args', TRUE_SHELL_ARGS)
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("args", TRUE_SHELL_ARGS)
 def test_predict_shell_parser(args):
     ns, unknown = SHELL_PREDICTOR_PARSER.parse_known_args(args)
     if ns.filename is not None:
-        assert not ns.filename.startswith('-')
+        assert not ns.filename.startswith("-")
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('args', TRUE_SHELL_ARGS)
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("args", TRUE_SHELL_ARGS)
 def test_predict_shell_true(args):
     assert predict_shell(args)
 
 
-FALSE_SHELL_ARGS = [
-    [],
-    ['-c'],
-    ['-i'],
-    ['-i', '-l'],
-    ]
+FALSE_SHELL_ARGS = [[], ["-c"], ["-i"], ["-i", "-l"]]
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('args', FALSE_SHELL_ARGS)
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("args", FALSE_SHELL_ARGS)
 def test_predict_shell_false(args):
     assert not predict_shell(args)
 
 
 PATTERN_BIN_USING_TTY_OR_NOT = [
-    (False, {10: b'isnotatty'}),
-    (False, {12: b'isatty'}),
-    (False, {151: b'gpm'}),
-    (False, {10: b'isatty', 100: b'tcgetattr', }),
-    (False, {10: b'isatty', 100: b'tcsetattr'}),
-    (True, {10: b'isatty', 100: b'tcsetattr', 1000: b'tcgetattr'}),
-    (True, {1000: b'libncurses'}),
-    (True, {4094: b'libgpm'}),
-    (True, {2045: b'tcgetattr', 4095: b'tcgetattr', 6140: b'tcsetattr',
-            8190: b'isatty'}),
+    (False, {10: b"isnotatty"}),
+    (False, {12: b"isatty"}),
+    (False, {151: b"gpm"}),
+    (False, {10: b"isatty", 100: b"tcgetattr"}),
+    (False, {10: b"isatty", 100: b"tcsetattr"}),
+    (True, {10: b"isatty", 100: b"tcsetattr", 1000: b"tcgetattr"}),
+    (True, {1000: b"libncurses"}),
+    (True, {4094: b"libgpm"}),
+    (
+        True,
+        {2045: b"tcgetattr", 4095: b"tcgetattr", 6140: b"tcsetattr", 8190: b"isatty"},
+    ),
 ]
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('args', PATTERN_BIN_USING_TTY_OR_NOT)
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("args", PATTERN_BIN_USING_TTY_OR_NOT)
 @skip_if_on_windows
 def test_commands_cache_predictor_default(args):
     cc = CommandsCache()
     use_tty, patterns = args
-    f = open('testfile', 'wb')
+    f = open("testfile", "wb")
     where = list(patterns.keys())
     where.sort()
 
     pos = 0
     for w in where:
-        f.write(b'\x20' * (w - pos))
+        f.write(b"\x20" * (w - pos))
         f.write(patterns[w])
         pos = w + len(patterns[w])
 
-    f.write(b'\x20' * (pos // 2))
+    f.write(b"\x20" * (pos // 2))
     f.close()
 
-    result = cc.default_predictor_readbin('', os.getcwd() + os.sep + 'testfile',
-                                          timeout=1, failure=None)
+    result = cc.default_predictor_readbin(
+        "", os.getcwd() + os.sep + "testfile", timeout=1, failure=None
+    )
     expected = predict_false if use_tty else predict_true
     assert result == expected
 
@@ -89,25 +95,25 @@ def test_commands_cache_predictor_default(args):
 @skip_if_on_windows
 def test_cd_is_only_functional_alias(xonsh_builtins):
     cc = CommandsCache()
-    builtins.aliases['cd'] = lambda args: os.chdir(args[0])
-    assert cc.is_only_functional_alias('cd')
+    builtins.aliases["cd"] = lambda args: os.chdir(args[0])
+    assert cc.is_only_functional_alias("cd")
 
 
 def test_non_exist_is_only_functional_alias(xonsh_builtins):
     cc = CommandsCache()
-    assert not cc.is_only_functional_alias('<not really a command name>')
+    assert not cc.is_only_functional_alias("<not really a command name>")
 
 
 @skip_if_on_windows
 def test_bash_is_only_functional_alias(xonsh_builtins):
-    builtins.__xonsh_env__['PATH'] = os.environ['PATH'].split(os.pathsep)
+    builtins.__xonsh_env__["PATH"] = os.environ["PATH"].split(os.pathsep)
     cc = CommandsCache()
-    assert not cc.is_only_functional_alias('bash')
+    assert not cc.is_only_functional_alias("bash")
 
 
 @skip_if_on_windows
 def test_bash_and_is_alias_is_only_functional_alias(xonsh_builtins):
-    builtins.__xonsh_env__['PATH'] = os.environ['PATH'].split(os.pathsep)
+    builtins.__xonsh_env__["PATH"] = os.environ["PATH"].split(os.pathsep)
     cc = CommandsCache()
-    builtins.aliases['bash'] = lambda args: os.chdir(args[0])
-    assert not cc.is_only_functional_alias('bash')
+    builtins.aliases["bash"] = lambda args: os.chdir(args[0])
+    assert not cc.is_only_functional_alias("bash")

tests/test_contexts.py

@@ -11,31 +11,33 @@ import pytest
 def xonsh_execer_autouse(xonsh_builtins, xonsh_execer):
     return xonsh_execer
 
+
 #
 # helpers
 #
 
-X1_WITH = ('x = 1\n'
-           'with! Block() as b:\n')
-SIMPLE_WITH = 'with! Block() as b:\n'
-FUNC_WITH = ('x = 1\n'
-             'def func():\n'
-             '    y = 1\n'
-             '    with! Block() as b:\n'
-             '{body}'
-             '    y += 1\n'
-             '    return b\n'
-             'x += 1\n'
-             'rtn = func()\n'
-             'x += 1\n')
+X1_WITH = "x = 1\n" "with! Block() as b:\n"
+SIMPLE_WITH = "with! Block() as b:\n"
+FUNC_WITH = (
+    "x = 1\n"
+    "def func():\n"
+    "    y = 1\n"
+    "    with! Block() as b:\n"
+    "{body}"
+    "    y += 1\n"
+    "    return b\n"
+    "x += 1\n"
+    "rtn = func()\n"
+    "x += 1\n"
+)
 
-FUNC_OBSG = {'x': 3}
-FUNC_OBSL = {'y': 1}
+FUNC_OBSG = {"x": 3}
+FUNC_OBSL = {"y": 1}
 
 
 def norm_body(body):
     if not isinstance(body, str):
-        body = '\n'.join(body)
+        body = "\n".join(body)
     body = dedent(body)
     body = body.splitlines()
     return body
@@ -72,276 +74,248 @@ def block_checks_func(name, glbs, body, obsg=None, obsl=None):
 # Block tests
 #
 
+
 def test_block_noexec():
-    s = ('x = 1\n'
-         'with! Block():\n'
-         '    x += 42\n')
-    glbs = {'Block': Block}
+    s = "x = 1\n" "with! Block():\n" "    x += 42\n"
+    glbs = {"Block": Block}
     check_exec(s, glbs=glbs, locs=None)
-    assert 1 == glbs['x']
+    assert 1 == glbs["x"]
 
 
 def test_block_oneline():
-    body = '    x += 42\n'
+    body = "    x += 42\n"
     s = X1_WITH + body
-    glbs = {'Block': Block}
+    glbs = {"Block": Block}
     check_exec(s, glbs=glbs, locs=None)
-    block_checks_glb('b', glbs, body, {'x': 1})
+    block_checks_glb("b", glbs, body, {"x": 1})
 
 
 def test_block_manylines():
-    body = ('    ![echo wow mom]\n'
-            '# bad place for a comment\n'
-            '    x += 42')
+    body = "    ![echo wow mom]\n" "# bad place for a comment\n" "    x += 42"
     s = X1_WITH + body
-    glbs = {'Block': Block}
+    glbs = {"Block": Block}
     check_exec(s, glbs=glbs, locs=None)
-    block_checks_glb('b', glbs, body, {'x': 1})
+    block_checks_glb("b", glbs, body, {"x": 1})
 
 
 def test_block_leading_comment():
     # leading comments do not show up in block lines
-    body = ('    # I am a leading comment\n'
-            '    x += 42\n')
+    body = "    # I am a leading comment\n" "    x += 42\n"
     s = X1_WITH + body
-    glbs = {'Block': Block}
+    glbs = {"Block": Block}
     check_exec(s, glbs=glbs, locs=None)
-    block_checks_glb('b', glbs, ['    x += 42'], {'x': 1})
+    block_checks_glb("b", glbs, ["    x += 42"], {"x": 1})
 
 
 def test_block_trailing_comment():
     # trailing comments show up in block lines
-    body = ('    x += 42\n'
-            '    # I am a trailing comment\n')
+    body = "    x += 42\n" "    # I am a trailing comment\n"
     s = X1_WITH + body
-    glbs = {'Block': Block}
+    glbs = {"Block": Block}
     check_exec(s, glbs=glbs, locs=None)
-    block_checks_glb('b', glbs, body, {'x': 1})
+    block_checks_glb("b", glbs, body, {"x": 1})
 
 
 def test_block_trailing_line_continuation():
-    body = ('    x += \\\n'
-            '         42\n')
+    body = "    x += \\\n" "         42\n"
     s = X1_WITH + body
-    glbs = {'Block': Block}
+    glbs = {"Block": Block}
     check_exec(s, glbs=glbs, locs=None)
-    block_checks_glb('b', glbs, body, {'x': 1})
+    block_checks_glb("b", glbs, body, {"x": 1})
 
 
 def test_block_trailing_close_paren():
-    body = ('    x += int("42"\n'
-            '             )\n')
+    body = '    x += int("42"\n' "             )\n"
     s = X1_WITH + body
-    glbs = {'Block': Block}
+    glbs = {"Block": Block}
     check_exec(s, glbs=glbs, locs=None)
-    block_checks_glb('b', glbs, body, {'x': 1})
+    block_checks_glb("b", glbs, body, {"x": 1})
 
 
 def test_block_trailing_close_many():
-    body = ('    x = {None: [int("42"\n'
-            '                    )\n'
-            '                ]\n'
-            '         }\n')
+    body = (
+        '    x = {None: [int("42"\n'
+        "                    )\n"
+        "                ]\n"
+        "         }\n"
+    )
     s = SIMPLE_WITH + body
-    glbs = {'Block': Block}
+    glbs = {"Block": Block}
     check_exec(s, glbs=glbs, locs=None)
-    block_checks_glb('b', glbs, body)
+    block_checks_glb("b", glbs, body)
 
 
 def test_block_trailing_triple_string():
-    body = ('    x = """This\n'
-            'is\n'
-            '"probably"\n'
-            '\'not\' what I meant.\n'
-            '"""\n')
+    body = '    x = """This\n' "is\n" '"probably"\n' "'not' what I meant.\n" '"""\n'
     s = SIMPLE_WITH + body
-    glbs = {'Block': Block}
+    glbs = {"Block": Block}
     check_exec(s, glbs=glbs, locs=None)
-    block_checks_glb('b', glbs, body)
+    block_checks_glb("b", glbs, body)
 
 
 def test_block_func_oneline():
-    body = '        x += 42\n'
+    body = "        x += 42\n"
     s = FUNC_WITH.format(body=body)
-    glbs = {'Block': Block}
+    glbs = {"Block": Block}
     check_exec(s, glbs=glbs, locs=None)
-    block_checks_func('rtn', glbs, body, FUNC_OBSG, FUNC_OBSL)
+    block_checks_func("rtn", glbs, body, FUNC_OBSG, FUNC_OBSL)
 
 
 def test_block_func_manylines():
-    body = ('        ![echo wow mom]\n'
-            '# bad place for a comment\n'
-            '        x += 42\n')
+    body = "        ![echo wow mom]\n" "# bad place for a comment\n" "        x += 42\n"
     s = FUNC_WITH.format(body=body)
-    glbs = {'Block': Block}
+    glbs = {"Block": Block}
     check_exec(s, glbs=glbs, locs=None)
-    block_checks_func('rtn', glbs, body, FUNC_OBSG, FUNC_OBSL)
+    block_checks_func("rtn", glbs, body, FUNC_OBSG, FUNC_OBSL)
 
 
 def test_block_func_leading_comment():
     # leading comments do not show up in block lines
-    body = ('        # I am a leading comment\n'
-            '        x += 42\n')
+    body = "        # I am a leading comment\n" "        x += 42\n"
     s = FUNC_WITH.format(body=body)
-    glbs = {'Block': Block}
+    glbs = {"Block": Block}
     check_exec(s, glbs=glbs, locs=None)
-    block_checks_func('rtn', glbs, '        x += 42\n',
-                                 FUNC_OBSG, FUNC_OBSL)
+    block_checks_func("rtn", glbs, "        x += 42\n", FUNC_OBSG, FUNC_OBSL)
 
 
 def test_block_func_trailing_comment():
     # trailing comments show up in block lines
-    body = ('        x += 42\n'
-            '        # I am a trailing comment\n')
+    body = "        x += 42\n" "        # I am a trailing comment\n"
     s = FUNC_WITH.format(body=body)
-    glbs = {'Block': Block}
+    glbs = {"Block": Block}
     check_exec(s, glbs=glbs, locs=None)
-    block_checks_func('rtn', glbs, body, FUNC_OBSG, FUNC_OBSL)
+    block_checks_func("rtn", glbs, body, FUNC_OBSG, FUNC_OBSL)
 
 
 def test_blockfunc__trailing_line_continuation():
-    body = ('        x += \\\n'
-            '             42\n')
+    body = "        x += \\\n" "             42\n"
     s = FUNC_WITH.format(body=body)
-    glbs = {'Block': Block}
+    glbs = {"Block": Block}
     check_exec(s, glbs=glbs, locs=None)
-    block_checks_func('rtn', glbs, body, FUNC_OBSG, FUNC_OBSL)
+    block_checks_func("rtn", glbs, body, FUNC_OBSG, FUNC_OBSL)
 
 
 def test_block_func_trailing_close_paren():
-    body = ('        x += int("42"\n'
-            '                 )\n')
+    body = '        x += int("42"\n' "                 )\n"
     s = FUNC_WITH.format(body=body)
-    glbs = {'Block': Block}
+    glbs = {"Block": Block}
     check_exec(s, glbs=glbs, locs=None)
-    block_checks_func('rtn', glbs, body, FUNC_OBSG, FUNC_OBSL)
+    block_checks_func("rtn", glbs, body, FUNC_OBSG, FUNC_OBSL)
 
 
 def test_block_func_trailing_close_many():
-    body = ('        x = {None: [int("42"\n'
-            '                        )\n'
-            '                    ]\n'
-            '             }\n')
+    body = (
+        '        x = {None: [int("42"\n'
+        "                        )\n"
+        "                    ]\n"
+        "             }\n"
+    )
     s = FUNC_WITH.format(body=body)
-    glbs = {'Block': Block}
+    glbs = {"Block": Block}
     check_exec(s, glbs=glbs, locs=None)
-    block_checks_func('rtn', glbs, body, FUNC_OBSG, FUNC_OBSL)
+    block_checks_func("rtn", glbs, body, FUNC_OBSG, FUNC_OBSL)
 
 
 def test_block_func_trailing_triple_string():
-    body = ('        x = """This\n'
-            'is\n'
-            '"probably"\n'
-            '\'not\' what I meant.\n'
-            '"""\n')
+    body = '        x = """This\n' "is\n" '"probably"\n' "'not' what I meant.\n" '"""\n'
     s = FUNC_WITH.format(body=body)
-    glbs = {'Block': Block}
+    glbs = {"Block": Block}
     check_exec(s, glbs=glbs, locs=None)
-    block_checks_func('rtn', glbs, body, FUNC_OBSG, FUNC_OBSL)
+    block_checks_func("rtn", glbs, body, FUNC_OBSG, FUNC_OBSL)
 
 
 #
 # Functor tests
 #
 
-X2_WITH = ('{var} = 1\n'
-           'with! Functor() as f:\n'
-           '{body}'
-           '{var} += 1\n'
-           '{calls}\n'
-           )
+X2_WITH = "{var} = 1\n" "with! Functor() as f:\n" "{body}" "{var} += 1\n" "{calls}\n"
+
 
 def test_functor_oneline_onecall_class():
-    body = ('    global y\n'
-            '    y += 42\n')
-    calls = 'f()'
-    s = X2_WITH.format(body=body, calls=calls, var='y')
-    glbs = {'Functor': Functor}
+    body = "    global y\n" "    y += 42\n"
+    calls = "f()"
+    s = X2_WITH.format(body=body, calls=calls, var="y")
+    glbs = {"Functor": Functor}
     check_exec(s, glbs=glbs, locs=None)
-    block_checks_glb('f', glbs, body, {'y': 44})
+    block_checks_glb("f", glbs, body, {"y": 44})
 
 
 def test_functor_oneline_onecall_func():
-    body = ('    global z\n'
-            '    z += 42\n')
-    calls = 'f.func()'
-    s = X2_WITH.format(body=body, calls=calls, var='z')
-    glbs = {'Functor': Functor}
+    body = "    global z\n" "    z += 42\n"
+    calls = "f.func()"
+    s = X2_WITH.format(body=body, calls=calls, var="z")
+    glbs = {"Functor": Functor}
     check_exec(s, glbs=glbs, locs=None)
-    block_checks_glb('f', glbs, body, {'z': 44})
+    block_checks_glb("f", glbs, body, {"z": 44})
 
 
 def test_functor_oneline_onecall_both():
-    body = ('    global x\n'
-            '    x += 42\n')
-    calls = 'f()\nf.func()'
-    s = X2_WITH.format(body=body, calls=calls, var='x')
-    glbs = {'Functor': Functor}
+    body = "    global x\n" "    x += 42\n"
+    calls = "f()\nf.func()"
+    s = X2_WITH.format(body=body, calls=calls, var="x")
+    glbs = {"Functor": Functor}
     check_exec(s, glbs=glbs, locs=None)
-    block_checks_glb('f', glbs, body, {'x': 86})
+    block_checks_glb("f", glbs, body, {"x": 86})
 
 
-XA_WITH = ('x = [1]\n'
-           'with! Functor() as f:\n'
-           '{body}'
-           'x.append(2)\n'
-           '{calls}\n'
-           )
+XA_WITH = "x = [1]\n" "with! Functor() as f:\n" "{body}" "x.append(2)\n" "{calls}\n"
+
 
 def test_functor_oneline_append():
-    body = '    x.append(3)\n'
-    calls = 'f()\n'
+    body = "    x.append(3)\n"
+    calls = "f()\n"
     s = XA_WITH.format(body=body, calls=calls)
-    glbs = {'Functor': Functor}
+    glbs = {"Functor": Functor}
     check_exec(s, glbs=glbs, locs=None)
-    block_checks_glb('f', glbs, body, {'x': [1, 2, 3]})
+    block_checks_glb("f", glbs, body, {"x": [1, 2, 3]})
 
 
 def test_functor_return():
-    body = '    x = 42'
-    t = ('res = 0\n'
-         'with! Functor(rtn="x") as f:\n'
-         '{body}\n'
-         'res = f()\n')
+    body = "    x = 42"
+    t = "res = 0\n" 'with! Functor(rtn="x") as f:\n' "{body}\n" "res = f()\n"
     s = t.format(body=body)
-    glbs = {'Functor': Functor}
+    glbs = {"Functor": Functor}
     check_exec(s, glbs=glbs, locs=None)
-    block_checks_glb('f', glbs, body, {'res': 42})
+    block_checks_glb("f", glbs, body, {"res": 42})
 
 
 def test_functor_args():
-    body = '    x = 42 + a'
-    t = ('res = 0\n'
-         'with! Functor(args=("a",), rtn="x") as f:\n'
-         '{body}\n'
-         'res = f(2)\n')
+    body = "    x = 42 + a"
+    t = (
+        "res = 0\n"
+        'with! Functor(args=("a",), rtn="x") as f:\n'
+        "{body}\n"
+        "res = f(2)\n"
+    )
     s = t.format(body=body)
-    glbs = {'Functor': Functor}
+    glbs = {"Functor": Functor}
     check_exec(s, glbs=glbs, locs=None)
-    block_checks_glb('f', glbs, body, {'res': 44})
+    block_checks_glb("f", glbs, body, {"res": 44})
 
 
 def test_functor_kwargs():
-    body = '    x = 42 + a + b'
-    t = ('res = 0\n'
-         'with! Functor(kwargs={{"a": 1, "b": 12}}, rtn="x") as f:\n'
-         '{body}\n'
-         'res = f(b=6)\n')
+    body = "    x = 42 + a + b"
+    t = (
+        "res = 0\n"
+        'with! Functor(kwargs={{"a": 1, "b": 12}}, rtn="x") as f:\n'
+        "{body}\n"
+        "res = f(b=6)\n"
+    )
     s = t.format(body=body)
-    glbs = {'Functor': Functor}
+    glbs = {"Functor": Functor}
     check_exec(s, glbs=glbs, locs=None)
-    block_checks_glb('f', glbs, body, {'res': 49})
+    block_checks_glb("f", glbs, body, {"res": 49})
 
 
 def test_functor_fullsig():
-    body = '    x = 42 + a + b + c'
-    t = ('res = 0\n'
-         'with! Functor(args=("c",), kwargs={{"a": 1, "b": 12}}, rtn="x") as f:\n'
-         '{body}\n'
-         'res = f(55)\n')
+    body = "    x = 42 + a + b + c"
+    t = (
+        "res = 0\n"
+        'with! Functor(args=("c",), kwargs={{"a": 1, "b": 12}}, rtn="x") as f:\n'
+        "{body}\n"
+        "res = f(55)\n"
+    )
     s = t.format(body=body)
-    glbs = {'Functor': Functor}
+    glbs = {"Functor": Functor}
     check_exec(s, glbs=glbs, locs=None)
-    block_checks_glb('f', glbs, body, {'res': 110})
-
-
+    block_checks_glb("f", glbs, body, {"res": 110})

tests/test_dirstack.py

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ from xonsh.built_ins import load_builtins
 HERE = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
 PARENT = os.path.dirname(HERE)
 
+
 @contextmanager
 def chdir(adir):
     old_dir = os.getcwd()
@@ -28,17 +29,17 @@ def chdir(adir):
 def test_simple(xonsh_builtins):
     xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__ = Env(CDPATH=PARENT, PWD=PARENT)
     with chdir(PARENT):
-        assert os.getcwd() !=  HERE
+        assert os.getcwd() != HERE
         dirstack.cd(["tests"])
-        assert os.getcwd() ==  HERE
+        assert os.getcwd() == HERE
 
 
 def test_cdpath_simple(xonsh_builtins):
     xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__ = Env(CDPATH=PARENT, PWD=HERE)
     with chdir(os.path.normpath("/")):
-        assert os.getcwd() !=  HERE
+        assert os.getcwd() != HERE
         dirstack.cd(["tests"])
-        assert os.getcwd() ==  HERE
+        assert os.getcwd() == HERE
 
 
 def test_cdpath_collision(xonsh_builtins):
@@ -49,20 +50,22 @@ def test_cdpath_collision(xonsh_builtins):
     with chdir(HERE):
         assert os.getcwd() == HERE
         dirstack.cd(["tests"])
-        assert os.getcwd() ==  os.path.join(HERE, "tests")
+        assert os.getcwd() == os.path.join(HERE, "tests")
 
 
 def test_cdpath_expansion(xonsh_builtins):
     xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__ = Env(HERE=HERE, CDPATH=("~", "$HERE"))
     test_dirs = (
         os.path.join(HERE, "xonsh-test-cdpath-here"),
-        os.path.expanduser("~/xonsh-test-cdpath-home")
+        os.path.expanduser("~/xonsh-test-cdpath-home"),
     )
     try:
         for d in test_dirs:
             if not os.path.exists(d):
                 os.mkdir(d)
-            assert os.path.exists(dirstack._try_cdpath(d)), "dirstack._try_cdpath: could not resolve {0}".format(d)
+            assert os.path.exists(
+                dirstack._try_cdpath(d)
+            ), "dirstack._try_cdpath: could not resolve {0}".format(d)
     finally:
         for d in test_dirs:
             if os.path.exists(d):
@@ -74,6 +77,7 @@ def test_cdpath_events(xonsh_builtins, tmpdir):
     target = str(tmpdir)
 
     ev = None
+
     @xonsh_builtins.events.on_chdir
     def handler(olddir, newdir, **kw):
         nonlocal ev

tests/test_dirstack_unc.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 """Testing dirstack"""
-#from __future__ import unicode_literals, print_function
+# from __future__ import unicode_literals, print_function
 
 from contextlib import contextmanager
 from functools import wraps
@@ -22,16 +22,19 @@ PARENT = os.path.dirname(HERE)
 
 
 def drive_in_use(letter):
-    return ON_WINDOWS and os.system('vol {}: 2>nul>nul'.format(letter)) == 0
+    return ON_WINDOWS and os.system("vol {}: 2>nul>nul".format(letter)) == 0
+
 
 MAX_TEMP_DRIVES = 4
 TEMP_DRIVE = []
 
-for d in 'zyxwvuts':
+for d in "zyxwvuts":
     if not drive_in_use(d):
-        TEMP_DRIVE.append(d + ':')
-pytestmark = pytest.mark.skipif(len(TEMP_DRIVE) < MAX_TEMP_DRIVES,
-                                reason='Too many drive letters are already used by Windows to run the tests.')
+        TEMP_DRIVE.append(d + ":")
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.skipif(
+    len(TEMP_DRIVE) < MAX_TEMP_DRIVES,
+    reason="Too many drive letters are already used by Windows to run the tests.",
+)
 
 
 @pytest.yield_fixture(scope="module")
@@ -46,32 +49,44 @@ def shares_setup(tmpdir_factory):
     if not ON_WINDOWS:
         return []
 
-    shares = [[r'uncpushd_test_HERE', TEMP_DRIVE[1], HERE]
-              , [r'uncpushd_test_PARENT', TEMP_DRIVE[3], PARENT]]
+    shares = [
+        [r"uncpushd_test_HERE", TEMP_DRIVE[1], HERE],
+        [r"uncpushd_test_PARENT", TEMP_DRIVE[3], PARENT],
+    ]
 
-    for s, d, l in shares:  # set up some shares on local machine.  dirs already exist test case must invoke wd_setup.
-        rtn = subprocess.call(['NET', 'SHARE', s, '/delete'], universal_newlines=True)  # clean up from previous run after good, long wait.
+    for (
+        s,
+        d,
+        l,
+    ) in (
+        shares
+    ):  # set up some shares on local machine.  dirs already exist test case must invoke wd_setup.
+        rtn = subprocess.call(
+            ["NET", "SHARE", s, "/delete"], universal_newlines=True
+        )  # clean up from previous run after good, long wait.
         if rtn != 0:
             yield None
             return
-        rtn = subprocess.call(['NET', 'SHARE', s + '=' + l], universal_newlines=True)
+        rtn = subprocess.call(["NET", "SHARE", s + "=" + l], universal_newlines=True)
         if rtn != 0:
             yield None
             return
-        rtn = subprocess.call(['NET', 'USE', d, r"\\localhost" + '\\' + s], universal_newlines=True)
+        rtn = subprocess.call(
+            ["NET", "USE", d, r"\\localhost" + "\\" + s], universal_newlines=True
+        )
         if rtn != 0:
             yield None
             return
 
-    yield [[r"\\localhost" + '\\' + s[0], s[1], s[2]] for s in shares]
+    yield [[r"\\localhost" + "\\" + s[0], s[1], s[2]] for s in shares]
 
     # we want to delete the test shares we've created, but can't do that if unc shares in DIRSTACK
     # (left over from assert fail aborted test)
     os.chdir(HERE)
     for dl in _unc_tempDrives:
-        rtn = subprocess.call(['net', 'use', dl, '/delete'], universal_newlines=True)
+        rtn = subprocess.call(["net", "use", dl, "/delete"], universal_newlines=True)
     for s, d, l in shares:
-        rtn = subprocess.call(['net', 'use', d, '/delete'], universal_newlines=True)
+        rtn = subprocess.call(["net", "use", d, "/delete"], universal_newlines=True)
         # subprocess.call(['net', 'share', s, '/delete'], universal_newlines=True) # fails with access denied,
         # unless I wait > 10 sec. see http://stackoverflow.com/questions/38448413/access-denied-in-net-share-delete
 
@@ -83,7 +98,7 @@ def test_pushdpopd(xonsh_builtins):
 
     dirstack.cd([PARENT])
     owd = os.getcwd()
-    assert owd.casefold() == xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__['PWD'].casefold()
+    assert owd.casefold() == xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__["PWD"].casefold()
     dirstack.pushd([HERE])
     wd = os.getcwd()
     assert wd.casefold() == HERE.casefold()
@@ -95,22 +110,22 @@ def test_cd_dot(xonsh_builtins):
     xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__ = Env(PWD=os.getcwd())
 
     owd = os.getcwd().casefold()
-    dirstack.cd(['.'])
+    dirstack.cd(["."])
     assert owd == os.getcwd().casefold()
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif( not ON_WINDOWS, reason="Windows-only UNC functionality")
+@pytest.mark.skipif(not ON_WINDOWS, reason="Windows-only UNC functionality")
 def test_uncpushd_simple_push_pop(xonsh_builtins, shares_setup):
     if shares_setup is None:
         return
     xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__ = Env(CDPATH=PARENT, PWD=HERE)
     dirstack.cd([PARENT])
     owd = os.getcwd()
-    assert owd.casefold() == xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__['PWD'].casefold()
-    dirstack.pushd([r'\\localhost\uncpushd_test_HERE'])
+    assert owd.casefold() == xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__["PWD"].casefold()
+    dirstack.pushd([r"\\localhost\uncpushd_test_HERE"])
     wd = os.getcwd()
     assert os.path.splitdrive(wd)[0].casefold() == TEMP_DRIVE[0]
-    assert os.path.splitdrive(wd)[1].casefold() == '\\'
+    assert os.path.splitdrive(wd)[1].casefold() == "\\"
     dirstack.popd([])
     assert owd.casefold() == os.getcwd().casefold(), "popd returned cwd to expected dir"
     assert len(_unc_tempDrives) == 0
@@ -124,29 +139,31 @@ def test_uncpushd_push_to_same_share(xonsh_builtins, shares_setup):
 
     dirstack.cd([PARENT])
     owd = os.getcwd()
-    assert owd.casefold() == xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__['PWD'].casefold()
-    dirstack.pushd([r'\\localhost\uncpushd_test_HERE'])
+    assert owd.casefold() == xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__["PWD"].casefold()
+    dirstack.pushd([r"\\localhost\uncpushd_test_HERE"])
     wd = os.getcwd()
     assert os.path.splitdrive(wd)[0].casefold() == TEMP_DRIVE[0]
-    assert os.path.splitdrive(wd)[1].casefold() == '\\'
+    assert os.path.splitdrive(wd)[1].casefold() == "\\"
     assert len(_unc_tempDrives) == 1
     assert len(DIRSTACK) == 1
 
-    dirstack.pushd([r'\\localhost\uncpushd_test_HERE'])
+    dirstack.pushd([r"\\localhost\uncpushd_test_HERE"])
     wd = os.getcwd()
     assert os.path.splitdrive(wd)[0].casefold() == TEMP_DRIVE[0]
-    assert os.path.splitdrive(wd)[1].casefold() == '\\'
+    assert os.path.splitdrive(wd)[1].casefold() == "\\"
     assert len(_unc_tempDrives) == 1
     assert len(DIRSTACK) == 2
 
     dirstack.popd([])
-    assert os.path.isdir(TEMP_DRIVE[0] + '\\'), "Temp drive not unmapped till last reference removed"
+    assert os.path.isdir(
+        TEMP_DRIVE[0] + "\\"
+    ), "Temp drive not unmapped till last reference removed"
     dirstack.popd([])
     assert owd.casefold() == os.getcwd().casefold(), "popd returned cwd to expected dir"
     assert len(_unc_tempDrives) == 0
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif( not ON_WINDOWS, reason="Windows-only UNC functionality")
+@pytest.mark.skipif(not ON_WINDOWS, reason="Windows-only UNC functionality")
 def test_uncpushd_push_other_push_same(xonsh_builtins, shares_setup):
     """push to a, then to b. verify drive letter is TEMP_DRIVE[2], skipping already used TEMP_DRIVE[1]
        Then push to a again. Pop (check b unmapped and a still mapped), pop, pop (check a is unmapped)"""
@@ -156,43 +173,43 @@ def test_uncpushd_push_other_push_same(xonsh_builtins, shares_setup):
 
     dirstack.cd([PARENT])
     owd = os.getcwd()
-    assert owd.casefold() == xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__['PWD'].casefold()
-    dirstack.pushd([r'\\localhost\uncpushd_test_HERE'])
-    assert os.getcwd().casefold() == TEMP_DRIVE[0] + '\\'
+    assert owd.casefold() == xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__["PWD"].casefold()
+    dirstack.pushd([r"\\localhost\uncpushd_test_HERE"])
+    assert os.getcwd().casefold() == TEMP_DRIVE[0] + "\\"
     assert len(_unc_tempDrives) == 1
     assert len(DIRSTACK) == 1
 
-    dirstack.pushd([r'\\localhost\uncpushd_test_PARENT'])
+    dirstack.pushd([r"\\localhost\uncpushd_test_PARENT"])
     wd = os.getcwd()
-    assert os.getcwd().casefold() == TEMP_DRIVE[2] + '\\'
+    assert os.getcwd().casefold() == TEMP_DRIVE[2] + "\\"
     assert len(_unc_tempDrives) == 2
     assert len(DIRSTACK) == 2
 
-    dirstack.pushd([r'\\localhost\uncpushd_test_HERE'])
-    assert os.getcwd().casefold() == TEMP_DRIVE[0] + '\\'
+    dirstack.pushd([r"\\localhost\uncpushd_test_HERE"])
+    assert os.getcwd().casefold() == TEMP_DRIVE[0] + "\\"
     assert len(_unc_tempDrives) == 2
     assert len(DIRSTACK) == 3
 
     dirstack.popd([])
-    assert os.getcwd().casefold() == TEMP_DRIVE[2] + '\\'
+    assert os.getcwd().casefold() == TEMP_DRIVE[2] + "\\"
     assert len(_unc_tempDrives) == 2
     assert len(DIRSTACK) == 2
-    assert os.path.isdir(TEMP_DRIVE[2] + '\\')
-    assert os.path.isdir(TEMP_DRIVE[0] + '\\')
+    assert os.path.isdir(TEMP_DRIVE[2] + "\\")
+    assert os.path.isdir(TEMP_DRIVE[0] + "\\")
 
     dirstack.popd([])
-    assert os.getcwd().casefold() == TEMP_DRIVE[0] + '\\'
+    assert os.getcwd().casefold() == TEMP_DRIVE[0] + "\\"
     assert len(_unc_tempDrives) == 1
     assert len(DIRSTACK) == 1
-    assert not os.path.isdir(TEMP_DRIVE[2] + '\\')
-    assert os.path.isdir(TEMP_DRIVE[0] + '\\')
+    assert not os.path.isdir(TEMP_DRIVE[2] + "\\")
+    assert os.path.isdir(TEMP_DRIVE[0] + "\\")
 
     dirstack.popd([])
     assert os.getcwd().casefold() == owd.casefold()
     assert len(_unc_tempDrives) == 0
     assert len(DIRSTACK) == 0
-    assert not os.path.isdir(TEMP_DRIVE[2] + '\\')
-    assert not os.path.isdir(TEMP_DRIVE[0] + '\\')
+    assert not os.path.isdir(TEMP_DRIVE[2] + "\\")
+    assert not os.path.isdir(TEMP_DRIVE[0] + "\\")
 
 
 @pytest.mark.skipif(not ON_WINDOWS, reason="Windows-only UNC functionality")
@@ -201,7 +218,7 @@ def test_uncpushd_push_base_push_rempath(xonsh_builtins):
     pass
 
 
-#really?  Need to cut-and-paste 2 flavors of this? yield_fixture requires yield in defined function body, not callee
+# really?  Need to cut-and-paste 2 flavors of this? yield_fixture requires yield in defined function body, not callee
 @pytest.yield_fixture()
 def with_unc_check_enabled():
     if not ON_WINDOWS:
@@ -210,19 +227,27 @@ def with_unc_check_enabled():
     import winreg
 
     old_wval = 0
-    key = winreg.OpenKey(winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_USER, r'software\microsoft\command processor', access=winreg.KEY_WRITE)
+    key = winreg.OpenKey(
+        winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_USER,
+        r"software\microsoft\command processor",
+        access=winreg.KEY_WRITE,
+    )
     try:
-        wval, wtype = winreg.QueryValueEx(key, 'DisableUNCCheck')
-        old_wval = wval # if values was defined at all
+        wval, wtype = winreg.QueryValueEx(key, "DisableUNCCheck")
+        old_wval = wval  # if values was defined at all
     except OSError as e:
         pass
-    winreg.SetValueEx(key, 'DisableUNCCheck', None, winreg.REG_DWORD, 0)
+    winreg.SetValueEx(key, "DisableUNCCheck", None, winreg.REG_DWORD, 0)
     winreg.CloseKey(key)
 
     yield old_wval
 
-    key = winreg.OpenKey(winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_USER, r'software\microsoft\command processor', access=winreg.KEY_WRITE)
-    winreg.SetValueEx(key, 'DisableUNCCheck', None, winreg.REG_DWORD, old_wval)
+    key = winreg.OpenKey(
+        winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_USER,
+        r"software\microsoft\command processor",
+        access=winreg.KEY_WRITE,
+    )
+    winreg.SetValueEx(key, "DisableUNCCheck", None, winreg.REG_DWORD, old_wval)
     winreg.CloseKey(key)
 
 
@@ -234,57 +259,65 @@ def with_unc_check_disabled():  # just like the above, but value is 1 to *disabl
     import winreg
 
     old_wval = 0
-    key = winreg.OpenKey(winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_USER, r'software\microsoft\command processor', access=winreg.KEY_WRITE)
+    key = winreg.OpenKey(
+        winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_USER,
+        r"software\microsoft\command processor",
+        access=winreg.KEY_WRITE,
+    )
     try:
-        wval, wtype = winreg.QueryValueEx(key, 'DisableUNCCheck')
-        old_wval = wval # if values was defined at all
+        wval, wtype = winreg.QueryValueEx(key, "DisableUNCCheck")
+        old_wval = wval  # if values was defined at all
     except OSError as e:
         pass
-    winreg.SetValueEx(key, 'DisableUNCCheck', None, winreg.REG_DWORD, 1)
+    winreg.SetValueEx(key, "DisableUNCCheck", None, winreg.REG_DWORD, 1)
     winreg.CloseKey(key)
 
     yield old_wval
 
-    key = winreg.OpenKey(winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_USER, r'software\microsoft\command processor', access=winreg.KEY_WRITE)
-    winreg.SetValueEx(key, 'DisableUNCCheck', None, winreg.REG_DWORD, old_wval)
+    key = winreg.OpenKey(
+        winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_USER,
+        r"software\microsoft\command processor",
+        access=winreg.KEY_WRITE,
+    )
+    winreg.SetValueEx(key, "DisableUNCCheck", None, winreg.REG_DWORD, old_wval)
     winreg.CloseKey(key)
 
 
 @pytest.fixture()
 def xonsh_builtins_cd(xonsh_builtins):
-    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__['CDPATH'] = PARENT
-    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__['PWD'] = os.getcwd()
-    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__['DIRSTACK_SIZE'] = 20
+    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__["CDPATH"] = PARENT
+    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__["PWD"] = os.getcwd()
+    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__["DIRSTACK_SIZE"] = 20
     return xonsh_builtins
 
 
 @pytest.mark.skipif(not ON_WINDOWS, reason="Windows-only UNC functionality")
 def test_uncpushd_cd_unc_auto_pushd(xonsh_builtins_cd, with_unc_check_enabled):
-    xonsh_builtins_cd.__xonsh_env__['AUTO_PUSHD'] = True
-    so, se, rc = dirstack.cd([r'\\localhost\uncpushd_test_PARENT'])
+    xonsh_builtins_cd.__xonsh_env__["AUTO_PUSHD"] = True
+    so, se, rc = dirstack.cd([r"\\localhost\uncpushd_test_PARENT"])
     if rc != 0:
         return
-    assert os.getcwd().casefold() == TEMP_DRIVE[0] + '\\'
+    assert os.getcwd().casefold() == TEMP_DRIVE[0] + "\\"
     assert len(DIRSTACK) == 1
-    assert os.path.isdir(TEMP_DRIVE[0] + '\\')
+    assert os.path.isdir(TEMP_DRIVE[0] + "\\")
 
 
 @pytest.mark.skipif(not ON_WINDOWS, reason="Windows-only UNC functionality")
 def test_uncpushd_cd_unc_nocheck(xonsh_builtins_cd, with_unc_check_disabled):
     if with_unc_check_disabled == 0:
         return
-    dirstack.cd([r'\\localhost\uncpushd_test_HERE'])
-    assert os.getcwd().casefold() == r'\\localhost\uncpushd_test_here'
+    dirstack.cd([r"\\localhost\uncpushd_test_HERE"])
+    assert os.getcwd().casefold() == r"\\localhost\uncpushd_test_here"
 
 
 @pytest.mark.skipif(not ON_WINDOWS, reason="Windows-only UNC functionality")
 def test_uncpushd_cd_unc_no_auto_pushd(xonsh_builtins_cd, with_unc_check_enabled):
     if with_unc_check_enabled == 0:
         return
-    so, se, rc = dirstack.cd([r'\\localhost\uncpushd_test_PARENT'])
+    so, se, rc = dirstack.cd([r"\\localhost\uncpushd_test_PARENT"])
     assert rc != 0
     assert so is None or len(so) == 0
-    assert 'disableunccheck' in se.casefold() and 'auto_pushd' in se.casefold()
+    assert "disableunccheck" in se.casefold() and "auto_pushd" in se.casefold()
 
 
 @pytest.mark.skipif(not ON_WINDOWS, reason="Windows-only UNC functionality")

tests/test_environ.py

@@ -11,133 +11,150 @@ from xonsh.tools import ON_WINDOWS
 import pytest
 
 from xonsh.commands_cache import CommandsCache
-from xonsh.environ import (Env, locate_binary, DEFAULT_ENSURERS, DEFAULT_VALUES,
-                           default_env, make_args_env)
+from xonsh.environ import (
+    Env,
+    locate_binary,
+    DEFAULT_ENSURERS,
+    DEFAULT_VALUES,
+    default_env,
+    make_args_env,
+)
 
 from tools import skip_if_on_unix
 
+
 def test_env_normal():
-    env = Env(VAR='wakka')
-    assert 'wakka' == env['VAR']
+    env = Env(VAR="wakka")
+    assert "wakka" == env["VAR"]
+
 
 def test_env_contains():
-    env = Env(VAR='wakka')
-    assert 'VAR' in env
+    env = Env(VAR="wakka")
+    assert "VAR" in env
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('path', [['/home/wakka'], ['wakka']])
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("path", [["/home/wakka"], ["wakka"]])
 def test_env_path_list(path):
     env = Env(MYPATH=path)
-    assert path == env['MYPATH'].paths
+    assert path == env["MYPATH"].paths
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('path', [
-    ['/home/wakka' + os.pathsep + '/home/jawaka'],
-    ['wakka' + os.pathsep + 'jawaka']
-])
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "path",
+    [["/home/wakka" + os.pathsep + "/home/jawaka"], ["wakka" + os.pathsep + "jawaka"]],
+)
 def test_env_path_str(path):
     env = Env(MYPATH=path)
-    assert path == env['MYPATH'].paths
+    assert path == env["MYPATH"].paths
+
 
 def test_env_detype():
-    env = Env(MYPATH=['wakka', 'jawaka'])
-    assert 'wakka' + os.pathsep + 'jawaka' == env.detype()['MYPATH']
+    env = Env(MYPATH=["wakka", "jawaka"])
+    assert "wakka" + os.pathsep + "jawaka" == env.detype()["MYPATH"]
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('path1, path2',[
-    (['/home/wakka', '/home/jawaka'], '/home/woah'),
-    (['wakka', 'jawaka'], 'woah')
-])
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "path1, path2",
+    [(["/home/wakka", "/home/jawaka"], "/home/woah"), (["wakka", "jawaka"], "woah")],
+)
 def test_env_detype_mutable_access_clear(path1, path2):
     env = Env(MYPATH=path1)
-    assert path1[0] + os.pathsep + path1[1] == env.detype()['MYPATH']
-    env['MYPATH'][0] = path2
+    assert path1[0] + os.pathsep + path1[1] == env.detype()["MYPATH"]
+    env["MYPATH"][0] = path2
     assert env._detyped is None
-    assert path2 + os.pathsep + path1[1] == env.detype()['MYPATH']
+    assert path2 + os.pathsep + path1[1] == env.detype()["MYPATH"]
+
 
 def test_env_detype_no_dict():
-    env = Env(YO={'hey': 42})
+    env = Env(YO={"hey": 42})
     det = env.detype()
-    assert 'YO' not in det
+    assert "YO" not in det
+
 
 def test_histcontrol_none():
     env = Env(HISTCONTROL=None)
-    assert isinstance(env['HISTCONTROL'], set)
-    assert len(env['HISTCONTROL']) == 0
+    assert isinstance(env["HISTCONTROL"], set)
+    assert len(env["HISTCONTROL"]) == 0
+
 
 def test_HISTCONTROL_empty():
-    env = Env(HISTCONTROL='')
-    assert isinstance(env['HISTCONTROL'], set)
-    assert len(env['HISTCONTROL']) == 0
+    env = Env(HISTCONTROL="")
+    assert isinstance(env["HISTCONTROL"], set)
+    assert len(env["HISTCONTROL"]) == 0
+
 
 def test_histcontrol_ignoredups():
-    env = Env(HISTCONTROL='ignoredups')
-    assert isinstance(env['HISTCONTROL'], set)
-    assert len(env['HISTCONTROL']) == 1
-    assert ('ignoredups' in env['HISTCONTROL'])
-    assert ('ignoreerr' not in env['HISTCONTROL'])
+    env = Env(HISTCONTROL="ignoredups")
+    assert isinstance(env["HISTCONTROL"], set)
+    assert len(env["HISTCONTROL"]) == 1
+    assert "ignoredups" in env["HISTCONTROL"]
+    assert "ignoreerr" not in env["HISTCONTROL"]
+
 
 def test_histcontrol_ignoreerr_ignoredups():
-    env = Env(HISTCONTROL='ignoreerr,ignoredups,ignoreerr')
-    assert len(env['HISTCONTROL']) == 2
-    assert ('ignoreerr' in env['HISTCONTROL'])
-    assert ('ignoredups' in env['HISTCONTROL'])
+    env = Env(HISTCONTROL="ignoreerr,ignoredups,ignoreerr")
+    assert len(env["HISTCONTROL"]) == 2
+    assert "ignoreerr" in env["HISTCONTROL"]
+    assert "ignoredups" in env["HISTCONTROL"]
+
 
 def test_swap():
-    env = Env(VAR='wakka')
-    assert env['VAR'] == 'wakka'
+    env = Env(VAR="wakka")
+    assert env["VAR"] == "wakka"
 
     # positional arg
-    with env.swap({'VAR': 'foo'}):
-        assert env['VAR'] == 'foo'
+    with env.swap({"VAR": "foo"}):
+        assert env["VAR"] == "foo"
 
     # make sure the environment goes back outside the context manager
-    assert env['VAR'] == 'wakka'
+    assert env["VAR"] == "wakka"
 
     # kwargs only
-    with env.swap(VAR1='foo', VAR2='bar'):
-        assert env['VAR1'] == 'foo'
-        assert env['VAR2'] == 'bar'
+    with env.swap(VAR1="foo", VAR2="bar"):
+        assert env["VAR1"] == "foo"
+        assert env["VAR2"] == "bar"
 
     # positional and kwargs
-    with env.swap({'VAR3': 'baz'}, VAR1='foo', VAR2='bar'):
-        assert env['VAR1'] == 'foo'
-        assert env['VAR2'] == 'bar'
-        assert env['VAR3'] == 'baz'
+    with env.swap({"VAR3": "baz"}, VAR1="foo", VAR2="bar"):
+        assert env["VAR1"] == "foo"
+        assert env["VAR2"] == "bar"
+        assert env["VAR3"] == "baz"
 
     # make sure the environment goes back outside the context manager
-    assert env['VAR'] == 'wakka'
-    assert 'VAR1' not in env
-    assert 'VAR2' not in env
-    assert 'VAR3' not in env
+    assert env["VAR"] == "wakka"
+    assert "VAR1" not in env
+    assert "VAR2" not in env
+    assert "VAR3" not in env
 
 
 def test_swap_exception_replacement():
-    env = Env(VAR='original value')
+    env = Env(VAR="original value")
     try:
-        with env.swap(VAR='inner value'):
-            assert env['VAR'] == 'inner value'
+        with env.swap(VAR="inner value"):
+            assert env["VAR"] == "inner value"
             raise Exception()
     except Exception:
-        assert env['VAR'] == 'original value'
-    assert env['VAR'] == 'original value'
+        assert env["VAR"] == "original value"
+    assert env["VAR"] == "original value"
 
 
 @skip_if_on_unix
 def test_locate_binary_on_windows(xonsh_builtins):
-    files = ('file1.exe', 'FILE2.BAT', 'file3.txt')
+    files = ("file1.exe", "FILE2.BAT", "file3.txt")
     with TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdir:
         for fname in files:
             fpath = os.path.join(tmpdir, fname)
-            with open(fpath, 'w') as f:
+            with open(fpath, "w") as f:
                 f.write(fpath)
-        xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__.update({
-            'PATH': [tmpdir],
-            'PATHEXT': ['.COM', '.EXE', '.BAT'],
-        })
+        xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__.update(
+            {"PATH": [tmpdir], "PATHEXT": [".COM", ".EXE", ".BAT"]}
+        )
         xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_commands_cache__ = CommandsCache()
-        assert locate_binary('file1') == os.path.join(tmpdir, 'file1.exe')
-        assert locate_binary('file1.exe') == os.path.join(tmpdir, 'file1.exe')
-        assert locate_binary('file2') == os.path.join(tmpdir, 'FILE2.BAT')
-        assert locate_binary('file2.bat') == os.path.join(tmpdir, 'FILE2.BAT')
-        assert locate_binary('file3') is None
+        assert locate_binary("file1") == os.path.join(tmpdir, "file1.exe")
+        assert locate_binary("file1.exe") == os.path.join(tmpdir, "file1.exe")
+        assert locate_binary("file2") == os.path.join(tmpdir, "FILE2.BAT")
+        assert locate_binary("file2.bat") == os.path.join(tmpdir, "FILE2.BAT")
+        assert locate_binary("file3") is None
 
 
 def test_event_on_envvar_change(xonsh_builtins):
@@ -150,9 +167,9 @@ def test_event_on_envvar_change(xonsh_builtins):
         share.extend((name, oldvalue, newvalue))
 
     # trigger
-    env['TEST'] = 1
+    env["TEST"] = 1
 
-    assert share == ['TEST', 0, 1]
+    assert share == ["TEST", 0, 1]
 
 
 def test_event_on_envvar_new(xonsh_builtins):
@@ -165,9 +182,10 @@ def test_event_on_envvar_new(xonsh_builtins):
         share.extend((name, value))
 
     # trigger
-    env['TEST'] = 1
+    env["TEST"] = 1
+
+    assert share == ["TEST", 1]
 
-    assert share == ['TEST', 1]
 
 def test_event_on_envvar_change_from_none_value(xonsh_builtins):
     env = Env(TEST=None)
@@ -179,12 +197,12 @@ def test_event_on_envvar_change_from_none_value(xonsh_builtins):
         share.extend((name, oldvalue, newvalue))
 
     # trigger
-    env['TEST'] = 1
+    env["TEST"] = 1
 
-    assert share == ['TEST', None, 1]
+    assert share == ["TEST", None, 1]
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('val', [1, None, True, 'ok'])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("val", [1, None, True, "ok"])
 def test_event_on_envvar_change_no_fire_when_value_is_same(val, xonsh_builtins):
     env = Env(TEST=val)
     xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__ = env
@@ -194,9 +212,8 @@ def test_event_on_envvar_change_no_fire_when_value_is_same(val, xonsh_builtins):
     def handler(name, oldvalue, newvalue, **kwargs):
         share.extend((name, oldvalue, newvalue))
 
-
     # trigger
-    env['TEST'] = val
+    env["TEST"] = val
 
     assert share == []
 
@@ -208,21 +225,21 @@ def test_events_on_envvar_called_in_right_order(xonsh_builtins):
     # register
     @xonsh_builtins.events.on_envvar_new
     def handler(name, value, **kwargs):
-        share[:] = ['new']
+        share[:] = ["new"]
 
     @xonsh_builtins.events.on_envvar_change
     def handler(name, oldvalue, newvalue, **kwargs):
-        share[:] = ['change']
+        share[:] = ["change"]
 
     # trigger new
-    env['TEST'] = 1
+    env["TEST"] = 1
 
-    assert share == ['new']
+    assert share == ["new"]
 
     # trigger change
-    env['TEST'] = 2
+    env["TEST"] = 2
 
-    assert share == ['change']
+    assert share == ["change"]
 
 
 def test_int_bool_envvars_have_ensurers():
@@ -233,24 +250,24 @@ def test_int_bool_envvars_have_ensurers():
 
 
 def test_no_lines_columns():
-    os.environ['LINES'] = 'spam'
-    os.environ['COLUMNS'] = 'eggs'
+    os.environ["LINES"] = "spam"
+    os.environ["COLUMNS"] = "eggs"
     try:
         env = default_env()
-        assert 'LINES' not in env
-        assert 'COLUMNS' not in env
+        assert "LINES" not in env
+        assert "COLUMNS" not in env
     finally:
-        del os.environ['LINES']
-        del os.environ['COLUMNS']
+        del os.environ["LINES"]
+        del os.environ["COLUMNS"]
 
 
 def test_make_args_env():
-    obs = make_args_env(['script', '1', '2', '3'])
+    obs = make_args_env(["script", "1", "2", "3"])
     exp = {
-        'ARGS': ['script', '1', '2', '3'],
-        'ARG0': 'script',
-        'ARG1': '1',
-        'ARG2': '2',
-        'ARG3': '3',
+        "ARGS": ["script", "1", "2", "3"],
+        "ARG0": "script",
+        "ARG1": "1",
+        "ARG2": "2",
+        "ARG3": "3",
     }
     assert exp == obs

tests/test_events.py

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ def test_validator(events):
 
     @first.validator
     def v(n):
-        return n == 'spam'
+        return n == "spam"
 
     @events.on_test
     def second(n, **_):
@@ -63,24 +63,24 @@ def test_validator(events):
         return False
 
     called = 0
-    events.on_test.fire(n='egg')
+    events.on_test.fire(n="egg")
     assert called == 1
 
     called = 0
-    events.on_test.fire(n='spam')
+    events.on_test.fire(n="spam")
     assert called == 2
 
 
 def test_eventdoc(events):
     docstring = "Test event"
-    events.doc('on_test', docstring)
+    events.doc("on_test", docstring)
 
     assert inspect.getdoc(events.on_test) == docstring
 
 
 def test_transmogrify(events):
     docstring = "Test event"
-    events.doc('on_test', docstring)
+    events.doc("on_test", docstring)
 
     @events.on_test
     def func(**_):
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ def test_transmogrify(events):
     assert len(events.on_test) == 1
     assert inspect.getdoc(events.on_test) == docstring
 
-    events.transmogrify('on_test', LoadEvent)
+    events.transmogrify("on_test", LoadEvent)
 
     assert isinstance(events.on_test, LoadEvent)
     assert len(events.on_test) == 1
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ def test_transmogrify(events):
 
 def test_transmogrify_by_string(events):
     docstring = "Test event"
-    events.doc('on_test', docstring)
+    events.doc("on_test", docstring)
 
     @events.on_test
     def func(**_):
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ def test_transmogrify_by_string(events):
     assert len(events.on_test) == 1
     assert inspect.getdoc(events.on_test) == docstring
 
-    events.transmogrify('on_test', 'LoadEvent')
+    events.transmogrify("on_test", "LoadEvent")
 
     assert isinstance(events.on_test, LoadEvent)
     assert len(events.on_test) == 1
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ def test_transmogrify_by_string(events):
 
 
 def test_load(events):
-    events.transmogrify('on_test', 'LoadEvent')
+    events.transmogrify("on_test", "LoadEvent")
     called = 0
 
     @events.on_test
@@ -137,8 +137,9 @@ def test_load(events):
 
     assert called == 2
 
+
 def test_load_2nd_call(events):
-    events.transmogrify('on_test', 'LoadEvent')
+    events.transmogrify("on_test", "LoadEvent")
     called = 0
 
     @events.on_test
@@ -157,6 +158,6 @@ def test_load_2nd_call(events):
 
 def test_typos(xonsh_builtins):
     for name, ev in vars(xonsh_builtins.events).items():
-        if 'pytest' in name:
+        if "pytest" in name:
             continue
         assert inspect.getdoc(ev)

tests/test_execer.py

@@ -2,8 +2,7 @@
 """Tests the xonsh lexer."""
 import os
 
-from tools import (check_eval, check_parse,
-                   skip_if_on_unix, skip_if_on_windows)
+from tools import check_eval, check_parse, skip_if_on_unix, skip_if_on_windows
 
 import pytest
 
@@ -15,85 +14,89 @@ def xonsh_execer_autouse(xonsh_builtins, xonsh_execer):
 
 @skip_if_on_unix
 def test_win_ipconfig():
-    assert check_eval(os.environ['SYSTEMROOT'] + '\\System32\\ipconfig.exe /all')
+    assert check_eval(os.environ["SYSTEMROOT"] + "\\System32\\ipconfig.exe /all")
+
 
 @skip_if_on_unix
 def test_ipconfig():
-    assert check_eval('ipconfig /all')
+    assert check_eval("ipconfig /all")
+
 
 @skip_if_on_windows
 def test_bin_ls():
-    assert check_eval('/bin/ls -l')
+    assert check_eval("/bin/ls -l")
+
 
 def test_ls_dashl():
-    assert check_parse('ls -l')
+    assert check_parse("ls -l")
+
 
 def test_which_ls():
-    assert check_parse('which ls')
+    assert check_parse("which ls")
+
 
 def test_echo_hello():
-    assert check_parse('echo hello')
+    assert check_parse("echo hello")
 
 
 def test_echo_star_with_semi():
-    assert check_parse('echo * spam ; ![echo eggs]\n')
+    assert check_parse("echo * spam ; ![echo eggs]\n")
 
 
 def test_simple_func():
-    code = ('def prompt():\n'
-            "    return '{user}'.format(user='me')\n")
+    code = "def prompt():\n" "    return '{user}'.format(user='me')\n"
     assert check_parse(code)
 
+
 def test_lookup_alias():
-    code = (
-        'def foo(a,  s=None):\n'
-        '    return "bar"\n'
-        '@(foo)\n')
+    code = "def foo(a,  s=None):\n" '    return "bar"\n' "@(foo)\n"
     assert check_parse(code)
 
+
 def test_lookup_anon_alias():
-    code = ('echo "hi" | @(lambda a, s=None: a[0]) foo bar baz\n')
+    code = 'echo "hi" | @(lambda a, s=None: a[0]) foo bar baz\n'
     assert check_parse(code)
 
+
 def test_simple_func_broken():
-    code = ('def prompt():\n'
-            "    return '{user}'.format(\n"
-            "       user='me')\n")
+    code = "def prompt():\n" "    return '{user}'.format(\n" "       user='me')\n"
     assert check_parse(code)
 
+
 def test_bad_indent():
-    code = ('if True:\n'
-            'x = 1\n')
+    code = "if True:\n" "x = 1\n"
     with pytest.raises(SyntaxError):
         check_parse(code)
 
+
 def test_good_rhs_subproc():
     # nonsense but parsable
-    code = 'str().split() | ![grep exit]\n'
-    assert(code)
+    code = "str().split() | ![grep exit]\n"
+    assert code
+
 
 def test_bad_rhs_subproc():
     # nonsense but unparsable
-    code = 'str().split() | grep exit\n'
+    code = "str().split() | grep exit\n"
     with pytest.raises(SyntaxError):
         check_parse(code)
 
+
 def test_indent_with_empty_line():
-    code = ('if True:\n'
-            '\n'
-            '    some_command for_sub_process_mode\n')
+    code = "if True:\n" "\n" "    some_command for_sub_process_mode\n"
     assert check_parse(code)
 
+
 def test_command_in_func():
-    code = ('def f():\n'
-            '    echo hello\n')
+    code = "def f():\n" "    echo hello\n"
     assert check_parse(code)
 
+
 def test_command_in_func_with_comment():
-    code = ('def f():\n'
-            '    echo hello # comment\n')
+    code = "def f():\n" "    echo hello # comment\n"
     assert check_parse(code)
 
+
 def test_pyeval_redirect():
     code = 'echo @("foo") > bar\n'
     assert check_parse(code)
@@ -105,15 +108,17 @@ def test_pyeval_multiline_str():
 
 
 def test_echo_comma():
-    code = 'echo ,\n'
+    code = "echo ,\n"
     assert check_parse(code)
 
+
 def test_echo_comma_val():
-    code = 'echo ,1\n'
+    code = "echo ,1\n"
     assert check_parse(code)
 
+
 def test_echo_comma_2val():
-    code = 'echo 1,2\n'
+    code = "echo 1,2\n"
     assert check_parse(code)
 
 
@@ -121,10 +126,14 @@ def test_echo_line_cont():
     code = 'echo "1 \\\n2"\n'
     assert check_parse(code)
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('code', [
-    "echo a and \\\necho b\n",
-    "echo a \\\n or echo b\n",
-    "echo a \\\n or echo b and \\\n echo c\n",
-])
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "code",
+    [
+        "echo a and \\\necho b\n",
+        "echo a \\\n or echo b\n",
+        "echo a \\\n or echo b and \\\n echo c\n",
+    ],
+)
 def test_two_echo_line_cont(code):
     assert check_parse(code)

tests/test_foreign_shells.py

@@ -11,68 +11,72 @@ from xonsh.foreign_shells import foreign_shell_data, parse_env, parse_aliases
 
 
 def test_parse_env():
-    exp = {'X': 'YES', 'Y': 'NO'}
-    s = ('some garbage\n'
-         '__XONSH_ENV_BEG__\n'
-         'Y=NO\n'
-         'X=YES\n'
-         '__XONSH_ENV_END__\n'
-         'more filth')
+    exp = {"X": "YES", "Y": "NO"}
+    s = (
+        "some garbage\n"
+        "__XONSH_ENV_BEG__\n"
+        "Y=NO\n"
+        "X=YES\n"
+        "__XONSH_ENV_END__\n"
+        "more filth"
+    )
     obs = parse_env(s)
-    assert exp ==  obs
+    assert exp == obs
 
 
 def test_parse_env_newline():
-    exp = {'X': 'YES', 'Y': 'NO', 'PROMPT': 'why\nme '}
-    s = ('some garbage\n'
-         '__XONSH_ENV_BEG__\n'
-         'Y=NO\n'
-         'PROMPT=why\nme \n'
-         'X=YES\n'
-         '__XONSH_ENV_END__\n'
-         'more filth')
+    exp = {"X": "YES", "Y": "NO", "PROMPT": "why\nme "}
+    s = (
+        "some garbage\n"
+        "__XONSH_ENV_BEG__\n"
+        "Y=NO\n"
+        "PROMPT=why\nme \n"
+        "X=YES\n"
+        "__XONSH_ENV_END__\n"
+        "more filth"
+    )
     obs = parse_env(s)
     assert exp == obs
 
 
 def test_parse_env_equals():
-    exp = {'X': 'YES', 'Y': 'NO', 'LS_COLORS': '*.tar=5'}
-    s = ('some garbage\n'
-         '__XONSH_ENV_BEG__\n'
-         'Y=NO\n'
-         'LS_COLORS=*.tar=5\n'
-         'X=YES\n'
-         '__XONSH_ENV_END__\n'
-         'more filth')
+    exp = {"X": "YES", "Y": "NO", "LS_COLORS": "*.tar=5"}
+    s = (
+        "some garbage\n"
+        "__XONSH_ENV_BEG__\n"
+        "Y=NO\n"
+        "LS_COLORS=*.tar=5\n"
+        "X=YES\n"
+        "__XONSH_ENV_END__\n"
+        "more filth"
+    )
     obs = parse_env(s)
     assert exp == obs
 
 
 def test_parse_aliases():
-    exp = {'x': ['yes', '-1'], 'y': ['echo', 'no']}
-    s = ('some garbage\n'
-         '__XONSH_ALIAS_BEG__\n'
-         "alias x='yes -1'\n"
-         "alias y='echo    no'\n"
-         '__XONSH_ALIAS_END__\n'
-         'more filth')
+    exp = {"x": ["yes", "-1"], "y": ["echo", "no"]}
+    s = (
+        "some garbage\n"
+        "__XONSH_ALIAS_BEG__\n"
+        "alias x='yes -1'\n"
+        "alias y='echo    no'\n"
+        "__XONSH_ALIAS_END__\n"
+        "more filth"
+    )
     obs = parse_aliases(s)
-    assert exp ==  obs
+    assert exp == obs
 
 
 @skip_if_on_windows
 def test_foreign_bash_data():
-    expenv = {"EMERALD": "SWORD", 'MIGHTY': 'WARRIOR'}
-    expaliases = {
-        'l': ['ls', '-CF'],
-        'la': ['ls', '-A'],
-        'll': ['ls', '-a', '-lF'],
-        }
-    rcfile = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'bashrc.sh')
+    expenv = {"EMERALD": "SWORD", "MIGHTY": "WARRIOR"}
+    expaliases = {"l": ["ls", "-CF"], "la": ["ls", "-A"], "ll": ["ls", "-a", "-lF"]}
+    rcfile = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "bashrc.sh")
     try:
-        obsenv, obsaliases = foreign_shell_data('bash', currenv=(),
-                                                extra_args=('--rcfile', rcfile),
-                                                safe=False)
+        obsenv, obsaliases = foreign_shell_data(
+            "bash", currenv=(), extra_args=("--rcfile", rcfile), safe=False
+        )
     except (subprocess.CalledProcessError, FileNotFoundError):
         return
     for key, expval in expenv.items():
@@ -83,18 +87,22 @@ def test_foreign_bash_data():
 
 @skip_if_on_unix
 def test_foreign_cmd_data():
-    env = (('ENV_TO_BE_REMOVED','test'),)
-    batchfile = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'batch.bat')
-    source_cmd ='call "{}"\necho off'.format(batchfile)
+    env = (("ENV_TO_BE_REMOVED", "test"),)
+    batchfile = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "batch.bat")
+    source_cmd = 'call "{}"\necho off'.format(batchfile)
     try:
-        obsenv, _ = foreign_shell_data('cmd',prevcmd=source_cmd,
-                                        currenv=env,
-                                        interactive =False,
-                                        sourcer='call',envcmd='set',
-                                        use_tmpfile=True,
-                                        safe=False)
+        obsenv, _ = foreign_shell_data(
+            "cmd",
+            prevcmd=source_cmd,
+            currenv=env,
+            interactive=False,
+            sourcer="call",
+            envcmd="set",
+            use_tmpfile=True,
+            safe=False,
+        )
     except (subprocess.CalledProcessError, FileNotFoundError):
         return
-    assert 'ENV_TO_BE_ADDED' in obsenv
-    assert obsenv['ENV_TO_BE_ADDED']=='Hallo world'
-    assert 'ENV_TO_BE_REMOVED' not in obsenv
+    assert "ENV_TO_BE_ADDED" in obsenv
+    assert obsenv["ENV_TO_BE_ADDED"] == "Hallo world"
+    assert "ENV_TO_BE_REMOVED" not in obsenv

tests/test_history.py

@@ -12,12 +12,14 @@ from xonsh.history.json import JsonHistory
 from xonsh.history.main import history_main, _xh_parse_args, construct_history
 
 
-CMDS = ['ls', 'cat hello kitty', 'abc', 'def', 'touch me', 'grep from me']
+CMDS = ["ls", "cat hello kitty", "abc", "def", "touch me", "grep from me"]
+
 
 @pytest.yield_fixture
 def hist():
-    h = JsonHistory(filename='xonsh-HISTORY-TEST.json', here='yup',
-                    sessionid='SESSIONID', gc=False)
+    h = JsonHistory(
+        filename="xonsh-HISTORY-TEST.json", here="yup", sessionid="SESSIONID", gc=False
+    )
     yield h
     os.remove(h.filename)
 
@@ -25,25 +27,25 @@ def hist():
 def test_hist_init(hist):
     """Test initialization of the shell history."""
     with LazyJSON(hist.filename) as lj:
-        obs = lj['here']
-    assert 'yup' == obs
+        obs = lj["here"]
+    assert "yup" == obs
 
 
 def test_hist_append(hist, xonsh_builtins):
     """Verify appending to the history works."""
-    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__['HISTCONTROL'] = set()
-    hf = hist.append({'inp': 'still alive', 'rtn': 0})
+    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__["HISTCONTROL"] = set()
+    hf = hist.append({"inp": "still alive", "rtn": 0})
     assert hf is None
-    assert 'still alive' == hist.buffer[0]['inp']
-    assert 0 == hist.buffer[0]['rtn']
+    assert "still alive" == hist.buffer[0]["inp"]
+    assert 0 == hist.buffer[0]["rtn"]
     assert 0 == hist.rtns[-1]
-    hf = hist.append({'inp': 'dead now', 'rtn': 1})
-    assert 'dead now' == hist.buffer[1]['inp']
-    assert 1 == hist.buffer[1]['rtn']
+    hf = hist.append({"inp": "dead now", "rtn": 1})
+    assert "dead now" == hist.buffer[1]["inp"]
+    assert 1 == hist.buffer[1]["rtn"]
     assert 1 == hist.rtns[-1]
-    hf = hist.append({'inp': 'reborn', 'rtn': 0})
-    assert 'reborn' == hist.buffer[2]['inp']
-    assert 0 == hist.buffer[2]['rtn']
+    hf = hist.append({"inp": "reborn", "rtn": 0})
+    assert "reborn" == hist.buffer[2]["inp"]
+    assert 0 == hist.buffer[2]["rtn"]
     assert 0 == hist.rtns[-1]
 
 
@@ -51,62 +53,62 @@ def test_hist_flush(hist, xonsh_builtins):
     """Verify explicit flushing of the history works."""
     hf = hist.flush()
     assert hf is None
-    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__['HISTCONTROL'] = set()
-    hist.append({'inp': 'still alive?', 'rtn': 0, 'out': 'yes'})
+    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__["HISTCONTROL"] = set()
+    hist.append({"inp": "still alive?", "rtn": 0, "out": "yes"})
     hf = hist.flush()
     assert hf is not None
     while hf.is_alive():
         pass
     with LazyJSON(hist.filename) as lj:
-        assert len(lj['cmds']) == 1
-        cmd = lj['cmds'][0]
-        assert cmd['inp'] == 'still alive?'
-        assert not cmd.get('out', None)
+        assert len(lj["cmds"]) == 1
+        cmd = lj["cmds"][0]
+        assert cmd["inp"] == "still alive?"
+        assert not cmd.get("out", None)
 
 
 def test_hist_flush_with_store_stdout(hist, xonsh_builtins):
     """Verify explicit flushing of the history works."""
     hf = hist.flush()
     assert hf is None
-    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__['HISTCONTROL'] = set()
-    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__['XONSH_STORE_STDOUT'] = True
-    hist.append({'inp': 'still alive?', 'rtn': 0, 'out': 'yes'})
+    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__["HISTCONTROL"] = set()
+    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__["XONSH_STORE_STDOUT"] = True
+    hist.append({"inp": "still alive?", "rtn": 0, "out": "yes"})
     hf = hist.flush()
     assert hf is not None
     while hf.is_alive():
         pass
     with LazyJSON(hist.filename) as lj:
-        assert len(lj['cmds']) == 1
-        assert lj['cmds'][0]['inp'] == 'still alive?'
-        assert lj['cmds'][0]['out'].strip() == 'yes'
+        assert len(lj["cmds"]) == 1
+        assert lj["cmds"][0]["inp"] == "still alive?"
+        assert lj["cmds"][0]["out"].strip() == "yes"
 
 
 def test_hist_flush_with_hist_control(hist, xonsh_builtins):
     """Verify explicit flushing of the history works."""
     hf = hist.flush()
     assert hf is None
-    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__['HISTCONTROL'] = 'ignoredups,ignoreerr'
-    hist.append({'inp': 'ls foo1', 'rtn': 0})
-    hist.append({'inp': 'ls foo1', 'rtn': 1})
-    hist.append({'inp': 'ls foo1', 'rtn': 0})
-    hist.append({'inp': 'ls foo2', 'rtn': 2})
-    hist.append({'inp': 'ls foo3', 'rtn': 0})
+    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__["HISTCONTROL"] = "ignoredups,ignoreerr"
+    hist.append({"inp": "ls foo1", "rtn": 0})
+    hist.append({"inp": "ls foo1", "rtn": 1})
+    hist.append({"inp": "ls foo1", "rtn": 0})
+    hist.append({"inp": "ls foo2", "rtn": 2})
+    hist.append({"inp": "ls foo3", "rtn": 0})
     hf = hist.flush()
     assert hf is not None
     while hf.is_alive():
         pass
     assert len(hist.buffer) == 0
     with LazyJSON(hist.filename) as lj:
-        cmds = list(lj['cmds'])
+        cmds = list(lj["cmds"])
         assert len(cmds) == 2
-        assert [x['inp'] for x in cmds] == ['ls foo1', 'ls foo3']
-        assert [x['rtn'] for x in cmds] == [0, 0]
+        assert [x["inp"] for x in cmds] == ["ls foo1", "ls foo3"]
+        assert [x["rtn"] for x in cmds] == [0, 0]
 
 
 def test_cmd_field(hist, xonsh_builtins):
     # in-memory
-    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__['HISTCONTROL'] = set()
-    hf = hist.append({'inp': 'ls foo', 'rtn': 1})
+    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__["HISTCONTROL"] = set()
+    hf = hist.append({"inp": "ls foo", "rtn": 1})
     assert hf is None
     assert 1 == hist.rtns[0]
     assert 1 == hist.rtns[-1]
@@ -121,29 +123,34 @@ def test_cmd_field(hist, xonsh_builtins):
     assert None == hist.outs[-1]
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('inp, commands, offset', [
-    ('', CMDS, (0, 1)),
-    ('-r', list(reversed(CMDS)), (len(CMDS)- 1, -1)),
-    ('0', CMDS[0:1], (0, 1)),
-    ('1', CMDS[1:2], (1, 1)),
-    ('-2', CMDS[-2:-1], (len(CMDS) -2 , 1)),
-    ('1:3', CMDS[1:3], (1, 1)),
-    ('1::2', CMDS[1::2], (1, 2)),
-    ('-4:-2', CMDS[-4:-2], (len(CMDS) - 4, 1))
-    ])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "inp, commands, offset",
+    [
+        ("", CMDS, (0, 1)),
+        ("-r", list(reversed(CMDS)), (len(CMDS) - 1, -1)),
+        ("0", CMDS[0:1], (0, 1)),
+        ("1", CMDS[1:2], (1, 1)),
+        ("-2", CMDS[-2:-1], (len(CMDS) - 2, 1)),
+        ("1:3", CMDS[1:3], (1, 1)),
+        ("1::2", CMDS[1::2], (1, 2)),
+        ("-4:-2", CMDS[-4:-2], (len(CMDS) - 4, 1)),
+    ],
+)
 def test_show_cmd_numerate(inp, commands, offset, hist, xonsh_builtins, capsys):
     """Verify that CLI history commands work."""
     base_idx, step = offset
     xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_history__ = hist
-    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__['HISTCONTROL'] = set()
+    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__["HISTCONTROL"] = set()
     for ts, cmd in enumerate(CMDS):  # populate the shell history
-        hist.append({'inp': cmd, 'rtn': 0, 'ts':(ts + 1, ts + 1.5)})
+        hist.append({"inp": cmd, "rtn": 0, "ts": (ts + 1, ts + 1.5)})
 
-    exp = ('{}: {}'.format(base_idx + idx * step, cmd)
-           for idx, cmd in enumerate(list(commands)))
-    exp = '\n'.join(exp)
+    exp = (
+        "{}: {}".format(base_idx + idx * step, cmd)
+        for idx, cmd in enumerate(list(commands))
+    )
+    exp = "\n".join(exp)
 
-    history_main(['show', '-n'] + shlex.split(inp))
+    history_main(["show", "-n"] + shlex.split(inp))
     out, err = capsys.readouterr()
     assert out.rstrip() == exp
 
@@ -151,124 +158,134 @@ def test_show_cmd_numerate(inp, commands, offset, hist, xonsh_builtins, capsys):
 def test_histcontrol(hist, xonsh_builtins):
     """Test HISTCONTROL=ignoredups,ignoreerr"""
 
-    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__['HISTCONTROL'] = 'ignoredups,ignoreerr'
+    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__["HISTCONTROL"] = "ignoredups,ignoreerr"
     assert len(hist.buffer) == 0
 
     # An error, buffer remains empty
-    hist.append({'inp': 'ls foo', 'rtn': 2})
+    hist.append({"inp": "ls foo", "rtn": 2})
     assert len(hist.buffer) == 1
     assert hist.rtns[-1] == 2
-    assert hist.inps[-1] == 'ls foo'
+    assert hist.inps[-1] == "ls foo"
 
     # Success
-    hist.append({'inp': 'ls foobazz', 'rtn': 0})
+    hist.append({"inp": "ls foobazz", "rtn": 0})
     assert len(hist.buffer) == 2
-    assert 'ls foobazz' == hist.buffer[-1]['inp']
-    assert 0 == hist.buffer[-1]['rtn']
+    assert "ls foobazz" == hist.buffer[-1]["inp"]
+    assert 0 == hist.buffer[-1]["rtn"]
     assert hist.rtns[-1] == 0
-    assert hist.inps[-1] == 'ls foobazz'
+    assert hist.inps[-1] == "ls foobazz"
 
     # Error
-    hist.append({'inp': 'ls foo', 'rtn': 2})
+    hist.append({"inp": "ls foo", "rtn": 2})
     assert len(hist.buffer) == 3
-    assert 'ls foo' == hist.buffer[-1]['inp']
-    assert 2 == hist.buffer[-1]['rtn']
+    assert "ls foo" == hist.buffer[-1]["inp"]
+    assert 2 == hist.buffer[-1]["rtn"]
     assert hist.rtns[-1] == 2
-    assert hist.inps[-1] == 'ls foo'
+    assert hist.inps[-1] == "ls foo"
 
     # File now exists, success
-    hist.append({'inp': 'ls foo', 'rtn': 0})
+    hist.append({"inp": "ls foo", "rtn": 0})
     assert len(hist.buffer) == 4
-    assert 'ls foo' == hist.buffer[-1]['inp']
-    assert 0 == hist.buffer[-1]['rtn']
+    assert "ls foo" == hist.buffer[-1]["inp"]
+    assert 0 == hist.buffer[-1]["rtn"]
     assert hist.rtns[-1] == 0
-    assert hist.inps[-1] == 'ls foo'
+    assert hist.inps[-1] == "ls foo"
 
     # Success
-    hist.append({'inp': 'ls', 'rtn': 0})
+    hist.append({"inp": "ls", "rtn": 0})
     assert len(hist.buffer) == 5
-    assert 'ls' == hist.buffer[-1]['inp']
-    assert 0 == hist.buffer[-1]['rtn']
+    assert "ls" == hist.buffer[-1]["inp"]
+    assert 0 == hist.buffer[-1]["rtn"]
     assert hist.rtns[-1] == 0
-    assert hist.inps[-1] == 'ls'
+    assert hist.inps[-1] == "ls"
 
     # Dup
-    hist.append({'inp': 'ls', 'rtn': 0})
+    hist.append({"inp": "ls", "rtn": 0})
     assert len(hist.buffer) == 6
     assert hist.rtns[-1] == 0
-    assert hist.inps[-1] == 'ls'
+    assert hist.inps[-1] == "ls"
 
     # Success
-    hist.append({'inp': '/bin/ls', 'rtn': 0})
+    hist.append({"inp": "/bin/ls", "rtn": 0})
     assert len(hist.buffer) == 7
-    assert '/bin/ls' == hist.buffer[-1]['inp']
-    assert 0 == hist.buffer[-1]['rtn']
+    assert "/bin/ls" == hist.buffer[-1]["inp"]
+    assert 0 == hist.buffer[-1]["rtn"]
     assert hist.rtns[-1] == 0
-    assert hist.inps[-1] == '/bin/ls'
+    assert hist.inps[-1] == "/bin/ls"
 
     # Error
-    hist.append({'inp': 'ls bazz', 'rtn': 1})
+    hist.append({"inp": "ls bazz", "rtn": 1})
     assert len(hist.buffer) == 8
-    assert 'ls bazz' == hist.buffer[-1]['inp']
-    assert 1 == hist.buffer[-1]['rtn']
+    assert "ls bazz" == hist.buffer[-1]["inp"]
+    assert 1 == hist.buffer[-1]["rtn"]
     assert hist.rtns[-1] == 1
-    assert hist.inps[-1] == 'ls bazz'
+    assert hist.inps[-1] == "ls bazz"
 
     # Error
-    hist.append({'inp': 'ls bazz', 'rtn': -1})
+    hist.append({"inp": "ls bazz", "rtn": -1})
     assert len(hist.buffer) == 9
-    assert 'ls bazz' == hist.buffer[-1]['inp']
-    assert -1 == hist.buffer[-1]['rtn']
+    assert "ls bazz" == hist.buffer[-1]["inp"]
+    assert -1 == hist.buffer[-1]["rtn"]
     assert hist.rtns[-1] == -1
-    assert hist.inps[-1] == 'ls bazz'
+    assert hist.inps[-1] == "ls bazz"
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('args', [ '-h', '--help', 'show -h', 'show --help'])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("args", ["-h", "--help", "show -h", "show --help"])
 def test_parse_args_help(args, capsys):
     with pytest.raises(SystemExit):
         args = _xh_parse_args(shlex.split(args))
-    assert 'show this help message and exit' in capsys.readouterr()[0]
+    assert "show this help message and exit" in capsys.readouterr()[0]
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('args, exp', [
-    ('', ('show', 'session', [], False, False)),
-    ('1:5', ('show', 'session', ['1:5'], False, False)),
-    ('show', ('show', 'session', [], False, False)),
-    ('show 15', ('show', 'session', ['15'], False, False)),
-    ('show bash 3:5 15:66', ('show', 'bash', ['3:5', '15:66'], False, False)),
-    ('show -r', ('show', 'session', [], False, True)),
-    ('show -rn bash', ('show', 'bash', [], True, True)),
-    ('show -n -r -30:20', ('show', 'session', ['-30:20'], True, True)),
-    ('show -n zsh 1:2:3', ('show', 'zsh', ['1:2:3'], True, False))
-    ])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "args, exp",
+    [
+        ("", ("show", "session", [], False, False)),
+        ("1:5", ("show", "session", ["1:5"], False, False)),
+        ("show", ("show", "session", [], False, False)),
+        ("show 15", ("show", "session", ["15"], False, False)),
+        ("show bash 3:5 15:66", ("show", "bash", ["3:5", "15:66"], False, False)),
+        ("show -r", ("show", "session", [], False, True)),
+        ("show -rn bash", ("show", "bash", [], True, True)),
+        ("show -n -r -30:20", ("show", "session", ["-30:20"], True, True)),
+        ("show -n zsh 1:2:3", ("show", "zsh", ["1:2:3"], True, False)),
+    ],
+)
 def test_parser_show(args, exp):
     # use dict instead of argparse.Namespace for pretty pytest diff
-    exp_ns = {'action': exp[0],
-              'session': exp[1],
-              'slices': exp[2],
-              'numerate': exp[3],
-              'reverse': exp[4],
-              'start_time': None,
-              'end_time': None,
-              'datetime_format': None,
-              'timestamp': False,
-              'null_byte': False}
+    exp_ns = {
+        "action": exp[0],
+        "session": exp[1],
+        "slices": exp[2],
+        "numerate": exp[3],
+        "reverse": exp[4],
+        "start_time": None,
+        "end_time": None,
+        "datetime_format": None,
+        "timestamp": False,
+        "null_byte": False,
+    }
     ns = _xh_parse_args(shlex.split(args))
     assert ns.__dict__ == exp_ns
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('index, exp', [
-    (-1, ('grep from me', 'out', 0, (5, 6))),
-    (1, ('cat hello kitty', 'out', 0, (1, 2))),
-    (slice(1, 3), [('cat hello kitty', 'out', 0, (1, 2)),
-                   ('abc', 'out', 0, (2, 3))]),
-])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "index, exp",
+    [
+        (-1, ("grep from me", "out", 0, (5, 6))),
+        (1, ("cat hello kitty", "out", 0, (1, 2))),
+        (
+            slice(1, 3),
+            [("cat hello kitty", "out", 0, (1, 2)), ("abc", "out", 0, (2, 3))],
+        ),
+    ],
+)
 def test_history_getitem(index, exp, hist, xonsh_builtins):
-    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__['HISTCONTROL'] = set()
-    attrs = ('inp', 'out', 'rtn', 'ts')
+    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__["HISTCONTROL"] = set()
+    attrs = ("inp", "out", "rtn", "ts")
 
-    for ts,cmd in enumerate(CMDS):  # populate the shell history
-        entry = {k: v for k, v in zip(attrs, [cmd, 'out', 0, (ts, ts+1)])}
+    for ts, cmd in enumerate(CMDS):  # populate the shell history
+        entry = {k: v for k, v in zip(attrs, [cmd, "out", 0, (ts, ts + 1)])}
         hist.append(entry)
 
     entry = hist[index]
@@ -279,15 +296,15 @@ def test_history_getitem(index, exp, hist, xonsh_builtins):
 
 
 def test_construct_history_str(xonsh_builtins):
-    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__['XONSH_HISTORY_BACKEND'] = 'dummy'
+    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__["XONSH_HISTORY_BACKEND"] = "dummy"
     assert isinstance(construct_history(), DummyHistory)
 
 
 def test_construct_history_class(xonsh_builtins):
-    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__['XONSH_HISTORY_BACKEND'] = DummyHistory
+    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__["XONSH_HISTORY_BACKEND"] = DummyHistory
     assert isinstance(construct_history(), DummyHistory)
 
 
 def test_construct_history_instance(xonsh_builtins):
-    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__['XONSH_HISTORY_BACKEND'] = DummyHistory()
+    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__["XONSH_HISTORY_BACKEND"] = DummyHistory()
     assert isinstance(construct_history(), DummyHistory)

tests/test_history_sqlite.py

@@ -12,42 +12,43 @@ import pytest
 
 @pytest.yield_fixture
 def hist():
-    h = SqliteHistory(filename='xonsh-HISTORY-TEST.sqlite',
-                      sessionid='SESSIONID', gc=False)
+    h = SqliteHistory(
+        filename="xonsh-HISTORY-TEST.sqlite", sessionid="SESSIONID", gc=False
+    )
     yield h
     os.remove(h.filename)
 
 
 def test_hist_append(hist, xonsh_builtins):
     """Verify appending to the history works."""
-    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__['HISTCONTROL'] = set()
-    hf = hist.append({'inp': 'still alive', 'rtn': 1})
+    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__["HISTCONTROL"] = set()
+    hf = hist.append({"inp": "still alive", "rtn": 1})
     assert hf is None
     items = list(hist.items())
     assert len(items) == 1
-    assert 'still alive' == items[0]['inp']
-    assert 1 == items[0]['rtn']
-    hist.append({'inp': 'still alive', 'rtn': 0})
+    assert "still alive" == items[0]["inp"]
+    assert 1 == items[0]["rtn"]
+    hist.append({"inp": "still alive", "rtn": 0})
     items = list(hist.items())
     assert len(items) == 2
-    assert 'still alive' == items[1]['inp']
-    assert 0 == items[1]['rtn']
+    assert "still alive" == items[1]["inp"]
+    assert 0 == items[1]["rtn"]
     assert list(hist.all_items()) == items
 
 
 def test_hist_attrs(hist, xonsh_builtins):
-    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__['HISTCONTROL'] = set()
-    hf = hist.append({'inp': 'ls foo', 'rtn': 1})
+    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__["HISTCONTROL"] = set()
+    hf = hist.append({"inp": "ls foo", "rtn": 1})
     assert hf is None
-    assert 'ls foo' == hist.inps[0]
-    assert 'ls foo' == hist.inps[-1]
+    assert "ls foo" == hist.inps[0]
+    assert "ls foo" == hist.inps[-1]
     assert 1 == hist.rtns[0]
     assert 1 == hist.rtns[-1]
     assert None is hist.outs[-1]
     assert [1] == hist.rtns[:]
-    hist.append({'inp': 'ls bar', 'rtn': 0})
-    assert 'ls bar' == hist.inps[1]
-    assert 'ls bar' == hist.inps[-1]
+    hist.append({"inp": "ls bar", "rtn": 0})
+    assert "ls bar" == hist.inps[1]
+    assert "ls bar" == hist.inps[-1]
     assert 0 == hist.rtns[1]
     assert 0 == hist.rtns[-1]
     assert None is hist.outs[-1]
@@ -56,32 +57,37 @@ def test_hist_attrs(hist, xonsh_builtins):
     assert len(hist.tss[0]) == 2
 
 
-CMDS = ['ls', 'cat hello kitty', 'abc', 'def', 'touch me', 'grep from me']
+CMDS = ["ls", "cat hello kitty", "abc", "def", "touch me", "grep from me"]
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('inp, commands, offset', [
-    ('', CMDS, (0, 1)),
-    ('-r', list(reversed(CMDS)), (len(CMDS) - 1, -1)),
-    ('0', CMDS[0:1], (0, 1)),
-    ('1', CMDS[1:2], (1, 1)),
-    ('-2', CMDS[-2:-1], (len(CMDS) - 2, 1)),
-    ('1:3', CMDS[1:3], (1, 1)),
-    ('1::2', CMDS[1::2], (1, 2)),
-    ('-4:-2', CMDS[-4:-2], (len(CMDS) - 4, 1))
-    ])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "inp, commands, offset",
+    [
+        ("", CMDS, (0, 1)),
+        ("-r", list(reversed(CMDS)), (len(CMDS) - 1, -1)),
+        ("0", CMDS[0:1], (0, 1)),
+        ("1", CMDS[1:2], (1, 1)),
+        ("-2", CMDS[-2:-1], (len(CMDS) - 2, 1)),
+        ("1:3", CMDS[1:3], (1, 1)),
+        ("1::2", CMDS[1::2], (1, 2)),
+        ("-4:-2", CMDS[-4:-2], (len(CMDS) - 4, 1)),
+    ],
+)
 def test_show_cmd_numerate(inp, commands, offset, hist, xonsh_builtins, capsys):
     """Verify that CLI history commands work."""
     base_idx, step = offset
     xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_history__ = hist
-    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__['HISTCONTROL'] = set()
+    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__["HISTCONTROL"] = set()
     for ts, cmd in enumerate(CMDS):  # populate the shell history
-        hist.append({'inp': cmd, 'rtn': 0, 'ts': (ts + 1, ts + 1.5)})
+        hist.append({"inp": cmd, "rtn": 0, "ts": (ts + 1, ts + 1.5)})
 
-    exp = ('{}: {}'.format(base_idx + idx * step, cmd)
-           for idx, cmd in enumerate(list(commands)))
-    exp = '\n'.join(exp)
+    exp = (
+        "{}: {}".format(base_idx + idx * step, cmd)
+        for idx, cmd in enumerate(list(commands))
+    )
+    exp = "\n".join(exp)
 
-    history_main(['show', '-n'] + shlex.split(inp))
+    history_main(["show", "-n"] + shlex.split(inp))
     out, err = capsys.readouterr()
     assert out.rstrip() == exp
 
@@ -89,93 +95,98 @@ def test_show_cmd_numerate(inp, commands, offset, hist, xonsh_builtins, capsys):
 def test_histcontrol(hist, xonsh_builtins):
     """Test HISTCONTROL=ignoredups,ignoreerr"""
 
-    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__['HISTCONTROL'] = 'ignoredups,ignoreerr'
+    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__["HISTCONTROL"] = "ignoredups,ignoreerr"
     assert len(hist) == 0
 
     # An error, items() remains empty
-    hist.append({'inp': 'ls foo', 'rtn': 2})
+    hist.append({"inp": "ls foo", "rtn": 2})
     assert len(hist) == 0
     assert len(hist.inps) == 1
     assert len(hist.rtns) == 1
     assert 2 == hist.rtns[-1]
 
     # Success
-    hist.append({'inp': 'ls foobazz', 'rtn': 0})
+    hist.append({"inp": "ls foobazz", "rtn": 0})
     assert len(hist) == 1
     assert len(hist.inps) == 2
     assert len(hist.rtns) == 2
     items = list(hist.items())
-    assert 'ls foobazz' == items[-1]['inp']
-    assert 0 == items[-1]['rtn']
+    assert "ls foobazz" == items[-1]["inp"]
+    assert 0 == items[-1]["rtn"]
     assert 0 == hist.rtns[-1]
 
     # Error
-    hist.append({'inp': 'ls foo', 'rtn': 2})
+    hist.append({"inp": "ls foo", "rtn": 2})
     assert len(hist) == 1
     items = list(hist.items())
-    assert 'ls foobazz' == items[-1]['inp']
-    assert 0 == items[-1]['rtn']
+    assert "ls foobazz" == items[-1]["inp"]
+    assert 0 == items[-1]["rtn"]
     assert 2 == hist.rtns[-1]
 
     # File now exists, success
-    hist.append({'inp': 'ls foo', 'rtn': 0})
+    hist.append({"inp": "ls foo", "rtn": 0})
     assert len(hist) == 2
     items = list(hist.items())
-    assert 'ls foo' == items[-1]['inp']
-    assert 0 == items[-1]['rtn']
+    assert "ls foo" == items[-1]["inp"]
+    assert 0 == items[-1]["rtn"]
     assert 0 == hist.rtns[-1]
 
     # Success
-    hist.append({'inp': 'ls', 'rtn': 0})
+    hist.append({"inp": "ls", "rtn": 0})
     assert len(hist) == 3
     items = list(hist.items())
-    assert 'ls' == items[-1]['inp']
-    assert 0 == items[-1]['rtn']
+    assert "ls" == items[-1]["inp"]
+    assert 0 == items[-1]["rtn"]
     assert 0 == hist.rtns[-1]
 
     # Dup
-    hist.append({'inp': 'ls', 'rtn': 0})
+    hist.append({"inp": "ls", "rtn": 0})
     assert len(hist) == 3
 
     # Success
-    hist.append({'inp': '/bin/ls', 'rtn': 0})
+    hist.append({"inp": "/bin/ls", "rtn": 0})
     assert len(hist) == 4
     items = list(hist.items())
-    assert '/bin/ls' == items[-1]['inp']
-    assert 0 == items[-1]['rtn']
+    assert "/bin/ls" == items[-1]["inp"]
+    assert 0 == items[-1]["rtn"]
     assert 0 == hist.rtns[-1]
 
     # Error
-    hist.append({'inp': 'ls bazz', 'rtn': 1})
+    hist.append({"inp": "ls bazz", "rtn": 1})
     assert len(hist) == 4
     items = list(hist.items())
-    assert '/bin/ls' == items[-1]['inp']
-    assert 0 == items[-1]['rtn']
-    assert 'ls bazz' == hist.inps[-1]
+    assert "/bin/ls" == items[-1]["inp"]
+    assert 0 == items[-1]["rtn"]
+    assert "ls bazz" == hist.inps[-1]
     assert 1 == hist.rtns[-1]
 
     # Error
-    hist.append({'inp': 'ls bazz', 'rtn': -1})
+    hist.append({"inp": "ls bazz", "rtn": -1})
     assert len(hist) == 4
     items = list(hist.items())
-    assert '/bin/ls' == items[-1]['inp']
-    assert 0 == items[-1]['rtn']
+    assert "/bin/ls" == items[-1]["inp"]
+    assert 0 == items[-1]["rtn"]
     assert -1 == hist.rtns[-1]
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('index, exp', [
-    (-1, ('grep from me', 'out', 0, (5, 6))),
-    (1, ('cat hello kitty', 'out', 0, (1, 2))),
-    (slice(1, 3), [('cat hello kitty', 'out', 0, (1, 2)),
-                   ('abc', 'out', 0, (2, 3))]),
-])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "index, exp",
+    [
+        (-1, ("grep from me", "out", 0, (5, 6))),
+        (1, ("cat hello kitty", "out", 0, (1, 2))),
+        (
+            slice(1, 3),
+            [("cat hello kitty", "out", 0, (1, 2)), ("abc", "out", 0, (2, 3))],
+        ),
+    ],
+)
 def test_history_getitem(index, exp, hist, xonsh_builtins):
-    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__['HISTCONTROL'] = set()
-    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__['XONSH_STORE_STDOUT'] = True
-    attrs = ('inp', 'out', 'rtn', 'ts')
+    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__["HISTCONTROL"] = set()
+    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__["XONSH_STORE_STDOUT"] = True
+    attrs = ("inp", "out", "rtn", "ts")
 
     for ts, cmd in enumerate(CMDS):  # populate the shell history
-        entry = {k: v for k, v in zip(attrs, [cmd, 'out', 0, (ts, ts + 1)])}
+        entry = {k: v for k, v in zip(attrs, [cmd, "out", 0, (ts, ts + 1)])}
         hist.append(entry)
 
     entry = hist[index]

tests/test_imphooks.py

@@ -16,30 +16,34 @@ imphooks.install_import_hooks()
 @pytest.yield_fixture(autouse=True)
 def imp_env():
     execer = Execer(unload=False)
-    builtins.__xonsh_env__ = Env({'PATH': [], 'PATHEXT': []})
+    builtins.__xonsh_env__ = Env({"PATH": [], "PATHEXT": []})
     yield
     unload_builtins()
 
 
 def test_import():
     import sample
-    assert ('hello mom jawaka\n' == sample.x)
+
+    assert "hello mom jawaka\n" == sample.x
 
 
 def test_absolute_import():
     from xpack import sample
-    assert ('hello mom jawaka\n' == sample.x)
+
+    assert "hello mom jawaka\n" == sample.x
 
 
 def test_relative_import():
     from xpack import relimp
-    assert ('hello mom jawaka\n' == relimp.sample.x)
-    assert ('hello mom jawaka\ndark chest of wonders' == relimp.y)
+
+    assert "hello mom jawaka\n" == relimp.sample.x
+    assert "hello mom jawaka\ndark chest of wonders" == relimp.y
 
 
 def test_sub_import():
     from xpack.sub import sample
-    assert ('hello mom jawaka\n' == sample.x)
+
+    assert "hello mom jawaka\n" == sample.x
 
 
 TEST_DIR = os.path.dirname(__file__)
@@ -47,11 +51,13 @@ TEST_DIR = os.path.dirname(__file__)
 
 def test_module_dunder_file_attribute():
     import sample
-    exp = os.path.join(TEST_DIR, 'sample.xsh')
+
+    exp = os.path.join(TEST_DIR, "sample.xsh")
     assert os.path.abspath(sample.__file__) == exp
 
 
 def test_module_dunder_file_attribute_sub():
     from xpack.sub import sample
-    exp = os.path.join(TEST_DIR, 'xpack', 'sub', 'sample.xsh')
+
+    exp = os.path.join(TEST_DIR, "xpack", "sub", "sample.xsh")
     assert os.path.abspath(sample.__file__) == exp

tests/test_integrations.py

@@ -8,12 +8,18 @@ import pytest
 import xonsh
 from xonsh.platform import ON_WINDOWS
 
-from tools import (skip_if_on_windows, skip_if_on_darwin, skip_if_on_travis,
-    ON_WINDOWS, ON_DARWIN, ON_TRAVIS)
+from tools import (
+    skip_if_on_windows,
+    skip_if_on_darwin,
+    skip_if_on_travis,
+    ON_WINDOWS,
+    ON_DARWIN,
+    ON_TRAVIS,
+)
 
 
 XONSH_PREFIX = xonsh.__file__
-if 'site-packages' in XONSH_PREFIX:
+if "site-packages" in XONSH_PREFIX:
     # must be installed version of xonsh
     num_up = 5
 else:
@@ -21,34 +27,43 @@ else:
     num_up = 2
 for i in range(num_up):
     XONSH_PREFIX = os.path.dirname(XONSH_PREFIX)
-PATH = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'bin') + os.pathsep + \
-       os.path.join(XONSH_PREFIX, 'bin') + os.pathsep + \
-       os.path.join(XONSH_PREFIX, 'Scripts') + os.pathsep + \
-       os.path.join(XONSH_PREFIX, 'scripts') + os.pathsep + \
-       os.path.dirname(sys.executable) + os.pathsep + \
-       os.environ['PATH']
+PATH = (
+    os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "bin")
+    + os.pathsep
+    + os.path.join(XONSH_PREFIX, "bin")
+    + os.pathsep
+    + os.path.join(XONSH_PREFIX, "Scripts")
+    + os.pathsep
+    + os.path.join(XONSH_PREFIX, "scripts")
+    + os.pathsep
+    + os.path.dirname(sys.executable)
+    + os.pathsep
+    + os.environ["PATH"]
+)
 
 
-skip_if_no_xonsh = pytest.mark.skipif(shutil.which('xonsh', path=PATH) is None,
-                                      reason='xonsh not on path')
+skip_if_no_xonsh = pytest.mark.skipif(
+    shutil.which("xonsh", path=PATH) is None, reason="xonsh not on path"
+)
 
 
 def run_xonsh(cmd, stdin=sp.PIPE, stdout=sp.PIPE, stderr=sp.STDOUT):
     env = dict(os.environ)
-    env['PATH'] = PATH
-    env['XONSH_DEBUG'] = '1'
-    env['XONSH_SHOW_TRACEBACK'] = '1'
-    env['RAISE_SUBPROC_ERROR'] = '1'
-    env['PROMPT'] = ''
-    xonsh = 'xonsh.bat' if ON_WINDOWS else 'xon.sh'
+    env["PATH"] = PATH
+    env["XONSH_DEBUG"] = "1"
+    env["XONSH_SHOW_TRACEBACK"] = "1"
+    env["RAISE_SUBPROC_ERROR"] = "1"
+    env["PROMPT"] = ""
+    xonsh = "xonsh.bat" if ON_WINDOWS else "xon.sh"
     xonsh = shutil.which(xonsh, path=PATH)
-    proc = sp.Popen([xonsh, '--no-rc'],
-                    env=env,
-                    stdin=stdin,
-                    stdout=stdout,
-                    stderr=stderr,
-                    universal_newlines=True,
-                    )
+    proc = sp.Popen(
+        [xonsh, "--no-rc"],
+        env=env,
+        stdin=stdin,
+        stdout=stdout,
+        stderr=stderr,
+        universal_newlines=True,
+    )
     try:
         out, err = proc.communicate(input=cmd, timeout=10)
     except sp.TimeoutExpired:
@@ -75,16 +90,21 @@ def check_run_xonsh(cmd, fmt, exp):
 #
 
 ALL_PLATFORMS = [
-# test calling a function alias
-("""
+    # test calling a function alias
+    (
+        """
 def _f():
     print('hello')
 
 aliases['f'] = _f
 f
-""", "hello\n", 0),
-# test redirecting a function alias to a file
-("""
+""",
+        "hello\n",
+        0,
+    ),
+    # test redirecting a function alias to a file
+    (
+        """
 def _f():
     print('Wow Mom!')
 
@@ -94,27 +114,39 @@ f > tttt
 with open('tttt') as tttt:
     s = tttt.read().strip()
 print('REDIRECTED OUTPUT: ' + s)
-""", "REDIRECTED OUTPUT: Wow Mom!\n", 0),
-# test redirecting a function alias from stderr -> stdout
-("""
+""",
+        "REDIRECTED OUTPUT: Wow Mom!\n",
+        0,
+    ),
+    # test redirecting a function alias from stderr -> stdout
+    (
+        """
 def _f(args, stdin, stdout, stderr):
     print('The Truth is Out There', file=stderr)
 
 aliases['f'] = _f
 f e>o
-""", "The Truth is Out There\n", 0),
-# test system exit in function alias
-("""
+""",
+        "The Truth is Out There\n",
+        0,
+    ),
+    # test system exit in function alias
+    (
+        """
 import sys
 def _f():
     sys.exit(42)
 
 aliases['f'] = _f
 print(![f].returncode)
-""", "42\n", 0),
-# test uncaptured streaming alias,
-# order actually printed in is non-deterministic
-("""
+""",
+        "42\n",
+        0,
+    ),
+    # test uncaptured streaming alias,
+    # order actually printed in is non-deterministic
+    (
+        """
 def _test_stream(args, stdin, stdout, stderr):
     print('hallo on stream', file=stderr)
     print('hallo on stream', file=stdout)
@@ -123,9 +155,13 @@ def _test_stream(args, stdin, stdout, stderr):
 aliases['test-stream'] = _test_stream
 x = ![test-stream]
 print(x.returncode)
-""", "hallo on stream\nhallo on stream\n1\n", 0),
-# test captured streaming alias
-("""
+""",
+        "hallo on stream\nhallo on stream\n1\n",
+        0,
+    ),
+    # test captured streaming alias
+    (
+        """
 def _test_stream(args, stdin, stdout, stderr):
     print('hallo on err', file=stderr)
     print('hallo on out', file=stdout)
@@ -134,9 +170,13 @@ def _test_stream(args, stdin, stdout, stderr):
 aliases['test-stream'] = _test_stream
 x = !(test-stream)
 print(x.returncode)
-""", "hallo on err\n1\n", 0),
-# test piping aliases
-("""
+""",
+        "hallo on err\n1\n",
+        0,
+    ),
+    # test piping aliases
+    (
+        """
 def dummy(args, inn, out, err):
     out.write('hey!')
     return 0
@@ -149,32 +189,48 @@ def dummy2(args, inn, out, err):
 aliases['d'] = dummy
 aliases['d2'] = dummy2
 d | d2
-""", "HEY!", 0),
-# test output larger than most pipe buffers
-("""
+""",
+        "HEY!",
+        0,
+    ),
+    # test output larger than most pipe buffers
+    (
+        """
 def _g(args, stdin=None):
     for i in range(1000):
         print('x' * 100)
 
 aliases['g'] = _g
 g
-""", (("x"*100) + '\n') * 1000, 0),
-# test piping 'real' command
-("""
+""",
+        (("x" * 100) + "\n") * 1000,
+        0,
+    ),
+    # test piping 'real' command
+    (
+        """
 with open('tttt', 'w') as fp:
     fp.write("Wow mom!\\n")
 
 ![cat tttt | wc]
-""", '      1       2      10\n' if ON_WINDOWS else " 1  2 9 <stdin>\n", 0),
-# test double  piping 'real' command
-("""
+""",
+        "      1       2      10\n" if ON_WINDOWS else " 1  2 9 <stdin>\n",
+        0,
+    ),
+    # test double  piping 'real' command
+    (
+        """
 with open('tttt', 'w') as fp:
     fp.write("Wow mom!\\n")
 
 ![cat tttt | wc | wc]
-""", '      1       3      24\n' if ON_WINDOWS else " 1  4 16 <stdin>\n", 0),
-# test unthreadable alias (which should trigger a ProcPoxy call)
-("""
+""",
+        "      1       3      24\n" if ON_WINDOWS else " 1  4 16 <stdin>\n",
+        0,
+    ),
+    # test unthreadable alias (which should trigger a ProcPoxy call)
+    (
+        """
 from xonsh.tools import unthreadable
 
 @unthreadable
@@ -183,9 +239,13 @@ def _f():
 
 aliases['f'] = _f
 f
-""", "hello\n", 0),
-# test ambiguous globs
-("""
+""",
+        "hello\n",
+        0,
+    ),
+    # test ambiguous globs
+    (
+        """
 import os
 
 def _echo(args):
@@ -208,42 +268,56 @@ echo *_test.tst and echo *.tst
 for f in files:
     os.remove(f)
 """,
-'Actually.tst Actually_test.tst Complete.tst Complete_test.tst\n'
-'Actually_test.tst Complete_test.tst\n'
-'Actually_test.tst Complete_test.tst\n'
-'Actually_test.tst Complete_test.tst\n'
-'Actually.tst Actually_test.tst Complete.tst Complete_test.tst\n',
-0),
-#
-# test ambiguous line continuations
-#
-("""
+        "Actually.tst Actually_test.tst Complete.tst Complete_test.tst\n"
+        "Actually_test.tst Complete_test.tst\n"
+        "Actually_test.tst Complete_test.tst\n"
+        "Actually_test.tst Complete_test.tst\n"
+        "Actually.tst Actually_test.tst Complete.tst Complete_test.tst\n",
+        0,
+    ),
+    #
+    # test ambiguous line continuations
+    #
+    (
+        """
 def _echo(args):
     print(' '.join(args))
 aliases['echo'] = _echo
 
 echo --option1 \
 --option2
-""", '--option1 --option2\n', 0),
-#
-# test @$() with aliases
-#
-("""
+""",
+        "--option1 --option2\n",
+        0,
+    ),
+    #
+    # test @$() with aliases
+    #
+    (
+        """
 aliases['ls'] = 'spam spam sausage spam'
 
 echo @$(which ls)
-""", 'spam spam sausage spam\n', 0),
-#
-# test redirection
-#
-("""
+""",
+        "spam spam sausage spam\n",
+        0,
+    ),
+    #
+    # test redirection
+    #
+    (
+        """
 echo Just the place for a snark. >tttt
 cat tttt
-""", 'Just the place for a snark.\n', 0),
-#
-# Test completion registration and subproc stack
-#
-("""
+""",
+        "Just the place for a snark.\n",
+        0,
+    ),
+    #
+    # Test completion registration and subproc stack
+    #
+    (
+        """
 def _f():
     def j():
         pass
@@ -260,12 +334,14 @@ def _f():
 _f()
 del _f
 
-"""
-, '', 0),
+""",
+        "",
+        0,
+    ),
 ]
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('case', ALL_PLATFORMS)
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("case", ALL_PLATFORMS)
 def test_script(case):
     script, exp_out, exp_rtn = case
     out, err, rtn = run_xonsh(script)
@@ -274,99 +350,121 @@ def test_script(case):
 
 
 ALL_PLATFORMS_STDERR = [
-# test redirecting a function alias
-("""
+    # test redirecting a function alias
+    (
+        """
 def _f(args, stdin, stdout):
     print('Wow Mom!', file=stdout)
 
 aliases['f'] = _f
 f o>e
-""", "Wow Mom!\n", 0),
+""",
+        "Wow Mom!\n",
+        0,
+    )
 ]
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('case', ALL_PLATFORMS_STDERR)
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("case", ALL_PLATFORMS_STDERR)
 def test_script_stderr(case):
     script, exp_err, exp_rtn = case
     out, err, rtn = run_xonsh(script, stderr=sp.PIPE)
     assert exp_err == err
     assert exp_rtn == rtn
 
+
 @skip_if_on_windows
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('cmd, fmt, exp', [
-    ('pwd', None, lambda: os.getcwd() + '\n'),
-    ('echo WORKING', None, 'WORKING\n'),
-    ('ls -f', lambda out: out.splitlines().sort(), os.listdir().sort()),
-    ])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "cmd, fmt, exp",
+    [
+        ("pwd", None, lambda: os.getcwd() + "\n"),
+        ("echo WORKING", None, "WORKING\n"),
+        ("ls -f", lambda out: out.splitlines().sort(), os.listdir().sort()),
+    ],
+)
 def test_single_command_no_windows(cmd, fmt, exp):
     check_run_xonsh(cmd, fmt, exp)
 
 
 def test_eof_syntax_error():
     """Ensures syntax errors for EOF appear on last line."""
-    script = 'x = 1\na = (1, 0\n'
+    script = "x = 1\na = (1, 0\n"
     out, err, rtn = run_xonsh(script, stderr=sp.PIPE)
-    assert ':0:0: EOF in multi-line statement' not in err
-    assert ':2:0: EOF in multi-line statement' in err
+    assert ":0:0: EOF in multi-line statement" not in err
+    assert ":2:0: EOF in multi-line statement" in err
 
 
 def test_open_quote_syntax_error():
-    script = ('#!/usr/bin/env xonsh\n\n'
-              'echo "This is line 3"\n'
-              'print ("This is line 4")\n'
-              'x = "This is a string where I forget the closing quote on line 5\n'
-              'echo "This is line 6"\n')
+    script = (
+        "#!/usr/bin/env xonsh\n\n"
+        'echo "This is line 3"\n'
+        'print ("This is line 4")\n'
+        'x = "This is a string where I forget the closing quote on line 5\n'
+        'echo "This is line 6"\n'
+    )
     out, err, rtn = run_xonsh(script, stderr=sp.PIPE)
     assert """:3:5: ('code: "This is line 3"',)""" not in err
     assert ':5:4: "' in err
-    assert 'SyntaxError:' in err
+    assert "SyntaxError:" in err
 
 
-_bad_case = pytest.mark.skipif(ON_DARWIN or ON_WINDOWS or ON_TRAVIS,
-                               reason="bad platforms")
+_bad_case = pytest.mark.skipif(
+    ON_DARWIN or ON_WINDOWS or ON_TRAVIS, reason="bad platforms"
+)
+
 
 @_bad_case
 def test_printfile():
-    check_run_xonsh('printfile.xsh', None, 'printfile.xsh\n')
+    check_run_xonsh("printfile.xsh", None, "printfile.xsh\n")
 
 
 @_bad_case
 def test_printname():
-    check_run_xonsh('printfile.xsh', None, 'printfile.xsh\n')
+    check_run_xonsh("printfile.xsh", None, "printfile.xsh\n")
 
 
 @_bad_case
 def test_sourcefile():
-    check_run_xonsh('printfile.xsh', None, 'printfile.xsh\n')
+    check_run_xonsh("printfile.xsh", None, "printfile.xsh\n")
 
 
 @_bad_case
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('cmd, fmt, exp', [
-    # test subshell wrapping
-    ("""
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "cmd, fmt, exp",
+    [
+        # test subshell wrapping
+        (
+            """
 with open('tttt', 'w') as fp:
     fp.write("Wow mom!\\n")
 
 (wc) < tttt
-""", None, " 1  2 9 <stdin>\n"),
-    # test subshell statement wrapping
-    ("""
+""",
+            None,
+            " 1  2 9 <stdin>\n",
+        ),
+        # test subshell statement wrapping
+        (
+            """
 with open('tttt', 'w') as fp:
     fp.write("Wow mom!\\n")
 
 (wc;) < tttt
-""", None, " 1  2 9 <stdin>\n"),
-])
+""",
+            None,
+            " 1  2 9 <stdin>\n",
+        ),
+    ],
+)
 def test_subshells(cmd, fmt, exp):
     check_run_xonsh(cmd, fmt, exp)
 
 
 @skip_if_on_windows
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('cmd, exp', [
-    ('pwd', lambda: os.getcwd() + '\n'),
-    ])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("cmd, exp", [("pwd", lambda: os.getcwd() + "\n")])
 def test_redirect_out_to_file(cmd, exp, tmpdir):
-    outfile = tmpdir.mkdir('xonsh_test_dir').join('xonsh_test_file')
-    command = '{} > {}\n'.format(cmd, outfile)
+    outfile = tmpdir.mkdir("xonsh_test_dir").join("xonsh_test_file")
+    command = "{} > {}\n".format(cmd, outfile)
     out, _, _ = run_xonsh(command)
     content = outfile.read()
     if callable(exp):

tests/test_jsonutils.py

@@ -8,13 +8,18 @@ from xonsh.tools import EnvPath
 from xonsh.jsonutils import serialize_xonsh_json
 
 
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('inp', [
-    42, "yo", ["hello"], {"x": 65},
-    EnvPath(["wakka", "jawaka"]),
-    ["y", EnvPath(["wakka", "jawaka"])],
-    {"z": EnvPath(["wakka", "jawaka"])},
-])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "inp",
+    [
+        42,
+        "yo",
+        ["hello"],
+        {"x": 65},
+        EnvPath(["wakka", "jawaka"]),
+        ["y", EnvPath(["wakka", "jawaka"])],
+        {"z": EnvPath(["wakka", "jawaka"])},
+    ],
+)
 def test_serialize_xonsh_json_roundtrip(inp):
     s = json.dumps(inp, default=serialize_xonsh_json)
     obs = json.loads(s)

tests/test_lazyasd.py

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ from xonsh.lazyasd import LazyObject
 # LazyObject Tests
 #
 
-def test_lazyobject_getitem():
-    lo = LazyObject(lambda: {'x': 1}, {}, 'lo')
-    assert 1 == lo['x']
 
+def test_lazyobject_getitem():
+    lo = LazyObject(lambda: {"x": 1}, {}, "lo")
+    assert 1 == lo["x"]

tests/test_lazyjson.py

@@ -5,65 +5,78 @@ from io import StringIO
 
 from xonsh.lazyjson import index, ljdump, LazyJSON, LJNode
 
+
 def test_index_int():
-    exp = {'offsets': 0, 'sizes': 2}
+    exp = {"offsets": 0, "sizes": 2}
     s, obs = index(42)
     assert exp == obs
 
+
 def test_index_str():
-    exp = {'offsets': 0, 'sizes': 7}
-    s, obs = index('wakka')
+    exp = {"offsets": 0, "sizes": 7}
+    s, obs = index("wakka")
     assert exp == obs
 
+
 def test_index_list_ints():
-    exp = {'offsets': [1, 4, 0], 'sizes': [1, 2, 8]}
+    exp = {"offsets": [1, 4, 0], "sizes": [1, 2, 8]}
     s, obs = index([1, 42])
     assert exp == obs
 
+
 def test_index_list_str():
-    exp = {'offsets': [1, 10, 0], 'sizes': [7, 8, 20]}
-    s, obs = index(['wakka', 'jawaka'])
+    exp = {"offsets": [1, 10, 0], "sizes": [7, 8, 20]}
+    s, obs = index(["wakka", "jawaka"])
     assert exp == obs
 
+
 def test_index_list_str_int():
-    exp = {'offsets': [1, 10, 0], 'sizes': [7, 2, 14]}
-    s, obs = index(['wakka', 42])
+    exp = {"offsets": [1, 10, 0], "sizes": [7, 2, 14]}
+    s, obs = index(["wakka", 42])
     assert exp == obs
 
+
 def test_index_list_int_str():
-    exp = {'offsets': [1, 5, 14, 0], 'sizes': [2, 7, 8, 24]}
-    s, obs = index([42, 'wakka', 'jawaka'])
+    exp = {"offsets": [1, 5, 14, 0], "sizes": [2, 7, 8, 24]}
+    s, obs = index([42, "wakka", "jawaka"])
     assert exp == obs
 
+
 def test_index_dict_int():
-    exp = {'offsets': {'wakka': 10, '__total__': 0},
-           'sizes': {'wakka': 2, '__total__': 14}}
-    s, obs = index({'wakka': 42})
+    exp = {
+        "offsets": {"wakka": 10, "__total__": 0},
+        "sizes": {"wakka": 2, "__total__": 14},
+    }
+    s, obs = index({"wakka": 42})
     assert exp == obs
 
+
 def test_index_dict_str():
-    exp = {'offsets': {'wakka': 10, '__total__': 0},
-           'sizes': {'wakka': 8, '__total__': 20}}
-    s, obs = index({'wakka': 'jawaka'})
+    exp = {
+        "offsets": {"wakka": 10, "__total__": 0},
+        "sizes": {"wakka": 8, "__total__": 20},
+    }
+    s, obs = index({"wakka": "jawaka"})
     assert exp == obs
 
+
 def test_index_dict_dict_int():
-    exp = {'offsets': {'wakka': {'jawaka': 21, '__total__': 10},
-                      '__total__': 0,
-                      },
-           'sizes': {'wakka': {'jawaka': 2, '__total__': 15},
-                    '__total__': 27}
-           }
-    s, obs = index({'wakka': {'jawaka': 42}})
+    exp = {
+        "offsets": {"wakka": {"jawaka": 21, "__total__": 10}, "__total__": 0},
+        "sizes": {"wakka": {"jawaka": 2, "__total__": 15}, "__total__": 27},
+    }
+    s, obs = index({"wakka": {"jawaka": 42}})
     assert exp == obs
 
+
 def test_lazy_load_index():
     f = StringIO()
-    ljdump({'wakka': 42}, f)
+    ljdump({"wakka": 42}, f)
     f.seek(0)
     lj = LazyJSON(f)
-    assert {'wakka': 10, '__total__': 0} == lj.offsets
-    assert {'wakka': 2, '__total__': 14} == lj.sizes
+    assert {"wakka": 10, "__total__": 0} == lj.offsets
+    assert {"wakka": 2, "__total__": 14} == lj.sizes
+
 
 def test_lazy_int():
     f = StringIO()
@@ -72,12 +85,14 @@ def test_lazy_int():
     lj = LazyJSON(f)
     assert 42 == lj.load()
 
+
 def test_lazy_str():
     f = StringIO()
-    ljdump('wakka', f)
+    ljdump("wakka", f)
     f.seek(0)
     lj = LazyJSON(f)
-    assert 'wakka' == lj.load()
+    assert "wakka" == lj.load()
+
 
 def test_lazy_list_empty():
     x = []
@@ -88,6 +103,7 @@ def test_lazy_list_empty():
     assert 0 == len(lj)
     assert x == lj.load()
 
+
 def test_lazy_list_ints():
     x = [0, 1, 6, 28, 496, 8128]
     f = StringIO()
@@ -99,17 +115,19 @@ def test_lazy_list_ints():
     assert x == [_ for _ in lj]
     assert x == lj.load()
 
+
 def test_lazy_list_str():
-    x = ['I', 'have', 'seen', 'the', 'wind', 'blow']
+    x = ["I", "have", "seen", "the", "wind", "blow"]
     f = StringIO()
     ljdump(x, f)
     f.seek(0)
     lj = LazyJSON(f)
-    assert 'the' == lj[3]
+    assert "the" == lj[3]
     assert x[:2:-2] == lj[:2:-2]
     assert x == [_ for _ in lj]
     assert x == lj.load()
 
+
 def test_lazy_list_list_ints():
     x = [[0, 1], [6, 28], [496, 8128]]
     f = StringIO()
@@ -121,6 +139,7 @@ def test_lazy_list_list_ints():
     assert [6 == 28], lj[1].load()
     assert x == lj.load()
 
+
 def test_lazy_dict_empty():
     x = {}
     f = StringIO()
@@ -130,24 +149,26 @@ def test_lazy_dict_empty():
     assert 0 == len(lj)
     assert x == lj.load()
 
+
 def test_lazy_dict():
     f = StringIO()
-    ljdump({'wakka': 42}, f)
+    ljdump({"wakka": 42}, f)
     f.seek(0)
     lj = LazyJSON(f)
-    assert ['wakka'] == list(lj.keys())
-    assert 42 == lj['wakka']
+    assert ["wakka"] == list(lj.keys())
+    assert 42 == lj["wakka"]
     assert 1 == len(lj)
-    assert {'wakka': 42} == lj.load()
+    assert {"wakka": 42} == lj.load()
+
 
 def test_lazy_dict_dict_int():
-    x = {'wakka': {'jawaka': 42}}
+    x = {"wakka": {"jawaka": 42}}
     f = StringIO()
     ljdump(x, f)
     f.seek(0)
     lj = LazyJSON(f)
-    assert ['wakka'] == list(lj.keys())
-    assert isinstance(lj['wakka'], LJNode)
-    assert 42 == lj['wakka']['jawaka']
+    assert ["wakka"] == list(lj.keys())
+    assert isinstance(lj["wakka"], LJNode)
+    assert 42 == lj["wakka"]["jawaka"]
     assert 1 == len(lj)
     assert x == lj.load()

tests/test_lexer.py

@@ -4,7 +4,8 @@ from __future__ import unicode_literals, print_function
 import os
 import sys
 from collections import Sequence
-sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath('..'))  # FIXME
+
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath(".."))  # FIXME
 from pprint import pformat
 
 import pytest
@@ -17,19 +18,20 @@ except ImportError:
 
 from xonsh.lexer import Lexer
 
-LEXER_ARGS = {'lextab': 'lexer_test_table', 'debug': 0}
+LEXER_ARGS = {"lextab": "lexer_test_table", "debug": 0}
+
 
 def ensure_tuple(x):
     if isinstance(x, LexToken):
         # line numbers can no longer be solely determined from the lexer
-        #x = (x.type, x.value, x.lineno, x.lexpos)
+        # x = (x.type, x.value, x.lineno, x.lexpos)
         x = (x.type, x.value, x.lexpos)
     elif isinstance(x, tuple):
         pass
     elif isinstance(x, Sequence):
         x = tuple(x)
     else:
-        raise TypeError('{0} is not a sequence'.format(x))
+        raise TypeError("{0} is not a sequence".format(x))
     return x
 
 
@@ -43,7 +45,7 @@ def tokens_equal(x, y):
 def assert_token_equal(x, y):
     """Asserts that two tokens are equal."""
     if not tokens_equal(x, y):
-        msg = 'The tokens differ: {0!r} != {1!r}'.format(x, y)
+        msg = "The tokens differ: {0!r} != {1!r}".format(x, y)
         pytest.fail(msg)
     return True
 
@@ -51,15 +53,15 @@ def assert_token_equal(x, y):
 def assert_tokens_equal(x, y):
     """Asserts that two token sequences are equal."""
     if len(x) != len(y):
-        msg = 'The tokens sequences have different lengths: {0!r} != {1!r}\n'
-        msg += '# x\n{2}\n\n# y\n{3}'
+        msg = "The tokens sequences have different lengths: {0!r} != {1!r}\n"
+        msg += "# x\n{2}\n\n# y\n{3}"
         pytest.fail(msg.format(len(x), len(y), pformat(x), pformat(y)))
     diffs = [(a, b) for a, b in zip(x, y) if not tokens_equal(a, b)]
     if len(diffs) > 0:
-        msg = ['The token sequences differ: ']
+        msg = ["The token sequences differ: "]
         for a, b in diffs:
-            msg += ['', '- ' + repr(a), '+ ' + repr(b)]
-        msg = '\n'.join(msg)
+            msg += ["", "- " + repr(a), "+ " + repr(b)]
+        msg = "\n".join(msg)
         pytest.fail(msg)
     return True
 
@@ -69,8 +71,8 @@ def check_token(inp, exp):
     l.input(inp)
     obs = list(l)
     if len(obs) != 1:
-        msg = 'The observed sequence does not have length-1: {0!r} != 1\n'
-        msg += '# obs\n{1}'
+        msg = "The observed sequence does not have length-1: {0!r} != 1\n"
+        msg += "# obs\n{1}"
         pytest.fail(msg.format(len(obs), pformat(obs)))
     return assert_token_equal(exp, obs[0])
 
@@ -84,347 +86,365 @@ def check_tokens(inp, exp):
 
 def check_tokens_subproc(inp, exp, stop=-1):
     l = Lexer()
-    l.input('$[{}]'.format(inp))
+    l.input("$[{}]".format(inp))
     obs = list(l)[1:stop]
     return assert_tokens_equal(exp, obs)
 
 
 def test_int_literal():
-    assert check_token('42', ['NUMBER', '42', 0])
-    assert check_token('4_2', ['NUMBER', '4_2', 0])
+    assert check_token("42", ["NUMBER", "42", 0])
+    assert check_token("4_2", ["NUMBER", "4_2", 0])
 
 
 def test_hex_literal():
-    assert check_token('0x42', ['NUMBER', '0x42', 0])
-    assert check_token('0x4_2', ['NUMBER', '0x4_2', 0])
+    assert check_token("0x42", ["NUMBER", "0x42", 0])
+    assert check_token("0x4_2", ["NUMBER", "0x4_2", 0])
 
 
 def test_oct_o_literal():
-    assert check_token('0o42', ['NUMBER', '0o42', 0])
-    assert check_token('0o4_2', ['NUMBER', '0o4_2', 0])
+    assert check_token("0o42", ["NUMBER", "0o42", 0])
+    assert check_token("0o4_2", ["NUMBER", "0o4_2", 0])
 
 
 def test_bin_literal():
-    assert check_token('0b101010', ['NUMBER', '0b101010', 0])
-    assert check_token('0b10_10_10', ['NUMBER', '0b10_10_10', 0])
+    assert check_token("0b101010", ["NUMBER", "0b101010", 0])
+    assert check_token("0b10_10_10", ["NUMBER", "0b10_10_10", 0])
 
 
 def test_indent():
-    exp = [('INDENT', '  \t  ', 0),
-           ('NUMBER', '42', 5),
-           ('DEDENT', '', 0)]
-    assert check_tokens('  \t  42', exp)
+    exp = [("INDENT", "  \t  ", 0), ("NUMBER", "42", 5), ("DEDENT", "", 0)]
+    assert check_tokens("  \t  42", exp)
 
 
 def test_post_whitespace():
-    inp = '42  \t  '
-    exp = [('NUMBER', '42', 0)]
+    inp = "42  \t  "
+    exp = [("NUMBER", "42", 0)]
     assert check_tokens(inp, exp)
 
 
 def test_internal_whitespace():
-    inp = '42  +\t65'
-    exp = [('NUMBER', '42', 0),
-           ('PLUS', '+', 4),
-           ('NUMBER', '65', 6),]
+    inp = "42  +\t65"
+    exp = [("NUMBER", "42", 0), ("PLUS", "+", 4), ("NUMBER", "65", 6)]
     assert check_tokens(inp, exp)
 
 
 def test_indent_internal_whitespace():
-    inp = ' 42  +\t65'
-    exp = [('INDENT', ' ', 0),
-           ('NUMBER', '42', 1),
-           ('PLUS', '+', 5),
-           ('NUMBER', '65', 7),
-           ('DEDENT', '', 0)]
+    inp = " 42  +\t65"
+    exp = [
+        ("INDENT", " ", 0),
+        ("NUMBER", "42", 1),
+        ("PLUS", "+", 5),
+        ("NUMBER", "65", 7),
+        ("DEDENT", "", 0),
+    ]
     assert check_tokens(inp, exp)
 
 
 def test_assignment():
-    inp = 'x = 42'
-    exp = [('NAME', 'x', 0),
-           ('EQUALS', '=', 2),
-           ('NUMBER', '42', 4),]
+    inp = "x = 42"
+    exp = [("NAME", "x", 0), ("EQUALS", "=", 2), ("NUMBER", "42", 4)]
     assert check_tokens(inp, exp)
 
 
 def test_multiline():
-    inp = 'x\ny'
-    exp = [('NAME', 'x', 0),
-           ('NEWLINE', '\n', 1),
-           ('NAME', 'y', 0),]
+    inp = "x\ny"
+    exp = [("NAME", "x", 0), ("NEWLINE", "\n", 1), ("NAME", "y", 0)]
     assert check_tokens(inp, exp)
 
+
 def test_atdollar_expression():
-    inp = '@$(which python)'
-    exp = [('ATDOLLAR_LPAREN', '@$(', 0),
-           ('NAME', 'which', 3),
-           ('WS', ' ', 8),
-           ('NAME', 'python', 9),
-           ('RPAREN', ')', 15)]
+    inp = "@$(which python)"
+    exp = [
+        ("ATDOLLAR_LPAREN", "@$(", 0),
+        ("NAME", "which", 3),
+        ("WS", " ", 8),
+        ("NAME", "python", 9),
+        ("RPAREN", ")", 15),
+    ]
     assert check_tokens(inp, exp)
 
 
 def test_and():
-    assert check_token('and', ['AND', 'and', 0])
+    assert check_token("and", ["AND", "and", 0])
 
 
 def test_ampersand():
-    assert check_token('&', ['AMPERSAND', '&', 0])
+    assert check_token("&", ["AMPERSAND", "&", 0])
 
 
 def test_not_really_and_pre():
     inp = "![foo-and]"
     exp = [
-        ('BANG_LBRACKET', '![', 0),
-        ('NAME', 'foo', 2),
-        ('MINUS', '-', 5),
-        ('NAME', 'and', 6),
-        ('RBRACKET', ']', 9),
-        ]
+        ("BANG_LBRACKET", "![", 0),
+        ("NAME", "foo", 2),
+        ("MINUS", "-", 5),
+        ("NAME", "and", 6),
+        ("RBRACKET", "]", 9),
+    ]
     assert check_tokens(inp, exp)
 
 
 def test_not_really_and_post():
     inp = "![and-bar]"
     exp = [
-        ('BANG_LBRACKET', '![', 0),
-        ('NAME', 'and', 2),
-        ('MINUS', '-', 5),
-        ('NAME', 'bar', 6),
-        ('RBRACKET', ']', 9),
-        ]
+        ("BANG_LBRACKET", "![", 0),
+        ("NAME", "and", 2),
+        ("MINUS", "-", 5),
+        ("NAME", "bar", 6),
+        ("RBRACKET", "]", 9),
+    ]
     assert check_tokens(inp, exp)
 
 
 def test_not_really_and_pre_post():
     inp = "![foo-and-bar]"
     exp = [
-        ('BANG_LBRACKET', '![', 0),
-        ('NAME', 'foo', 2),
-        ('MINUS', '-', 5),
-        ('NAME', 'and', 6),
-        ('MINUS', '-', 9),
-        ('NAME', 'bar', 10),
-        ('RBRACKET', ']', 13),
-        ]
+        ("BANG_LBRACKET", "![", 0),
+        ("NAME", "foo", 2),
+        ("MINUS", "-", 5),
+        ("NAME", "and", 6),
+        ("MINUS", "-", 9),
+        ("NAME", "bar", 10),
+        ("RBRACKET", "]", 13),
+    ]
     assert check_tokens(inp, exp)
 
 
 def test_not_really_or_pre():
     inp = "![foo-or]"
     exp = [
-        ('BANG_LBRACKET', '![', 0),
-        ('NAME', 'foo', 2),
-        ('MINUS', '-', 5),
-        ('NAME', 'or', 6),
-        ('RBRACKET', ']', 8),
-        ]
+        ("BANG_LBRACKET", "![", 0),
+        ("NAME", "foo", 2),
+        ("MINUS", "-", 5),
+        ("NAME", "or", 6),
+        ("RBRACKET", "]", 8),
+    ]
     assert check_tokens(inp, exp)
 
 
 def test_not_really_or_post():
     inp = "![or-bar]"
     exp = [
-        ('BANG_LBRACKET', '![', 0),
-        ('NAME', 'or', 2),
-        ('MINUS', '-', 4),
-        ('NAME', 'bar', 5),
-        ('RBRACKET', ']', 8),
-        ]
+        ("BANG_LBRACKET", "![", 0),
+        ("NAME", "or", 2),
+        ("MINUS", "-", 4),
+        ("NAME", "bar", 5),
+        ("RBRACKET", "]", 8),
+    ]
     assert check_tokens(inp, exp)
 
 
 def test_not_really_or_pre_post():
     inp = "![foo-or-bar]"
     exp = [
-        ('BANG_LBRACKET', '![', 0),
-        ('NAME', 'foo', 2),
-        ('MINUS', '-', 5),
-        ('NAME', 'or', 6),
-        ('MINUS', '-', 8),
-        ('NAME', 'bar', 9),
-        ('RBRACKET', ']', 12),
-        ]
+        ("BANG_LBRACKET", "![", 0),
+        ("NAME", "foo", 2),
+        ("MINUS", "-", 5),
+        ("NAME", "or", 6),
+        ("MINUS", "-", 8),
+        ("NAME", "bar", 9),
+        ("RBRACKET", "]", 12),
+    ]
     assert check_tokens(inp, exp)
 
 
 def test_subproc_line_cont_space():
-    inp = ("![echo --option1 value1 \\\n"
-           "     --option2 value2 \\\n"
-           "     --optionZ valueZ]")
+    inp = (
+        "![echo --option1 value1 \\\n"
+        "     --option2 value2 \\\n"
+        "     --optionZ valueZ]"
+    )
     exp = [
-        ('BANG_LBRACKET', '![', 0),
-        ('NAME', 'echo', 2),
-        ('WS', ' ', 6),
-        ('MINUS', '-', 7),
-        ('MINUS', '-', 8),
-        ('NAME', 'option1', 9),
-        ('WS', ' ', 16),
-        ('NAME', 'value1', 17),
-        ('WS', ' ', 23),
-        ('MINUS', '-', 5),
-        ('MINUS', '-', 6),
-        ('NAME', 'option2', 7),
-        ('WS', ' ', 14),
-        ('NAME', 'value2', 15),
-        ('WS', ' ', 21),
-        ('MINUS', '-', 5),
-        ('MINUS', '-', 6),
-        ('NAME', 'optionZ', 7),
-        ('WS', ' ', 14),
-        ('NAME', 'valueZ', 15),
-        ('RBRACKET',']', 21),
-        ]
+        ("BANG_LBRACKET", "![", 0),
+        ("NAME", "echo", 2),
+        ("WS", " ", 6),
+        ("MINUS", "-", 7),
+        ("MINUS", "-", 8),
+        ("NAME", "option1", 9),
+        ("WS", " ", 16),
+        ("NAME", "value1", 17),
+        ("WS", " ", 23),
+        ("MINUS", "-", 5),
+        ("MINUS", "-", 6),
+        ("NAME", "option2", 7),
+        ("WS", " ", 14),
+        ("NAME", "value2", 15),
+        ("WS", " ", 21),
+        ("MINUS", "-", 5),
+        ("MINUS", "-", 6),
+        ("NAME", "optionZ", 7),
+        ("WS", " ", 14),
+        ("NAME", "valueZ", 15),
+        ("RBRACKET", "]", 21),
+    ]
     assert check_tokens(inp, exp)
 
 
 def test_subproc_line_cont_nospace():
-    inp = ("![echo --option1 value1\\\n"
-           "     --option2 value2\\\n"
-           "     --optionZ valueZ]")
+    inp = (
+        "![echo --option1 value1\\\n"
+        "     --option2 value2\\\n"
+        "     --optionZ valueZ]"
+    )
     exp = [
-        ('BANG_LBRACKET', '![', 0),
-        ('NAME', 'echo', 2),
-        ('WS', ' ', 6),
-        ('MINUS', '-', 7),
-        ('MINUS', '-', 8),
-        ('NAME', 'option1', 9),
-        ('WS', ' ', 16),
-        ('NAME', 'value1', 17),
-        ('WS', '\\', 23),
-        ('MINUS', '-', 5),
-        ('MINUS', '-', 6),
-        ('NAME', 'option2', 7),
-        ('WS', ' ', 14),
-        ('NAME', 'value2', 15),
-        ('WS', '\\', 21),
-        ('MINUS', '-', 5),
-        ('MINUS', '-', 6),
-        ('NAME', 'optionZ', 7),
-        ('WS', ' ', 14),
-        ('NAME', 'valueZ', 15),
-        ('RBRACKET',']', 21),
-        ]
+        ("BANG_LBRACKET", "![", 0),
+        ("NAME", "echo", 2),
+        ("WS", " ", 6),
+        ("MINUS", "-", 7),
+        ("MINUS", "-", 8),
+        ("NAME", "option1", 9),
+        ("WS", " ", 16),
+        ("NAME", "value1", 17),
+        ("WS", "\\", 23),
+        ("MINUS", "-", 5),
+        ("MINUS", "-", 6),
+        ("NAME", "option2", 7),
+        ("WS", " ", 14),
+        ("NAME", "value2", 15),
+        ("WS", "\\", 21),
+        ("MINUS", "-", 5),
+        ("MINUS", "-", 6),
+        ("NAME", "optionZ", 7),
+        ("WS", " ", 14),
+        ("NAME", "valueZ", 15),
+        ("RBRACKET", "]", 21),
+    ]
     assert check_tokens(inp, exp)
 
 
 def test_atdollar():
-    assert check_token('@$', ['ATDOLLAR', '@$', 0])
+    assert check_token("@$", ["ATDOLLAR", "@$", 0])
 
 
 def test_doubleamp():
-    assert check_token('&&', ['AND', 'and', 0])
+    assert check_token("&&", ["AND", "and", 0])
 
 
 def test_pipe():
-    assert check_token('|', ['PIPE', '|', 0])
+    assert check_token("|", ["PIPE", "|", 0])
 
 
 def test_doublepipe():
-    assert check_token('||', ['OR', 'or', 0])
+    assert check_token("||", ["OR", "or", 0])
 
 
 def test_single_quote_literal():
-    assert check_token("'yo'", ['STRING', "'yo'", 0])
+    assert check_token("'yo'", ["STRING", "'yo'", 0])
 
 
 def test_double_quote_literal():
-    assert check_token('"yo"', ['STRING', '"yo"', 0])
+    assert check_token('"yo"', ["STRING", '"yo"', 0])
 
 
 def test_triple_single_quote_literal():
-    assert check_token("'''yo'''", ['STRING', "'''yo'''", 0])
+    assert check_token("'''yo'''", ["STRING", "'''yo'''", 0])
 
 
 def test_triple_double_quote_literal():
-    assert check_token('"""yo"""', ['STRING', '"""yo"""', 0])
+    assert check_token('"""yo"""', ["STRING", '"""yo"""', 0])
 
 
 def test_single_raw_string_literal():
-    assert check_token("r'yo'", ['STRING', "r'yo'", 0])
+    assert check_token("r'yo'", ["STRING", "r'yo'", 0])
 
 
 def test_double_raw_string_literal():
-    assert check_token('r"yo"', ['STRING', 'r"yo"', 0])
+    assert check_token('r"yo"', ["STRING", 'r"yo"', 0])
 
 
 def test_single_f_string_literal():
-    assert check_token("f'{yo}'", ['STRING', "f'{yo}'", 0])
+    assert check_token("f'{yo}'", ["STRING", "f'{yo}'", 0])
 
 
 def test_double_f_string_literal():
-    assert check_token('f"{yo}"', ['STRING', 'f"{yo}"', 0])
+    assert check_token('f"{yo}"', ["STRING", 'f"{yo}"', 0])
 
 
 def test_single_unicode_literal():
-    assert check_token("u'yo'", ['STRING', "u'yo'", 0])
+    assert check_token("u'yo'", ["STRING", "u'yo'", 0])
 
 
 def test_double_unicode_literal():
-    assert check_token('u"yo"', ['STRING', 'u"yo"', 0])
+    assert check_token('u"yo"', ["STRING", 'u"yo"', 0])
 
 
 def test_single_bytes_literal():
-    assert check_token("b'yo'", ['STRING', "b'yo'", 0])
+    assert check_token("b'yo'", ["STRING", "b'yo'", 0])
 
 
 def test_path_string_literal():
-    assert check_token("p'/foo'", ['STRING', "p'/foo'", 0])
-    assert check_token('p"/foo"', ['STRING', 'p"/foo"', 0])
-    assert check_token("pr'/foo'", ['STRING', "pr'/foo'", 0])
-    assert check_token('pr"/foo"', ['STRING', 'pr"/foo"', 0])
-    assert check_token("rp'/foo'", ['STRING', "rp'/foo'", 0])
-    assert check_token('rp"/foo"', ['STRING', 'rp"/foo"', 0])
+    assert check_token("p'/foo'", ["STRING", "p'/foo'", 0])
+    assert check_token('p"/foo"', ["STRING", 'p"/foo"', 0])
+    assert check_token("pr'/foo'", ["STRING", "pr'/foo'", 0])
+    assert check_token('pr"/foo"', ["STRING", 'pr"/foo"', 0])
+    assert check_token("rp'/foo'", ["STRING", "rp'/foo'", 0])
+    assert check_token('rp"/foo"', ["STRING", 'rp"/foo"', 0])
 
 
 def test_regex_globs():
-    for i in ('.*', r'\d*', '.*#{1,2}'):
-        for p in ('', 'r', 'g', '@somethingelse', 'p', 'pg'):
-            c = '{}`{}`'.format(p,i)
-            assert check_token(c, ['SEARCHPATH', c, 0])
+    for i in (".*", r"\d*", ".*#{1,2}"):
+        for p in ("", "r", "g", "@somethingelse", "p", "pg"):
+            c = "{}`{}`".format(p, i)
+            assert check_token(c, ["SEARCHPATH", c, 0])
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('case', [
-    '0.0', '.0', '0.', '1e10', '1.e42', '0.1e42', '0.5e-42', '5E10', '5e+42', '1_0e1_0'])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "case",
+    [
+        "0.0",
+        ".0",
+        "0.",
+        "1e10",
+        "1.e42",
+        "0.1e42",
+        "0.5e-42",
+        "5E10",
+        "5e+42",
+        "1_0e1_0",
+    ],
+)
 def test_float_literals(case):
-    assert check_token(case, ['NUMBER', case, 0])
+    assert check_token(case, ["NUMBER", case, 0])
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('case', [
-    '2>1', 'err>out', 'o>', 'all>', 'e>o', 'e>', 'out>', '2>&1'
-])
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "case", ["2>1", "err>out", "o>", "all>", "e>o", "e>", "out>", "2>&1"]
+)
 def test_ioredir(case):
-    assert check_tokens_subproc(case, [('IOREDIRECT', case, 2)], stop=-2)
+    assert check_tokens_subproc(case, [("IOREDIRECT", case, 2)], stop=-2)
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('case', [
-    '>', '>>', '<', 'e>',
-    '> ', '>>   ', '<  ', 'e> ',
-])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("case", [">", ">>", "<", "e>", "> ", ">>   ", "<  ", "e> "])
 def test_redir_whitespace(case):
-    inp = '![{}/path/to/file]'.format(case)
+    inp = "![{}/path/to/file]".format(case)
     l = Lexer()
     l.input(inp)
     obs = list(l)
-    assert obs[2].type == 'WS'
+    assert obs[2].type == "WS"
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('s, exp', [
-    ('', []),
-    ('   \t   \n \t  ', []),
-    ('echo hello', ['echo', 'hello']),
-    ('echo "hello"', ['echo', '"hello"']),
-    ('![echo "hello"]', ['![echo', '"hello"]']),
-    ('/usr/bin/echo hello', ['/usr/bin/echo', 'hello']),
-    ('$(/usr/bin/echo hello)', ['$(/usr/bin/echo', 'hello)']),
-    ('C:\\Python\\python.exe -m xonsh', ['C:\\Python\\python.exe', '-m', 'xonsh']),
-    ('print("""I am a triple string""")', ['print("""I am a triple string""")']),
-    ('print("""I am a \ntriple string""")', ['print("""I am a \ntriple string""")']),
-    ('echo $HOME', ['echo', '$HOME']),
-    ('echo -n $HOME', ['echo', '-n', '$HOME']),
-    ('echo --go=away', ['echo', '--go=away']),
-    ('echo --go=$HOME', ['echo', '--go=$HOME']),
-])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "s, exp",
+    [
+        ("", []),
+        ("   \t   \n \t  ", []),
+        ("echo hello", ["echo", "hello"]),
+        ('echo "hello"', ["echo", '"hello"']),
+        ('![echo "hello"]', ["![echo", '"hello"]']),
+        ("/usr/bin/echo hello", ["/usr/bin/echo", "hello"]),
+        ("$(/usr/bin/echo hello)", ["$(/usr/bin/echo", "hello)"]),
+        ("C:\\Python\\python.exe -m xonsh", ["C:\\Python\\python.exe", "-m", "xonsh"]),
+        ('print("""I am a triple string""")', ['print("""I am a triple string""")']),
+        (
+            'print("""I am a \ntriple string""")',
+            ['print("""I am a \ntriple string""")'],
+        ),
+        ("echo $HOME", ["echo", "$HOME"]),
+        ("echo -n $HOME", ["echo", "-n", "$HOME"]),
+        ("echo --go=away", ["echo", "--go=away"]),
+        ("echo --go=$HOME", ["echo", "--go=$HOME"]),
+    ],
+)
 def test_lexer_split(s, exp):
     lexer = Lexer()
     obs = lexer.split(s)

tests/test_main.py

@@ -21,55 +21,55 @@ def Shell(*args, **kwargs):
 @pytest.fixture
 def shell(xonsh_builtins, xonsh_execer, monkeypatch):
     """Xonsh Shell Mock"""
-    Shell.shell_type_aliases = {'rl': 'readline'}
-    monkeypatch.setattr(xonsh.main, 'Shell', Shell)
+    Shell.shell_type_aliases = {"rl": "readline"}
+    monkeypatch.setattr(xonsh.main, "Shell", Shell)
 
 
 def test_premain_no_arg(shell, monkeypatch):
-    monkeypatch.setattr(sys.stdin, 'isatty', lambda: True)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(sys.stdin, "isatty", lambda: True)
     xonsh.main.premain([])
-    assert builtins.__xonsh_env__.get('XONSH_LOGIN')
+    assert builtins.__xonsh_env__.get("XONSH_LOGIN")
 
 
 def test_premain_interactive(shell):
-    xonsh.main.premain(['-i'])
-    assert (builtins.__xonsh_env__.get('XONSH_INTERACTIVE'))
+    xonsh.main.premain(["-i"])
+    assert builtins.__xonsh_env__.get("XONSH_INTERACTIVE")
 
 
 def test_premain_login_command(shell):
-    xonsh.main.premain(['-l', '-c', 'echo "hi"'])
-    assert (builtins.__xonsh_env__.get('XONSH_LOGIN'))
+    xonsh.main.premain(["-l", "-c", 'echo "hi"'])
+    assert builtins.__xonsh_env__.get("XONSH_LOGIN")
 
 
 def test_premain_login(shell):
-    xonsh.main.premain(['-l'])
-    assert (builtins.__xonsh_env__.get('XONSH_LOGIN'))
+    xonsh.main.premain(["-l"])
+    assert builtins.__xonsh_env__.get("XONSH_LOGIN")
 
 
 def test_premain_D(shell):
-    xonsh.main.premain(['-DTEST1=1616', '-DTEST2=LOL'])
-    assert (builtins.__xonsh_env__.get('TEST1') == '1616')
-    assert (builtins.__xonsh_env__.get('TEST2') == 'LOL')
+    xonsh.main.premain(["-DTEST1=1616", "-DTEST2=LOL"])
+    assert builtins.__xonsh_env__.get("TEST1") == "1616"
+    assert builtins.__xonsh_env__.get("TEST2") == "LOL"
 
 
 def test_premain_custom_rc(shell, tmpdir, monkeypatch):
-    monkeypatch.setattr(sys.stdin, 'isatty', lambda: True)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(sys.stdin, "isatty", lambda: True)
     builtins.__xonsh_env__ = Env(XONSH_CACHE_SCRIPTS=False)
-    f = tmpdir.join('wakkawakka')
+    f = tmpdir.join("wakkawakka")
     f.write("print('hi')")
-    args = xonsh.main.premain(['--rc', f.strpath])
+    args = xonsh.main.premain(["--rc", f.strpath])
     assert args.mode == XonshMode.interactive
-    assert f.strpath in builtins.__xonsh_env__.get('XONSHRC')
+    assert f.strpath in builtins.__xonsh_env__.get("XONSHRC")
 
 
 def test_no_rc_with_script(shell, tmpdir):
-    args = xonsh.main.premain(['tests/sample.xsh'])
+    args = xonsh.main.premain(["tests/sample.xsh"])
     assert not (args.mode == XonshMode.interactive)
 
 
 def test_force_interactive_rc_with_script(shell, tmpdir):
-    args = xonsh.main.premain(['-i', 'tests/sample.xsh'])
-    assert builtins.__xonsh_env__.get('XONSH_INTERACTIVE')
+    args = xonsh.main.premain(["-i", "tests/sample.xsh"])
+    assert builtins.__xonsh_env__.get("XONSH_INTERACTIVE")
 
 
 def test_force_interactive_custom_rc_with_script(shell, tmpdir):
@@ -77,69 +77,73 @@ def test_force_interactive_custom_rc_with_script(shell, tmpdir):
     should run interactively
     """
     builtins.__xonsh_env__ = Env(XONSH_CACHE_SCRIPTS=False)
-    f = tmpdir.join('wakkawakka')
+    f = tmpdir.join("wakkawakka")
     f.write("print('hi')")
-    args = xonsh.main.premain(['-i', '--rc', f.strpath, 'tests/sample.xsh'])
+    args = xonsh.main.premain(["-i", "--rc", f.strpath, "tests/sample.xsh"])
     assert args.mode == XonshMode.interactive
-    assert f.strpath in builtins.__xonsh_env__.get('XONSHRC')
+    assert f.strpath in builtins.__xonsh_env__.get("XONSHRC")
 
 
 def test_custom_rc_with_script(shell, tmpdir):
     """Calling a custom RC file on a script-call without the interactive flag
     should not run interactively
     """
-    f = tmpdir.join('wakkawakka')
+    f = tmpdir.join("wakkawakka")
     f.write("print('hi')")
-    args = xonsh.main.premain(['--rc', f.strpath, 'tests/sample.xsh'])
+    args = xonsh.main.premain(["--rc", f.strpath, "tests/sample.xsh"])
     assert not (args.mode == XonshMode.interactive)
 
 
 def test_premain_no_rc(shell, tmpdir):
-    xonsh.main.premain(['--no-rc'])
-    assert not builtins.__xonsh_env__.get('XONSHRC')
+    xonsh.main.premain(["--no-rc"])
+    assert not builtins.__xonsh_env__.get("XONSHRC")
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-    'arg', ['', '-i', '-vERSION', '-hAALP', 'TTTT', '-TT', '--TTT'])
+    "arg", ["", "-i", "-vERSION", "-hAALP", "TTTT", "-TT", "--TTT"]
+)
 def test_premain_with_file_argument(arg, shell):
-    xonsh.main.premain(['tests/sample.xsh', arg])
-    assert not (builtins.__xonsh_env__.get('XONSH_INTERACTIVE'))
+    xonsh.main.premain(["tests/sample.xsh", arg])
+    assert not (builtins.__xonsh_env__.get("XONSH_INTERACTIVE"))
 
 
 def test_premain_interactive__with_file_argument(shell):
-    xonsh.main.premain(['-i', 'tests/sample.xsh'])
-    assert (builtins.__xonsh_env__.get('XONSH_INTERACTIVE'))
+    xonsh.main.premain(["-i", "tests/sample.xsh"])
+    assert builtins.__xonsh_env__.get("XONSH_INTERACTIVE")
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('case', ['----', '--hep', '-TT', '--TTTT'])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("case", ["----", "--hep", "-TT", "--TTTT"])
 def test_premain_invalid_arguments(shell, case, capsys):
     with pytest.raises(SystemExit):
         xonsh.main.premain([case])
-    assert 'unrecognized argument' in capsys.readouterr()[1]
+    assert "unrecognized argument" in capsys.readouterr()[1]
 
 
 def test_xonsh_failback(shell, monkeypatch):
     failback_checker = []
-    monkeypatch.setattr(sys, 'stderr', open(os.devnull, 'w'))
+    monkeypatch.setattr(sys, "stderr", open(os.devnull, "w"))
 
     def mocked_main(*args):
-        raise Exception('A fake failure')
-    monkeypatch.setattr(xonsh.main, 'main_xonsh', mocked_main)
+        raise Exception("A fake failure")
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(xonsh.main, "main_xonsh", mocked_main)
 
     def mocked_execlp(f, *args):
         failback_checker.append(f)
         failback_checker.append(args[0])
-    monkeypatch.setattr(os, 'execlp', mocked_execlp)
-    monkeypatch.setattr(os.path, 'exists', lambda x: True)
-    monkeypatch.setattr(sys, 'argv', ['xonsh', '-i'])
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(os, "execlp", mocked_execlp)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(os.path, "exists", lambda x: True)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(sys, "argv", ["xonsh", "-i"])
 
     @contextmanager
     def mocked_open(*args):
-        yield ['/usr/bin/xonsh', '/usr/bin/screen', 'bash', '/bin/xshell']
-    monkeypatch.setattr(builtins, 'open', mocked_open)
+        yield ["/usr/bin/xonsh", "/usr/bin/screen", "bash", "/bin/xshell"]
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(builtins, "open", mocked_open)
 
     xonsh.main.main()
-    assert failback_checker == ['/bin/xshell', '/bin/xshell']
+    assert failback_checker == ["/bin/xshell", "/bin/xshell"]
 
 
 def test_xonsh_failback_single(shell, monkeypatch):
@@ -148,9 +152,10 @@ def test_xonsh_failback_single(shell, monkeypatch):
 
     def mocked_main(*args):
         raise FakeFailureError()
-    monkeypatch.setattr(xonsh.main, 'main_xonsh', mocked_main)
-    monkeypatch.setattr(sys, 'argv', ['xonsh', '-c', 'echo', 'foo'])
-    monkeypatch.setattr(sys, 'stderr', open(os.devnull, 'w'))
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(xonsh.main, "main_xonsh", mocked_main)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(sys, "argv", ["xonsh", "-c", "echo", "foo"])
+    monkeypatch.setattr(sys, "stderr", open(os.devnull, "w"))
 
     with pytest.raises(FakeFailureError):
         xonsh.main.main()
@@ -158,13 +163,15 @@ def test_xonsh_failback_single(shell, monkeypatch):
 
 def test_xonsh_failback_script_from_file(shell, monkeypatch):
     checker = []
+
     def mocked_execlp(f, *args):
         checker.append(f)
-    monkeypatch.setattr(os, 'execlp', mocked_execlp)
 
-    script = os.path.join(TEST_DIR, 'scripts', 'raise.xsh')
-    monkeypatch.setattr(sys, 'argv', ['xonsh', script])
-    monkeypatch.setattr(sys, 'stderr', open(os.devnull, 'w'))
+    monkeypatch.setattr(os, "execlp", mocked_execlp)
+
+    script = os.path.join(TEST_DIR, "scripts", "raise.xsh")
+    monkeypatch.setattr(sys, "argv", ["xonsh", script])
+    monkeypatch.setattr(sys, "stderr", open(os.devnull, "w"))
     with pytest.raises(Exception):
         xonsh.main.main()
     assert len(checker) == 0

tests/test_man.py

@@ -8,10 +8,11 @@ from tools import skip_if_on_windows
 
 @skip_if_on_windows
 def test_man_completion(monkeypatch, tmpdir, xonsh_builtins):
-    tempdir = tmpdir.mkdir('test_man')
-    monkeypatch.setitem(os.environ, 'MANPATH', os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
-    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__.update({'XONSH_DATA_DIR': str(tempdir)})
-    completions = complete_from_man('--', 'yes --', 4, 6,
-                                    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__)
-    assert '--version' in completions
-    assert '--help' in completions
+    tempdir = tmpdir.mkdir("test_man")
+    monkeypatch.setitem(
+        os.environ, "MANPATH", os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
+    )
+    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__.update({"XONSH_DATA_DIR": str(tempdir)})
+    completions = complete_from_man("--", "yes --", 4, 6, xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__)
+    assert "--version" in completions
+    assert "--help" in completions

tests/test_mpl.py

@@ -7,13 +7,14 @@ plt = pytest.importorskip("matplotlib.pyplot")
 
 from xontrib import mplhooks
 
-skip_if_mpl2 = pytest.mark.skipif(matplotlib.__version__.startswith('2'),
-                                  reason='Bug in matplotlib v2')
+skip_if_mpl2 = pytest.mark.skipif(
+    matplotlib.__version__.startswith("2"), reason="Bug in matplotlib v2"
+)
 
 # some default settings that are temporarily changed by mpl
-FONT_SIZE    = 22
-FACE_COLOR   = (0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0)
-DPI          = 80
+FONT_SIZE = 22
+FACE_COLOR = (0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0)
+DPI = 80
 
 
 def create_figure():
@@ -23,7 +24,7 @@ def create_figure():
     # set the figure parameters such that mpl will require changes
     f.set_facecolor(FACE_COLOR)
     f.dpi = DPI
-    matplotlib.rcParams.update({'font.size': FONT_SIZE})
+    matplotlib.rcParams.update({"font.size": FONT_SIZE})
     return f
 
 
@@ -33,9 +34,9 @@ def test_mpl_preserve_font_size():
     f = create_figure()
     width, height = f.canvas.get_width_height()
     print(width, height)
-    s = mplhooks.figure_to_tight_array(f, 0.5*width, 0.5*height, True)
+    s = mplhooks.figure_to_tight_array(f, 0.5 * width, 0.5 * height, True)
     exp = FONT_SIZE
-    obs = matplotlib.rcParams['font.size']
+    obs = matplotlib.rcParams["font.size"]
     plt.close(f)
     assert exp == obs
 
@@ -45,7 +46,7 @@ def test_mpl_preserve_face_color():
     """Make sure that the figure preserves face color settings"""
     f = create_figure()
     width, height = f.canvas.get_width_height()
-    s = mplhooks.figure_to_tight_array(f, 0.5*width, 0.5*height, True)
+    s = mplhooks.figure_to_tight_array(f, 0.5 * width, 0.5 * height, True)
     exp = FACE_COLOR
     obs = f.get_facecolor()
     plt.close(f)
@@ -57,7 +58,7 @@ def test_mpl_preserve_width():
     """Make sure that the figure preserves width settings"""
     f = create_figure()
     width, height = f.canvas.get_width_height()
-    s = mplhooks.figure_to_tight_array(f, 0.5*width, 0.5*height, True)
+    s = mplhooks.figure_to_tight_array(f, 0.5 * width, 0.5 * height, True)
     exp = width
     newwidth, newheight = f.canvas.get_width_height()
     obs = newwidth
@@ -70,7 +71,7 @@ def test_mpl_preserve_height():
     """Make sure that the figure preserves height settings"""
     f = create_figure()
     width, height = f.canvas.get_width_height()
-    s = mplhooks.figure_to_tight_array(f, 0.5*width, 0.5*height, True)
+    s = mplhooks.figure_to_tight_array(f, 0.5 * width, 0.5 * height, True)
     exp = height
     newwidth, newheight = f.canvas.get_width_height()
     obs = newheight
@@ -82,7 +83,7 @@ def test_mpl_preserve_dpi():
     """Make sure that the figure preserves height settings"""
     f = create_figure()
     width, height = f.canvas.get_width_height()
-    s = mplhooks.figure_to_tight_array(f, 0.5*width, 0.5*height, False)
+    s = mplhooks.figure_to_tight_array(f, 0.5 * width, 0.5 * height, False)
     exp = DPI
     obs = f.dpi
     plt.close(f)
@@ -95,7 +96,7 @@ def test_mpl_preserve_image_tight():
     f = create_figure()
     exp = mplhooks.figure_to_rgb_array(f)
     width, height = f.canvas.get_width_height()
-    s = mplhooks.figure_to_tight_array(f, 0.5*width, 0.5*height, True)
+    s = mplhooks.figure_to_tight_array(f, 0.5 * width, 0.5 * height, True)
     obs = mplhooks.figure_to_rgb_array(f)
     plt.close(f)
     assert np.all(exp == obs)
@@ -106,7 +107,7 @@ def test_mpl_preserve_standard():
     f = create_figure()
     exp = mplhooks.figure_to_rgb_array(f)
     width, height = f.canvas.get_width_height()
-    s = mplhooks.figure_to_tight_array(f, 0.5*width, 0.5*height, False)
+    s = mplhooks.figure_to_tight_array(f, 0.5 * width, 0.5 * height, False)
     obs = mplhooks.figure_to_rgb_array(f)
     plt.close(f)
     assert np.all(exp == obs)

tests/test_news.py

@@ -8,12 +8,14 @@ import pytest
 from xonsh.platform import scandir
 
 
-NEWSDIR = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__)), 'news')
+NEWSDIR = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__)), "news")
 
-CATEGORIES = frozenset(['Added', 'Changed', 'Deprecated', 'Removed',
-                        'Fixed', 'Security'])
+CATEGORIES = frozenset(
+    ["Added", "Changed", "Deprecated", "Removed", "Fixed", "Security"]
+)
+
+single_grave_reg = re.compile(r"[^`]`[^`]+`[^`_]")
 
-single_grave_reg = re.compile(r'[^`]`[^`]+`[^`_]')
 
 def check_news_file(fname):
     name = fname.name
@@ -22,42 +24,44 @@ def check_news_file(fname):
     form = ""
     for i, l in enumerate(lines):
         # search the graves
-        if '`' in l:
+        if "`" in l:
             if single_grave_reg.search(l):
-                pytest.fail("{}:{}: single grave accents"
-                            " are not valid rst".format(name, i+1),
-                            pytrace=False)
+                pytest.fail(
+                    "{}:{}: single grave accents"
+                    " are not valid rst".format(name, i + 1),
+                    pytrace=False,
+                )
 
         # determine the form of line
-        if l.startswith('**'):
-            cat = l[2:].rsplit(':')[0]
+        if l.startswith("**"):
+            cat = l[2:].rsplit(":")[0]
             if cat not in CATEGORIES:
-                pytest.fail('{}:{}: {!r} not a proper category '
-                            'must be one of {}'
-                            ''.format(name, i+1, cat, list(CATEGORIES)),
-                            pytrace=False)
-            if l.endswith('None'):
-                form += '3'
+                pytest.fail(
+                    "{}:{}: {!r} not a proper category "
+                    "must be one of {}"
+                    "".format(name, i + 1, cat, list(CATEGORIES)),
+                    pytrace=False,
+                )
+            if l.endswith("None"):
+                form += "3"
             else:
-                form += '2'
-        elif l.startswith('* ') or l.startswith('- ') or l.startswith('  '):
-            form += '1'
-        elif l.strip() == '':
-            form += '0'
+                form += "2"
+        elif l.startswith("* ") or l.startswith("- ") or l.startswith("  "):
+            form += "1"
+        elif l.strip() == "":
+            form += "0"
         else:
-            pytest.fail('{}:{}: invalid rst'.format(name, i+1),
-                        pytrace=False)
+            pytest.fail("{}:{}: invalid rst".format(name, i + 1), pytrace=False)
     # The file should have:
     #   empty lines around categories
     #   at least one content line in a non null category
-    reg = re.compile(r'^(3(0|$)|201(1|0)*0)+$')
+    reg = re.compile(r"^(3(0|$)|201(1|0)*0)+$")
     if not reg.match(form):
-        pytest.fail('{}: invalid rst'.format(name),
-                    pytrace=False)
+        pytest.fail("{}: invalid rst".format(name), pytrace=False)
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('fname', list(scandir(NEWSDIR)))
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("fname", list(scandir(NEWSDIR)))
 def test_news(fname):
     base, ext = os.path.splitext(fname.path)
-    assert 'rst' in ext
+    assert "rst" in ext
     check_news_file(fname)

tests/test_path_completers.py

@@ -14,28 +14,30 @@ def xonsh_execer_autouse(xonsh_builtins, xonsh_execer):
 
 def test_pattern_need_quotes():
     # just make sure the regex compiles
-    xcp.PATTERN_NEED_QUOTES.match('')
+    xcp.PATTERN_NEED_QUOTES.match("")
 
 
 def test_complete_path(xonsh_builtins):
-    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__ = {'CASE_SENSITIVE_COMPLETIONS': False,
-                                    'GLOB_SORTED': True,
-                                    'SUBSEQUENCE_PATH_COMPLETION': False,
-                                    'FUZZY_PATH_COMPLETION': False,
-                                    'SUGGEST_THRESHOLD': 3,
-                                    'CDPATH': set(),
+    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__ = {
+        "CASE_SENSITIVE_COMPLETIONS": False,
+        "GLOB_SORTED": True,
+        "SUBSEQUENCE_PATH_COMPLETION": False,
+        "FUZZY_PATH_COMPLETION": False,
+        "SUGGEST_THRESHOLD": 3,
+        "CDPATH": set(),
     }
-    xcp.complete_path('[1-0.1]', '[1-0.1]', 0, 7, dict())
+    xcp.complete_path("[1-0.1]", "[1-0.1]", 0, 7, dict())
 
 
-@patch('xonsh.completers.path._add_cdpaths')
+@patch("xonsh.completers.path._add_cdpaths")
 def test_cd_path_no_cd(mock_add_cdpaths, xonsh_builtins):
-    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__ = {'CASE_SENSITIVE_COMPLETIONS': False,
-                                    'GLOB_SORTED': True,
-                                    'SUBSEQUENCE_PATH_COMPLETION': False,
-                                    'FUZZY_PATH_COMPLETION': False,
-                                    'SUGGEST_THRESHOLD': 3,
-                                    'CDPATH': ['/'],
+    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__ = {
+        "CASE_SENSITIVE_COMPLETIONS": False,
+        "GLOB_SORTED": True,
+        "SUBSEQUENCE_PATH_COMPLETION": False,
+        "FUZZY_PATH_COMPLETION": False,
+        "SUGGEST_THRESHOLD": 3,
+        "CDPATH": ["/"],
     }
-    xcp.complete_path('a', 'cat a', 4, 5, dict())
+    xcp.complete_path("a", "cat a", 4, 5, dict())
     mock_add_cdpaths.assert_not_called()

tests/test_platform.py

@@ -8,8 +8,9 @@ import xonsh.platform as xp
 def test_githash_value_error(monkeypatch):
     @contextmanager
     def mocked_open(*args):
-        yield MagicMock(read=lambda: 'abc123')
-    monkeypatch.setattr(builtins, 'open', mocked_open)
+        yield MagicMock(read=lambda: "abc123")
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(builtins, "open", mocked_open)
     sha, date_ = xp.githash()
     assert date_ is None
     assert sha is None

tests/test_prompt.py

@@ -17,59 +17,63 @@ def formatter(xonsh_builtins):
     return PromptFormatter()
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('fields', [{
-    'a_string': 'cat',
-    'none': (lambda: None),
-    'f': (lambda: 'wakka'),
-}])
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('inp, exp', [
-    ('my {a_string}', 'my cat'),
-    ('my {none}{a_string}', 'my cat'),
-    ('{f} jawaka', 'wakka jawaka'),
-])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "fields", [{"a_string": "cat", "none": (lambda: None), "f": (lambda: "wakka")}]
+)
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "inp, exp",
+    [
+        ("my {a_string}", "my cat"),
+        ("my {none}{a_string}", "my cat"),
+        ("{f} jawaka", "wakka jawaka"),
+    ],
+)
 def test_format_prompt(inp, exp, fields, formatter):
     obs = formatter(template=inp, fields=fields)
     assert exp == obs
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('fields', [{
-    'a_string': 'cats',
-    'a_number': 7,
-    'empty': '',
-    'current_job': (lambda: 'sleep'),
-    'none': (lambda: None),
-}])
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('inp, exp', [
-    ('{a_number:{0:^3}}cats', ' 7 cats'),
-    ('{current_job:{} | }xonsh', 'sleep | xonsh'),
-    ('{none:{} | }{a_string}{empty:!}', 'cats!'),
-    ('{none:{}}', ''),
-    ('{{{a_string:{{{}}}}}}', '{{cats}}'),
-    ('{{{none:{{{}}}}}}', '{}'),
-])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "fields",
+    [
+        {
+            "a_string": "cats",
+            "a_number": 7,
+            "empty": "",
+            "current_job": (lambda: "sleep"),
+            "none": (lambda: None),
+        }
+    ],
+)
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "inp, exp",
+    [
+        ("{a_number:{0:^3}}cats", " 7 cats"),
+        ("{current_job:{} | }xonsh", "sleep | xonsh"),
+        ("{none:{} | }{a_string}{empty:!}", "cats!"),
+        ("{none:{}}", ""),
+        ("{{{a_string:{{{}}}}}}", "{{cats}}"),
+        ("{{{none:{{{}}}}}}", "{}"),
+    ],
+)
 def test_format_prompt_with_format_spec(inp, exp, fields, formatter):
     obs = formatter(template=inp, fields=fields)
     assert exp == obs
 
 
 def test_format_prompt_with_broken_template(formatter):
-    for p in ('{user', '{user}{hostname'):
+    for p in ("{user", "{user}{hostname"):
         assert formatter(p) == p
 
     # '{{user' will be parsed to '{user'
-    for p in ('{{user}', '{{user'):
-        assert 'user' in formatter(p)
+    for p in ("{{user}", "{{user"):
+        assert "user" in formatter(p)
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('inp', [
-    '{user',
-    '{{user',
-    '{{user}',
-    '{user}{hostname',
-    ])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("inp", ["{user", "{{user", "{{user}", "{user}{hostname"])
 def test_format_prompt_with_broken_template_in_func(inp, formatter):
     # '{{user' will be parsed to '{user'
-    assert '{user' in formatter(lambda: inp)
+    assert "{user" in formatter(lambda: inp)
 
 
 def test_format_prompt_with_invalid_func(formatter, xonsh_builtins):
@@ -77,28 +81,26 @@ def test_format_prompt_with_invalid_func(formatter, xonsh_builtins):
 
     def p():
         foo = bar  # raises exception # noqa
-        return '{user}'
+        return "{user}"
 
     assert isinstance(formatter(p), str)
 
 
-def test_format_prompt_with_func_that_raises(formatter,
-                                             capsys,
-                                             xonsh_builtins):
+def test_format_prompt_with_func_that_raises(formatter, capsys, xonsh_builtins):
     xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__ = Env()
-    template = 'tt {zerodiv} tt'
-    exp = 'tt (ERROR:zerodiv) tt'
-    fields = {'zerodiv': lambda: 1/0}
+    template = "tt {zerodiv} tt"
+    exp = "tt (ERROR:zerodiv) tt"
+    fields = {"zerodiv": lambda: 1 / 0}
     obs = formatter(template, fields)
     assert exp == obs
     out, err = capsys.readouterr()
-    assert 'prompt: error' in err
+    assert "prompt: error" in err
 
 
 def test_promptformatter_cache(formatter):
     spam = Mock()
-    template = '{spam} and {spam}'
-    fields = {'spam': spam}
+    template = "{spam} and {spam}"
+    fields = {"spam": spam}
 
     formatter(template, fields)
 
@@ -107,8 +109,8 @@ def test_promptformatter_cache(formatter):
 
 def test_promptformatter_clears_cache(formatter):
     spam = Mock()
-    template = '{spam} and {spam}'
-    fields = {'spam': spam}
+    template = "{spam} and {spam}"
+    fields = {"spam": spam}
 
     formatter(template, fields)
     formatter(template, fields)
@@ -117,11 +119,10 @@ def test_promptformatter_clears_cache(formatter):
 
 
 # Xonsh interaction with version control systems.
-VC_BRANCH = {'git': 'master',
-             'hg': 'default'}
+VC_BRANCH = {"git": "master", "hg": "default"}
 
 
-@pytest.fixture(scope='module', params=VC_BRANCH.keys())
+@pytest.fixture(scope="module", params=VC_BRANCH.keys())
 def test_repo(request):
     """Return a dict with vc and a temporary dir
     that is a repository for testing.
@@ -130,28 +131,30 @@ def test_repo(request):
     temp_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
     os.chdir(temp_dir)
     try:
-        sp.call([vc, 'init'])
+        sp.call([vc, "init"])
     except FileNotFoundError:
-        pytest.skip('cannot find {} executable'.format(vc))
+        pytest.skip("cannot find {} executable".format(vc))
     # git needs at least one commit
-    if vc == 'git':
-        with open('test-file', 'w'):
+    if vc == "git":
+        with open("test-file", "w"):
             pass
-        sp.call(['git', 'add', 'test-file'])
-        sp.call(['git', 'commit', '-m', 'test commit'])
-    return {'name': vc, 'dir': temp_dir}
+        sp.call(["git", "add", "test-file"])
+        sp.call(["git", "commit", "-m", "test commit"])
+    return {"name": vc, "dir": temp_dir}
 
 
 def test_test_repo(test_repo):
-    dotdir = os.path.isdir(os.path.join(test_repo['dir'],
-                                        '.{}'.format(test_repo['name'])))
+    dotdir = os.path.isdir(
+        os.path.join(test_repo["dir"], ".{}".format(test_repo["name"]))
+    )
     assert dotdir
-    if test_repo['name'] == 'git':
-        assert os.path.isfile(os.path.join(test_repo['dir'], 'test-file'))
+    if test_repo["name"] == "git":
+        assert os.path.isfile(os.path.join(test_repo["dir"], "test-file"))
 
 
 def test_no_repo(xonsh_builtins):
     import queue
+
     temp_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
     xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__ = Env(VC_BRANCH_TIMEOUT=2, PWD=temp_dir)
     q = queue.Queue()
@@ -164,27 +167,29 @@ def test_no_repo(xonsh_builtins):
 def test_vc_get_branch(test_repo, xonsh_builtins):
     xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__ = Env(VC_BRANCH_TIMEOUT=2)
     # get corresponding function from vc module
-    fun = 'get_{}_branch'.format(test_repo['name'])
+    fun = "get_{}_branch".format(test_repo["name"])
     obs = getattr(vc, fun)()
     if obs is not None:
-        assert obs == VC_BRANCH[test_repo['name']]
+        assert obs == VC_BRANCH[test_repo["name"]]
 
 
 def test_current_branch_calls_locate_binary_for_empty_cmds_cache(xonsh_builtins):
     cache = xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_commands_cache__
     xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__ = DummyEnv(VC_BRANCH_TIMEOUT=1)
     cache.is_empty = Mock(return_value=True)
-    cache.locate_binary = Mock(return_value='')
+    cache.locate_binary = Mock(return_value="")
     vc.current_branch()
     assert cache.locate_binary.called
 
 
-def test_current_branch_does_not_call_locate_binary_for_non_empty_cmds_cache(xonsh_builtins):
+def test_current_branch_does_not_call_locate_binary_for_non_empty_cmds_cache(
+    xonsh_builtins
+):
     cache = xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_commands_cache__
     xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__ = DummyEnv(VC_BRANCH_TIMEOUT=1)
     cache.is_empty = Mock(return_value=False)
-    cache.locate_binary = Mock(return_value='')
+    cache.locate_binary = Mock(return_value="")
     # make lazy locate return nothing to avoid running vc binaries
-    cache.lazy_locate_binary = Mock(return_value='')
+    cache.lazy_locate_binary = Mock(return_value="")
     vc.current_branch()
     assert not cache.locate_binary.called

tests/test_ptk_highlight.py

@@ -5,8 +5,16 @@ import os
 import builtins
 
 import pytest
-from pygments.token import (Keyword, Name, String, Error, Number,
-                            Operator, Punctuation, Text)
+from pygments.token import (
+    Keyword,
+    Name,
+    String,
+    Error,
+    Number,
+    Operator,
+    Punctuation,
+    Text,
+)
 from tools import skip_if_on_windows
 
 from xonsh.platform import ON_WINDOWS
@@ -18,7 +26,7 @@ from xonsh.pyghooks import XonshLexer
 def load_command_cache():
     load_builtins()
     if ON_WINDOWS:
-        for key in ('cd', 'bash'):
+        for key in ("cd", "bash"):
             builtins.aliases[key] = lambda *args, **kwargs: None
     yield
     unload_builtins()
@@ -35,105 +43,127 @@ def check_token(code, tokens):
                 break
             tks = tks[1:]
         else:
-            msg = "Token {!r} missing: {!r}".format(tk,
-                                                    list(lx.get_tokens(code)))
+            msg = "Token {!r} missing: {!r}".format(tk, list(lx.get_tokens(code)))
             pytest.fail(msg)
             break
 
 
 @skip_if_on_windows
 def test_ls():
-    check_token('ls -al', [(Name.Builtin, 'ls')])
+    check_token("ls -al", [(Name.Builtin, "ls")])
 
 
 @skip_if_on_windows
 def test_bin_ls():
-    check_token('/bin/ls -al', [(Name.Builtin, '/bin/ls')])
+    check_token("/bin/ls -al", [(Name.Builtin, "/bin/ls")])
 
 
 def test_py_print():
-    check_token('print("hello")', [(Keyword, 'print'),
-                                   (String.Double, 'hello')])
+    check_token('print("hello")', [(Keyword, "print"), (String.Double, "hello")])
 
 
 def test_invalid_cmd():
-    check_token('non-existance-cmd -al', [(Name, 'non')])  # parse as python
-    check_token('![non-existance-cmd -al]',
-                [(Error, 'non-existance-cmd')])  # parse as error
-    check_token('for i in range(10):', [(Keyword, 'for')])  # as py keyword
-    check_token('(1, )', [(Punctuation, '('),
-                          (Number.Integer, '1')])
+    check_token("non-existance-cmd -al", [(Name, "non")])  # parse as python
+    check_token(
+        "![non-existance-cmd -al]", [(Error, "non-existance-cmd")]
+    )  # parse as error
+    check_token("for i in range(10):", [(Keyword, "for")])  # as py keyword
+    check_token("(1, )", [(Punctuation, "("), (Number.Integer, "1")])
 
 
 def test_multi_cmd():
-    check_token('cd && cd', [(Name.Builtin, 'cd'),
-                             (Operator, '&&'),
-                             (Name.Builtin, 'cd')])
-    check_token('cd || non-existance-cmd', [(Name.Builtin, 'cd'),
-                                            (Operator, '||'),
-                                            (Error, 'non-existance-cmd')
-                                            ])
+    check_token(
+        "cd && cd", [(Name.Builtin, "cd"), (Operator, "&&"), (Name.Builtin, "cd")]
+    )
+    check_token(
+        "cd || non-existance-cmd",
+        [(Name.Builtin, "cd"), (Operator, "||"), (Error, "non-existance-cmd")],
+    )
 
 
 def test_nested():
-    check_token('echo @("hello")', [(Name.Builtin, 'echo'),
-                                    (Keyword, '@'),
-                                    (Punctuation, '('),
-                                    (String.Double, 'hello'),
-                                    (Punctuation, ')')])
-    check_token('print($(cd))', [(Keyword, 'print'),
-                                 (Punctuation, '('),
-                                 (Keyword, '$'),
-                                 (Punctuation, '('),
-                                 (Name.Builtin, 'cd'),
-                                 (Punctuation, ')'),
-                                 (Punctuation, ')')])
-    check_token(r'print(![echo "])\""])', [(Keyword, 'print'),
-                                           (Keyword, '!'),
-                                           (Punctuation, '['),
-                                           (Name.Builtin, 'echo'),
-                                           (String.Double, r'"])\""'),
-                                           (Punctuation, ']')])
+    check_token(
+        'echo @("hello")',
+        [
+            (Name.Builtin, "echo"),
+            (Keyword, "@"),
+            (Punctuation, "("),
+            (String.Double, "hello"),
+            (Punctuation, ")"),
+        ],
+    )
+    check_token(
+        "print($(cd))",
+        [
+            (Keyword, "print"),
+            (Punctuation, "("),
+            (Keyword, "$"),
+            (Punctuation, "("),
+            (Name.Builtin, "cd"),
+            (Punctuation, ")"),
+            (Punctuation, ")"),
+        ],
+    )
+    check_token(
+        r'print(![echo "])\""])',
+        [
+            (Keyword, "print"),
+            (Keyword, "!"),
+            (Punctuation, "["),
+            (Name.Builtin, "echo"),
+            (String.Double, r'"])\""'),
+            (Punctuation, "]"),
+        ],
+    )
 
 
 def test_path(tmpdir):
-    test_dir = str(tmpdir.mkdir('xonsh-test-highlight-path'))
-    check_token('cd {}'.format(test_dir), [(Name.Builtin, 'cd'),
-                                           (Name.Constant, test_dir)])
-    check_token('cd {}-xxx'.format(test_dir), [(Name.Builtin, 'cd'),
-                                               (Text,
-                                                '{}-xxx'.format(test_dir))
-                                               ])
-    check_token('cd X={}'.format(test_dir), [(Name.Constant, test_dir)])
+    test_dir = str(tmpdir.mkdir("xonsh-test-highlight-path"))
+    check_token(
+        "cd {}".format(test_dir), [(Name.Builtin, "cd"), (Name.Constant, test_dir)]
+    )
+    check_token(
+        "cd {}-xxx".format(test_dir),
+        [(Name.Builtin, "cd"), (Text, "{}-xxx".format(test_dir))],
+    )
+    check_token("cd X={}".format(test_dir), [(Name.Constant, test_dir)])
 
     with builtins.__xonsh_env__.swap(AUTO_CD=True):
         check_token(test_dir, [(Name.Constant, test_dir)])
 
 
 def test_subproc_args():
-    check_token('cd 192.168.0.1', [(Text, '192.168.0.1')])
+    check_token("cd 192.168.0.1", [(Text, "192.168.0.1")])
 
 
 def test_backtick():
-    check_token(r'echo g`.*\w+`', [(String.Affix, 'g'),
-                                   (String.Backtick, '`'),
-                                   (String.Regex, '.'),
-                                   (String.Regex, '*'),
-                                   (String.Escape, r'\w'),
-                                   ])
+    check_token(
+        r"echo g`.*\w+`",
+        [
+            (String.Affix, "g"),
+            (String.Backtick, "`"),
+            (String.Regex, "."),
+            (String.Regex, "*"),
+            (String.Escape, r"\w"),
+        ],
+    )
 
 
 def test_macro():
-    check_token(r'g!(42, *, 65)', [(Name, 'g'),
-                                   (Keyword, '!'),
-                                   (Punctuation, '('),
-                                   (Number.Integer, '42')])
-    check_token(r'echo! hello world', [(Name.Builtin, 'echo'),
-                                       (Keyword, '!'),
-                                       (String, "hello world")])
-    check_token(r'bash -c ! export var=42; echo $var',
-                [(Name.Builtin, 'bash'),
-                 (Text, '-c'),
-                 (Keyword, '!'),
-                 (String, 'export var=42; echo $var'),
-                 ])
+    check_token(
+        r"g!(42, *, 65)",
+        [(Name, "g"), (Keyword, "!"), (Punctuation, "("), (Number.Integer, "42")],
+    )
+    check_token(
+        r"echo! hello world",
+        [(Name.Builtin, "echo"), (Keyword, "!"), (String, "hello world")],
+    )
+    check_token(
+        r"bash -c ! export var=42; echo $var",
+        [
+            (Name.Builtin, "bash"),
+            (Text, "-c"),
+            (Keyword, "!"),
+            (String, "export var=42; echo $var"),
+        ],
+    )

tests/test_ptk_history.py

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import pytest
 try:
     import prompt_toolkit  # NOQA
 except ImportError:
-    pytest.mark.skip(msg='prompt_toolkit is not available')
+    pytest.mark.skip(msg="prompt_toolkit is not available")
 
 from xonsh.ptk2.history import PromptToolkitHistory
 
@@ -14,12 +14,12 @@ from tools import skip_if_lt_ptk2
 def history_obj():
     """Instantiate `PromptToolkitHistory` and append a line string"""
     hist = PromptToolkitHistory(load_prev=False)
-    hist.append_string('line10')
+    hist.append_string("line10")
     return hist
 
 
 @skip_if_lt_ptk2
 def test_obj(history_obj):
-    assert ['line10'] == history_obj.get_strings()
+    assert ["line10"] == history_obj.get_strings()
     assert len(history_obj) == 1
-    assert ['line10'] == [x for x in history_obj]
+    assert ["line10"] == [x for x in history_obj]

tests/test_ptk_multiline.py

@@ -14,29 +14,32 @@ from xonsh.tools import ON_WINDOWS
 from tools import DummyEnv, skip_if_lt_ptk2
 
 
-Context = namedtuple('Context', ['indent', 'buffer', 'accept', 'cli', 'cr'])
+Context = namedtuple("Context", ["indent", "buffer", "accept", "cli", "cr"])
 
 
-@pytest.yield_fixture(scope='module')
+@pytest.yield_fixture(scope="module")
 def ctx():
     """Context in which the ptk multiline functionality will be tested."""
     builtins.__xonsh_env__ = DummyEnv()
-    builtins.__xonsh_env__['INDENT'] = '    '
+    builtins.__xonsh_env__["INDENT"] = "    "
     from xonsh.ptk2.key_bindings import carriage_return
+
     ptk_buffer = Buffer()
-    ptk_buffer.accept_action = MagicMock(name='accept')
-    cli = MagicMock(name='cli', spec=Application)
-    yield Context(indent='    ',
-                  buffer=ptk_buffer,
-                  accept=ptk_buffer.accept_action,
-                  cli=cli,
-                  cr=carriage_return)
+    ptk_buffer.accept_action = MagicMock(name="accept")
+    cli = MagicMock(name="cli", spec=Application)
+    yield Context(
+        indent="    ",
+        buffer=ptk_buffer,
+        accept=ptk_buffer.accept_action,
+        cli=cli,
+        cr=carriage_return,
+    )
     del builtins.__xonsh_env__
 
 
 @skip_if_lt_ptk2
 def test_colon_indent(ctx):
-    document = Document('for i in range(5):')
+    document = Document("for i in range(5):")
     ctx.buffer.set_document(document)
     ctx.cr(ctx.buffer, ctx.cli)
     assert ctx.buffer.document.current_line == ctx.indent
@@ -44,12 +47,12 @@ def test_colon_indent(ctx):
 
 @skip_if_lt_ptk2
 def test_dedent(ctx):
-    document = Document('\n'+ctx.indent+'pass')
+    document = Document("\n" + ctx.indent + "pass")
     ctx.buffer.set_document(document)
     ctx.cr(ctx.buffer, ctx.cli)
-    assert ctx.buffer.document.current_line == ''
+    assert ctx.buffer.document.current_line == ""
 
-    document = Document('\n'+2*ctx.indent+'continue')
+    document = Document("\n" + 2 * ctx.indent + "continue")
     ctx.buffer.set_document(document)
     ctx.cr(ctx.buffer, ctx.cli)
     assert ctx.buffer.document.current_line == ctx.indent
@@ -57,17 +60,17 @@ def test_dedent(ctx):
 
 @skip_if_lt_ptk2
 def test_nodedent(ctx):
-    '''don't dedent if first line of ctx.buffer'''
+    """don't dedent if first line of ctx.buffer"""
     mock = MagicMock(return_value=True)
-    with patch('xonsh.ptk2.key_bindings.can_compile', mock):
-        document = Document('pass')
+    with patch("xonsh.ptk2.key_bindings.can_compile", mock):
+        document = Document("pass")
         ctx.buffer.set_document(document)
         ctx.cr(ctx.buffer, ctx.cli)
         assert ctx.accept.mock_calls is not None
 
     mock = MagicMock(return_value=True)
-    with patch('xonsh.ptk2.key_bindings.can_compile', mock):
-        document = Document(ctx.indent+'pass')
+    with patch("xonsh.ptk2.key_bindings.can_compile", mock):
+        document = Document(ctx.indent + "pass")
         ctx.buffer.set_document(document)
         ctx.cr(ctx.buffer, ctx.cli)
         assert ctx.accept.mock_calls is not None
@@ -75,21 +78,21 @@ def test_nodedent(ctx):
 
 @skip_if_lt_ptk2
 def test_continuation_line(ctx):
-    document = Document('\nsecond line')
+    document = Document("\nsecond line")
     ctx.buffer.set_document(document)
     ctx.cr(ctx.buffer, ctx.cli)
-    assert ctx.buffer.document.current_line == ''
+    assert ctx.buffer.document.current_line == ""
 
 
 @skip_if_lt_ptk2
 def test_trailing_slash(ctx):
     mock = MagicMock(return_value=True)
-    with patch('xonsh.ptk2.key_bindings.can_compile', mock):
-        document = Document('this line will \\')
+    with patch("xonsh.ptk2.key_bindings.can_compile", mock):
+        document = Document("this line will \\")
         ctx.buffer.set_document(document)
         ctx.cr(ctx.buffer, ctx.cli)
         if not ON_WINDOWS:
-            assert ctx.buffer.document.current_line == ''
+            assert ctx.buffer.document.current_line == ""
         else:
             assert ctx.accept.mock_calls is not None
 
@@ -97,18 +100,18 @@ def test_trailing_slash(ctx):
 @skip_if_lt_ptk2
 def test_cant_compile_newline(ctx):
     mock = MagicMock(return_value=False)
-    with patch('xonsh.ptk2.key_bindings.can_compile', mock):
-        document = Document('for i in (1, 2, ')
+    with patch("xonsh.ptk2.key_bindings.can_compile", mock):
+        document = Document("for i in (1, 2, ")
         ctx.buffer.set_document(document)
         ctx.cr(ctx.buffer, ctx.cli)
-        assert ctx.buffer.document.current_line == ''
+        assert ctx.buffer.document.current_line == ""
 
 
 @skip_if_lt_ptk2
 def test_can_compile_and_executes(ctx):
     mock = MagicMock(return_value=True)
-    with patch('xonsh.ptk2.key_bindings.can_compile', mock):
-        document = Document('ls')
+    with patch("xonsh.ptk2.key_bindings.can_compile", mock):
+        document = Document("ls")
         ctx.buffer.set_document(document)
         ctx.cr(ctx.buffer, ctx.cli)
         assert ctx.accept.mock_calls is not None

tests/test_python_completers.py

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ def foo(x, y, z):
     pass
 
 
-def bar(wakka='wow', jawaka='mom'):
+def bar(wakka="wow", jawaka="mom"):
     pass
 
 
@@ -26,26 +26,29 @@ def always_true(x, y):
     return True
 
 
-BASE_CTX = {'foo': foo, 'bar': bar, 'baz': baz}
-FOO_ARGS = {'x=', 'y=', 'z='}
-BAR_ARGS = {'wakka=', 'jawaka='}
-BAZ_ARGS = {'sonata=', 'artica='}
+BASE_CTX = {"foo": foo, "bar": bar, "baz": baz}
+FOO_ARGS = {"x=", "y=", "z="}
+BAR_ARGS = {"wakka=", "jawaka="}
+BAZ_ARGS = {"sonata=", "artica="}
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('line, end, exp', [
-    ('foo(', 4, FOO_ARGS),   # I have no idea why this one needs to be first
-    ('foo()', 3, set()),
-    ('foo()', 4, FOO_ARGS),
-    ('foo()', 5, set()),
-    ('foo(x, ', 6, FOO_ARGS),
-    ('foo(x, )', 6, FOO_ARGS),
-    ('bar()', 4, BAR_ARGS),
-    ('baz()', 4, BAZ_ARGS),
-    ('foo(bar(', 8, BAR_ARGS),
-    ('foo(bar()', 9, FOO_ARGS),
-    ('foo(bar())', 4, FOO_ARGS),
-])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "line, end, exp",
+    [
+        ("foo(", 4, FOO_ARGS),  # I have no idea why this one needs to be first
+        ("foo()", 3, set()),
+        ("foo()", 4, FOO_ARGS),
+        ("foo()", 5, set()),
+        ("foo(x, ", 6, FOO_ARGS),
+        ("foo(x, )", 6, FOO_ARGS),
+        ("bar()", 4, BAR_ARGS),
+        ("baz()", 4, BAZ_ARGS),
+        ("foo(bar(", 8, BAR_ARGS),
+        ("foo(bar()", 9, FOO_ARGS),
+        ("foo(bar())", 4, FOO_ARGS),
+    ],
+)
 def test_complete_python_signatures(line, end, exp):
     ctx = dict(BASE_CTX)
-    obs = python_signature_complete('', line, end, ctx, always_true)
+    obs = python_signature_complete("", line, end, ctx, always_true)
     assert exp == obs

tests/test_replay.py

@@ -12,36 +12,36 @@ from xonsh.replay import Replayer
 from tools import skip_if_on_darwin
 
 
-HISTDIR = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'histories')
+HISTDIR = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "histories")
 
 
-@pytest.yield_fixture(scope='module', autouse=True)
+@pytest.yield_fixture(scope="module", autouse=True)
 def ctx():
     """Create a global Shell instance to use in all the test."""
-    ctx = {'PATH': []}
+    ctx = {"PATH": []}
     execer = Execer(xonsh_ctx=ctx)
-    builtins.__xonsh_shell__ = Shell(execer=execer, ctx=ctx, shell_type='none')
+    builtins.__xonsh_shell__ = Shell(execer=execer, ctx=ctx, shell_type="none")
     yield
     del builtins.__xonsh_shell__
 
 
 @skip_if_on_darwin
 def test_echo():
-    histfile = os.path.join(HISTDIR, 'echo.json')
+    histfile = os.path.join(HISTDIR, "echo.json")
     hist = Replayer(histfile).replay()
     assert len(hist) == 2
 
 
 @skip_if_on_darwin
 def test_reecho():
-    histfile = os.path.join(HISTDIR, 'echo.json')
+    histfile = os.path.join(HISTDIR, "echo.json")
     hist = Replayer(histfile).replay()
     assert len(hist) == 2
 
 
 @skip_if_on_darwin
 def test_simple_python():
-    histfile = os.path.join(HISTDIR, 'simple-python.json')
+    histfile = os.path.join(HISTDIR, "simple-python.json")
     hist = Replayer(histfile).replay()
     assert len(hist) == 4
     assert hist.inps[0].strip() == "print('The Turtles')"

tests/test_vox.py

@@ -16,36 +16,36 @@ def test_crud(xonsh_builtins, tmpdir):
     """
     Creates a virtual environment, gets it, enumerates it, and then deletes it.
     """
-    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__['VIRTUALENV_HOME'] = str(tmpdir)
+    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__["VIRTUALENV_HOME"] = str(tmpdir)
 
     last_event = None
 
     @xonsh_builtins.events.vox_on_create
     def create(name, **_):
         nonlocal last_event
-        last_event = 'create', name
+        last_event = "create", name
 
     @xonsh_builtins.events.vox_on_delete
     def delete(name, **_):
         nonlocal last_event
-        last_event = 'delete', name
+        last_event = "delete", name
 
     vox = Vox()
-    vox.create('spam')
-    assert stat.S_ISDIR(tmpdir.join('spam').stat().mode)
-    assert last_event == ('create', 'spam')
+    vox.create("spam")
+    assert stat.S_ISDIR(tmpdir.join("spam").stat().mode)
+    assert last_event == ("create", "spam")
 
-    ve = vox['spam']
-    assert ve.env == str(tmpdir.join('spam'))
+    ve = vox["spam"]
+    assert ve.env == str(tmpdir.join("spam"))
     assert os.path.isdir(ve.bin)
 
-    assert 'spam' in vox
-    assert 'spam' in list(vox)
+    assert "spam" in vox
+    assert "spam" in list(vox)
 
-    del vox['spam']
+    del vox["spam"]
 
-    assert not tmpdir.join('spam').check()
-    assert last_event == ('delete', 'spam')
+    assert not tmpdir.join("spam").check()
+    assert last_event == ("delete", "spam")
 
 
 @skip_if_on_msys
@@ -54,30 +54,30 @@ def test_activate(xonsh_builtins, tmpdir):
     """
     Creates a virtual environment, gets it, enumerates it, and then deletes it.
     """
-    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__['VIRTUALENV_HOME'] = str(tmpdir)
+    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__["VIRTUALENV_HOME"] = str(tmpdir)
     # I consider the case that the user doesn't have a PATH set to be unreasonable
-    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__.setdefault('PATH', [])
+    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__.setdefault("PATH", [])
 
     last_event = None
 
     @xonsh_builtins.events.vox_on_activate
     def activate(name, **_):
         nonlocal last_event
-        last_event = 'activate', name
+        last_event = "activate", name
 
     @xonsh_builtins.events.vox_on_deactivate
     def deactivate(name, **_):
         nonlocal last_event
-        last_event = 'deactivate', name
+        last_event = "deactivate", name
 
     vox = Vox()
-    vox.create('spam')
-    vox.activate('spam')
-    assert xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__['VIRTUAL_ENV'] == vox['spam'].env
-    assert last_event == ('activate', 'spam')
+    vox.create("spam")
+    vox.activate("spam")
+    assert xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__["VIRTUAL_ENV"] == vox["spam"].env
+    assert last_event == ("activate", "spam")
     vox.deactivate()
-    assert 'VIRTUAL_ENV' not in xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__
-    assert last_event == ('deactivate', 'spam')
+    assert "VIRTUAL_ENV" not in xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__
+    assert last_event == ("deactivate", "spam")
 
 
 @skip_if_on_msys
@@ -86,21 +86,21 @@ def test_path(xonsh_builtins, tmpdir):
     """
     Test to make sure Vox properly activates and deactivates by examining $PATH
     """
-    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__['VIRTUALENV_HOME'] = str(tmpdir)
+    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__["VIRTUALENV_HOME"] = str(tmpdir)
     # I consider the case that the user doesn't have a PATH set to be unreasonable
-    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__.setdefault('PATH', [])
+    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__.setdefault("PATH", [])
 
-    oldpath = list(xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__['PATH'])
+    oldpath = list(xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__["PATH"])
     vox = Vox()
-    vox.create('eggs')
+    vox.create("eggs")
 
-    vox.activate('eggs')
+    vox.activate("eggs")
 
-    assert oldpath != xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__['PATH']
+    assert oldpath != xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__["PATH"]
 
     vox.deactivate()
 
-    assert oldpath == xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__['PATH']
+    assert oldpath == xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__["PATH"]
 
 
 @skip_if_on_msys
@@ -109,31 +109,33 @@ def test_crud_subdir(xonsh_builtins, tmpdir):
     """
     Creates a virtual environment, gets it, enumerates it, and then deletes it.
     """
-    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__['VIRTUALENV_HOME'] = str(tmpdir)
+    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__["VIRTUALENV_HOME"] = str(tmpdir)
 
     vox = Vox()
-    vox.create('spam/eggs')
-    assert stat.S_ISDIR(tmpdir.join('spam', 'eggs').stat().mode)
+    vox.create("spam/eggs")
+    assert stat.S_ISDIR(tmpdir.join("spam", "eggs").stat().mode)
 
-    ve = vox['spam/eggs']
-    assert ve.env == str(tmpdir.join('spam', 'eggs'))
+    ve = vox["spam/eggs"]
+    assert ve.env == str(tmpdir.join("spam", "eggs"))
     assert os.path.isdir(ve.bin)
 
-    assert 'spam/eggs' in vox
-    assert 'spam' not in vox
+    assert "spam/eggs" in vox
+    assert "spam" not in vox
 
-    #assert 'spam/eggs' in list(vox)  # This is NOT true on Windows
-    assert 'spam' not in list(vox)
+    # assert 'spam/eggs' in list(vox)  # This is NOT true on Windows
+    assert "spam" not in list(vox)
 
-    del vox['spam/eggs']
+    del vox["spam/eggs"]
+
+    assert not tmpdir.join("spam", "eggs").check()
 
-    assert not tmpdir.join('spam', 'eggs').check()
 
 try:
     import pathlib
 except ImportError:
     pass
 else:
+
     @skip_if_on_msys
     @skip_if_on_conda
     def test_crud_path(xonsh_builtins, tmpdir):
@@ -144,7 +146,7 @@ else:
 
         vox = Vox()
         vox.create(tmp)
-        assert stat.S_ISDIR(tmpdir.join('lib').stat().mode)
+        assert stat.S_ISDIR(tmpdir.join("lib").stat().mode)
 
         ve = vox[tmp]
         assert ve.env == str(tmp)
@@ -161,17 +163,17 @@ def test_crud_subdir(xonsh_builtins, tmpdir):
     """
     Creates a virtual environment, gets it, enumerates it, and then deletes it.
     """
-    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__['VIRTUALENV_HOME'] = str(tmpdir)
+    xonsh_builtins.__xonsh_env__["VIRTUALENV_HOME"] = str(tmpdir)
 
     vox = Vox()
     with pytest.raises(ValueError):
         if ON_WINDOWS:
-            vox.create('Scripts')
+            vox.create("Scripts")
         else:
-            vox.create('bin')
+            vox.create("bin")
 
     with pytest.raises(ValueError):
         if ON_WINDOWS:
-            vox.create('spameggs/Scripts')
+            vox.create("spameggs/Scripts")
         else:
-            vox.create('spameggs/bin')
+            vox.create("spameggs/bin")

tests/test_wizard.py

@@ -5,78 +5,97 @@ import os
 
 import pytest
 
-from xonsh.wizard import (Node, Wizard, Pass, PrettyFormatter,
-    Message, Question, StateVisitor, FileInserter)
+from xonsh.wizard import (
+    Node,
+    Wizard,
+    Pass,
+    PrettyFormatter,
+    Message,
+    Question,
+    StateVisitor,
+    FileInserter,
+)
 
 
-TREE0 = Wizard(children=[Pass(), Message(message='yo')])
-TREE1 = Question('wakka?', {'jawaka': Pass()})
+TREE0 = Wizard(children=[Pass(), Message(message="yo")])
+TREE1 = Question("wakka?", {"jawaka": Pass()})
+
 
 def test_pretty_format_tree0():
-    exp = ('Wizard(children=[\n'
-           ' Pass(),\n'
-           " Message('yo')\n"
-           '])')
+    exp = "Wizard(children=[\n" " Pass(),\n" " Message('yo')\n" "])"
     obs = PrettyFormatter(TREE0).visit()
     assert exp == obs
     assert exp == str(TREE0)
-    assert exp.replace('\n', '') == repr(TREE0)
+    assert exp.replace("\n", "") == repr(TREE0)
 
 
 def test_pretty_format_tree1():
-    exp = ('Question(\n'
-           " question='wakka?',\n"
-           ' responses={\n'
-           "  'jawaka': Pass()\n"
-           ' }\n'
-           ')')
+    exp = (
+        "Question(\n"
+        " question='wakka?',\n"
+        " responses={\n"
+        "  'jawaka': Pass()\n"
+        " }\n"
+        ")"
+    )
     obs = PrettyFormatter(TREE1).visit()
     assert exp == obs
     assert exp == str(TREE1)
-    assert exp.replace('\n', '') == repr(TREE1)
+    assert exp.replace("\n", "") == repr(TREE1)
 
 
 def test_state_visitor_store():
-    exp = {'rick': [{}, {}, {'and': 'morty'}]}
+    exp = {"rick": [{}, {}, {"and": "morty"}]}
     sv = StateVisitor()
-    sv.store('/rick/2/and', 'morty')
+    sv.store("/rick/2/and", "morty")
     obs = sv.state
     assert exp == obs
 
-    exp['rick'][1]['mr'] = 'meeseeks'
-    sv.store('/rick/-2/mr', 'meeseeks')
+    exp["rick"][1]["mr"] = "meeseeks"
+    sv.store("/rick/-2/mr", "meeseeks")
     assert exp == obs
 
-    flat_exp = {'/': {'rick': [{}, {'mr': 'meeseeks'}, {'and': 'morty'}]},
-                '/rick/': [{}, {'mr': 'meeseeks'}, {'and': 'morty'}],
-                '/rick/0/': {},
-                '/rick/1/': {'mr': 'meeseeks'},
-                '/rick/1/mr': 'meeseeks',
-                '/rick/2/': {'and': 'morty'},
-                '/rick/2/and': 'morty',
-                }
+    flat_exp = {
+        "/": {"rick": [{}, {"mr": "meeseeks"}, {"and": "morty"}]},
+        "/rick/": [{}, {"mr": "meeseeks"}, {"and": "morty"}],
+        "/rick/0/": {},
+        "/rick/1/": {"mr": "meeseeks"},
+        "/rick/1/mr": "meeseeks",
+        "/rick/2/": {"and": "morty"},
+        "/rick/2/and": "morty",
+    }
     flat_obs = sv.flatten()
     assert flat_exp == flat_obs
 
 
 def dump_xonfig_env_mock(path, value):
-    name = os.path.basename(path.rstrip('/'))
-    return '${name} = {val!r}'.format(name=name, val=value)
+    name = os.path.basename(path.rstrip("/"))
+    return "${name} = {val!r}".format(name=name, val=value)
 
 
 def test_tuple_store_and_write():
     # setup
     sv = StateVisitor()
-    sv.store('/env/XONSH_HISTORY_SIZE', (1073741824, 'b'))
-    dump_rules = {'/': None, '/env/': None,
-                  '/env/*': dump_xonfig_env_mock,
-                  '/env/*/[0-9]*': None}
-    fi = FileInserter(prefix='# XONSH WIZARD START', suffix='# XONSH WIZARD END',
-                      dump_rules=dump_rules, default_file=None,
-                      check=False, ask_filename=False)
+    sv.store("/env/XONSH_HISTORY_SIZE", (1073741824, "b"))
+    dump_rules = {
+        "/": None,
+        "/env/": None,
+        "/env/*": dump_xonfig_env_mock,
+        "/env/*/[0-9]*": None,
+    }
+    fi = FileInserter(
+        prefix="# XONSH WIZARD START",
+        suffix="# XONSH WIZARD END",
+        dump_rules=dump_rules,
+        default_file=None,
+        check=False,
+        ask_filename=False,
+    )
     # run test
-    exp = ("# XONSH WIZARD START\n"
-           "$XONSH_HISTORY_SIZE = (1073741824, 'b')\n"
-           "# XONSH WIZARD END\n")
+    exp = (
+        "# XONSH WIZARD START\n"
+        "$XONSH_HISTORY_SIZE = (1073741824, 'b')\n"
+        "# XONSH WIZARD END\n"
+    )
     obs = fi.dumps(sv.flatten())
     assert exp == obs

tests/test_xontribs.py

@@ -3,10 +3,12 @@ import sys
 import pytest
 from xonsh.xontribs import xontrib_metadata, xontrib_context
 
+
 def test_load_xontrib_metadata():
     # Simply tests that the xontribs JSON files isn't malformed.
     xontrib_metadata()
 
+
 @pytest.yield_fixture
 def tmpmod(tmpdir):
     """
@@ -24,45 +26,54 @@ def tmpmod(tmpdir):
         for m in newmods:
             del sys.modules[m]
 
+
 def test_noall(tmpmod):
     """
     Tests what get's exported from a module without __all__
     """
 
-    with tmpmod.mkdir("xontrib").join("spameggs.py").open('w') as x:
-        x.write("""
+    with tmpmod.mkdir("xontrib").join("spameggs.py").open("w") as x:
+        x.write(
+            """
 spam = 1
 eggs = 2
 _foobar = 3
-""")
+"""
+        )
+
+    ctx = xontrib_context("spameggs")
+    assert ctx == {"spam": 1, "eggs": 2}
 
-    ctx = xontrib_context('spameggs')
-    assert ctx == {'spam': 1, 'eggs': 2}
 
 def test_withall(tmpmod):
     """
     Tests what get's exported from a module with __all__
     """
 
-    with tmpmod.mkdir("xontrib").join("spameggs.py").open('w') as x:
-        x.write("""
+    with tmpmod.mkdir("xontrib").join("spameggs.py").open("w") as x:
+        x.write(
+            """
 __all__ = 'spam', '_foobar'
 spam = 1
 eggs = 2
 _foobar = 3
-""")
+"""
+        )
+
+    ctx = xontrib_context("spameggs")
+    assert ctx == {"spam": 1, "_foobar": 3}
 
-    ctx = xontrib_context('spameggs')
-    assert ctx == {'spam': 1, '_foobar': 3}
 
 def test_xshxontrib(tmpmod):
     """
     Test that .xsh xontribs are loadable
     """
-    with tmpmod.mkdir("xontrib").join("script.xsh").open('w') as x:
-        x.write("""
+    with tmpmod.mkdir("xontrib").join("script.xsh").open("w") as x:
+        x.write(
+            """
 hello = 'world'
-""")
+"""
+        )
 
-    ctx = xontrib_context('script')
-    assert ctx == {'hello': 'world'}
+    ctx = xontrib_context("script")
+    assert ctx == {"hello": "world"}

tests/test_xoreutils.py

@@ -11,19 +11,17 @@ class TestWhich:
     # use from the _which.py module.
     def setup(self):
         # Setup two folders with some test files.
-        self.testdirs = [tempfile.TemporaryDirectory(),
-                         tempfile.TemporaryDirectory()]
+        self.testdirs = [tempfile.TemporaryDirectory(), tempfile.TemporaryDirectory()]
         if ON_WINDOWS:
-            self.testapps = ['whichtestapp1.exe',
-                             'whichtestapp2.wta']
-            self.exts = ['.EXE']
+            self.testapps = ["whichtestapp1.exe", "whichtestapp2.wta"]
+            self.exts = [".EXE"]
         else:
-            self.testapps = ['whichtestapp1']
+            self.testapps = ["whichtestapp1"]
             self.exts = None
         for app in self.testapps:
             for d in self.testdirs:
                 path = os.path.join(d.name, app)
-                open(path, 'wb').write(b'')
+                open(path, "wb").write(b"")
                 os.chmod(path, 0o755)
 
     def teardown_module(self):
@@ -32,48 +30,49 @@ class TestWhich:
 
     def test_whichgen(self):
         testdir = self.testdirs[0].name
-        arg = 'whichtestapp1'
+        arg = "whichtestapp1"
         matches = list(_which.whichgen(arg, path=[testdir], exts=self.exts))
         assert len(matches) == 1
         assert self._file_match(matches[0][0], os.path.join(testdir, arg))
 
     def test_whichgen_failure(self):
         testdir = self.testdirs[0].name
-        arg = 'not_a_file'
+        arg = "not_a_file"
         matches = list(_which.whichgen(arg, path=[testdir], exts=self.exts))
         assert len(matches) == 0
 
     def test_whichgen_verbose(self):
         testdir = self.testdirs[0].name
-        arg = 'whichtestapp1'
-        matches = list(_which.whichgen(arg, path=[testdir], exts=self.exts,
-                                       verbose=True))
+        arg = "whichtestapp1"
+        matches = list(
+            _which.whichgen(arg, path=[testdir], exts=self.exts, verbose=True)
+        )
         assert len(matches) == 1
         match, from_where = matches[0]
         assert self._file_match(match, os.path.join(testdir, arg))
-        assert from_where == 'from given path element 0'
+        assert from_where == "from given path element 0"
 
     def test_whichgen_multiple(self):
         testdir0 = self.testdirs[0].name
         testdir1 = self.testdirs[1].name
-        arg = 'whichtestapp1'
-        matches = list(_which.whichgen(arg, path=[testdir0, testdir1],
-                                       exts=self.exts))
+        arg = "whichtestapp1"
+        matches = list(_which.whichgen(arg, path=[testdir0, testdir1], exts=self.exts))
         assert len(matches) == 2
         assert self._file_match(matches[0][0], os.path.join(testdir0, arg))
         assert self._file_match(matches[1][0], os.path.join(testdir1, arg))
 
     if ON_WINDOWS:
+
         def test_whichgen_ext_failure(self):
             testdir = self.testdirs[0].name
-            arg = 'whichtestapp2'
+            arg = "whichtestapp2"
             matches = list(_which.whichgen(arg, path=[testdir], exts=self.exts))
             assert len(matches) == 0
 
         def test_whichgen_ext_success(self):
             testdir = self.testdirs[0].name
-            arg = 'whichtestapp2'
-            matches = list(_which.whichgen(arg, path=[testdir], exts=['.wta']))
+            arg = "whichtestapp2"
+            matches = list(_which.whichgen(arg, path=[testdir], exts=[".wta"]))
             assert len(matches) == 1
             assert self._file_match(matches[0][0], os.path.join(testdir, arg))